Microbiota and hypertension: role of the sympathetic nervous system and the immune system.

Microbiota and hypertension: role of the sympathetic nervous system and the immune system. Am J Hypertens. 2020 Jul 02;: Authors: Robles-Vera I, Toral M, Duarte J Abstract There are numerous studies indicating a direct association between hypertension and gut microbiota in both animal models and humans. In this review we focused on the imbalance in the gut microbiota composition relative to healthy state or homeostasis, termed dysbiosis, associated with hypertension and discuss the current knowledge regarding how microbiota regulates blood pressure, involving the sympathetic nervous system and the immune system. The profile of ecological parameters and bacterial genera composition of gut dysbiosis in hypertension varies according to the experimental model of hypertension. Recent evidence supports that gut microbiota can protect or promote the development of hypertension by interacting with gut secondary lymph organs and altering T helper 17/ regulatory T cells polarization, with subsequent changes in T cells infiltration in vascular tissues. Here we also describe the bidirectional communication between the microbiome and the host via the sympathetic nervous system and its role in blood pressure regulation. Dysbiosis in hypertension is mainly associated with reduced proportions of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria, mainly acetate- and butyrate-producing bacteria, and an increased enrichment of the genes for lipopolysaccharide ...
Source: American Journal of Hypertension - Category: Cardiology Authors: Tags: Am J Hypertens Source Type: research