Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Drugs in Patients with Heart Failure: An Update (Part 2, Drugs Administered Orally)

Abstract The purpose of the present review article is to update the information regarding pharmacokinetics of drugs in patients with heart failure that has accumulated since the last review article published in 1988 in Clinical Pharmacokinetics. Since this last review, our understanding of the pathophysiology of heart failure has changed from the cardio-renal model to the neuro-humoral model, and the pharmacologic approach to treatment of heart failure has been shifted from inotropic agents to those acting on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. The pharmacologic agents now used for heart failure include many important classes of drugs, such as ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers (antagonists) (ARBs), and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. In Part 1 of this review, we summarized the pharmacokinetic properties of relevant drugs administered intravenously. In Part 2, the present article, we describe pharmacokinetics of drugs following oral administration. For this purpose we conducted a systematic search of literature using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Japan Centra Revuo Medicina (in Japanese). We retrieved a total of 110 relevant publications for 49 drugs and updated the information for ten drugs and provided new information for 31 drugs. We recognized that the pharmacokinetic data were obtained primarily from stable heart failure patients with moderate severity [New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II or III]. In addition, most patients were...
Source: Clinical Pharmacokinetics - Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research