Pilot study of stanford neuromodulation therapy (SNT) for bipolar depression
Bipolar disorder is a highly disabling illness [1]. While mania and hypomania define bipolar I and II, respectively, depression accounts for the majority of disease burden in bipolar disorder. Further, 15 –20% of patients with bipolar disorder die due to suicide [2], and depressive episodes are a consistent risk factor for a suicide attempt [2]. Unfortunately, there are relatively few evidence-based treatment options available for bipolar depression (BD). Although repetitive transcranial magnetic s timulation (rTMS) has demonstrated antidepressant efficacy in unipolar depression, there is limited evidence of [3–5], and ongoing debate about [6], its efficacy for BD.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - Category: Neurology Authors: Kristin S. Raj, Andrew D. Geoly, Clive Veerapal, Mia Gholmieh, Pouya Toosi, Flint M. Espil, Jean-Marie Batail, Ian H. Kratter, Nolan R. Williams Source Type: research