Intestinal alkaline phosphatase modulation by food components: predictive, preventive, and personalized strategies for novel treatment options in chronic kidney disease

AbstractAlkaline phosphatase (AP) is a ubiquitous membrane –bound glycoprotein that catalyzes phosphate monoesters’ hydrolysis from organic compounds, an essential process in cell signaling. Four AP isozymes have been described in humans, placental AP, germ cell AP, tissue nonspecific AP, and intestinal AP (IAP). IAP plays a crucial role in gut microbia l homeostasis, nutrient uptake, and local and systemic inflammation, and its dysfunction is associated with persistent inflammatory disorders. AP is a strong predictor of mortality in the general population and patients with cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, little is known a bout IAP modulation and its possible consequences in CKD, a disease characterized by gut microbiota imbalance and persistent low-grade inflammation. Mitigating inflammation and dysbiosis can prevent cardiovascular complications in patients with CKD, and monitoring factors such as IAP can be useful f or predicting those complications. Here, we review IAP’s role and the results of nutritional interventions targeting IAP in experimental models to prevent alterations in the gut microbiota, which could be a possible target of predictive, preventive, personalized medicine (PPPM) to avoid CKD compli cations. Microbiota and some nutrients may activate IAP, which seems to have a beneficial impact on health; however, data on CKD remains scarce.
Source: EPMA Journal - Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research