Typhoid fever control in the 21st century: where are we now?

We describe how antibiotic resistance continues to pose a major challenge in the treatment of typhoid fever, as exemplified by the emergence of azithromycin resistance and the spread of Salmonella Typhi strains resistant to third-generation cephalosporins. We review efficacy and effectiveness data for TCVs, which have been shown to have high-level efficacy (≥80%) against typhoid fever in diverse field settings. Data from randomized controlled trials and observational studies of TCVs are reviewed herein. Finally, we review data from multicountry blood culture surveillance studies that have provided granular insights into typhoid fever epidemiology. These data are becoming increasingly important as countries decide how best to introduce TCVs into routine immunization schedules and determine the optimal delivery strategy. Summary Continued advocacy is needed to address the ongoing challenge of typhoid fever to improve child health and tackle the rising challenge of antimicrobial resistance.
Source: Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases - Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS: Edited by Thomas Patterson and Robert Read Source Type: research