Real-world prognostic significance of attaining minimal residual disease negativity in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma

We examined MRD status by multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC). At a median follow-up of 37  months (4–88 months), In patients who achieved ≥ VGPR, those with MRD negativity had significantly longer PFS (51vs. 26  months;P <  0.001) and OS (Not reached: NRvs. 62  months,P <  0.001) than those with MRD positivity. MRD positivity was the independent prognostic factor for PFS with hazard ratios of 2.650 (95% CI 1.755–4.033,P <  0.001) and OS with hazard ratios of 2.122 (95% CI 1.155–3.899,P = 0.015). Achieving MRD negativity was able to ameliorate a poor prognosis associated with genetic high risk. MRD negativity was associated with better PFS regardless of ASCT treatment. MRD status was more predictable for clinical outcome than conventional clinical responses. Moreover, Sustaine d MRD negativity ≥ 12 or ≥ 24 months improved both PFS and OS. Patients with NDMM who achieved MRD-negative status or sustained MRD negativity had deep remission and improved clinical outcomes regardless of high-risk cytogenetics, ASCT and clinical responses in a real-world setting.
Source: Hormones and Cancer - Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research