An Uncommon Case of Fungal Rhinosinusitis Caused by the Mold < em > Exserohilum rostratum < /em > in a Patient with Relapsed Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Case Report and Review of the Literature

We present here a patient with relapsed acute myeloid leukemia who was neutropenic for a prolonged period. Symptoms worsened during the hospital course, including left-sided sinus swelling, which was also noted on imaging. ENT performed a bedside endoscopy and biopsied an eschar forming in the left nasal cavity. This was ultimately found to be acute invasive rhinosinusitis due to infection with the mold Exserohilum rostratum The patient was started on Posaconazole and Amphotericin B. He eventually also underwent surgical debridement. Infections with this organism are very uncommon, as noted in our literature search. In the diagnostic methods employed in this case, we utilized pathology, culture and microscopy, as well as mass spectrometry which was used to confirm the diagnosis.PMID:38182155

Source: Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Science - January 5, 2024 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: David Thomas Jeff Johnson Humberto Trejo Bittar Aliyah Baluch Source Type: research