Immune checkpoint inhibitors and the union of bugs against cancer

In 2011, the first immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapeutic antibody was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of advanced melanoma. Based on Phase III trials, 6 different ICI agents are now approved for the treatment of a range of tumors, including renal cell carcinoma, and, most recently, for any solid tumor with genetic instability (Table  1). These agents act by unleashing the power of the immune system via targeting of inhibitory T-cell immune checkpoint pathways, including the receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) system, and the related CTLA-4 costimulation pathway.
Source: Kidney International - Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Tags: Nephrology Digest Source Type: research