Coinfection with < i > Leishmania major < /i > and < i > Staphylococcus aureus < /i > enhances the pathologic responses to both microbes through a pathway involving IL-17A

by Tiffany Y. Borb ón, Breanna M. Scorza, Gwendolyn M. Clay, Fellipe Lima Nobre de Queiroz, Alan J. Sariol, Jayden L. Bowen, Yani Chen, Bayan Zhanbolat, Corey P. Parlet, Diogo G. Valadares, Suzanne L. Cassel, William M. Nauseef, Alexander R. Horswill, Fayyaz S. Sutterwala, Mary E. Wilson Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a parasitic disease causing chronic, ulcerating skin lesions. Most humans infected with the causativeLeishmania protozoa are asymptomatic.Leishmania spp. are usually introduced by sand flies into the dermis of mammalian hosts in the presence of bacteria from either the host skin, sand fly gut or both. We hypothesized that bacteria at the dermal inoculation site ofLeishmania major will influence the severity of infection that ensues. A C57BL/6 mouse ear model of single or coinfection withLeishmania major,Staphylococcus aureus, or both showed that single pathogen infections caused localized lesions that peaked after 2 –3 days forS.aureus and 3 weeks forL.major infection, but that coinfection produced lesions that were two-fold larger than single infection throughout 4 weeks after coinfection. Coinfection increasedS.aureus burdens over 7 days, whereasL.major burdens (3, 7, 28 days) were the same in singly and coinfected ears. Inflammatory lesions throughout the first 4 weeks of coinfection had more neutrophils than did singly infected lesions, and the recruited neutrophils from early (day 1) lesions had similar phagocytic and NADPH oxidase capacities. However,...
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Source Type: research