Causal Effect of Chronic Pain on Mortality Through Opioid Prescriptions: Application of the Front-Door Formula

Conclusions: Chronic pain increased the risk of all-cause mortality through opioid prescriptions. Our findings highlight the importance of careful guideline-based chronic pain management to prevent death from possibly inappropriate opioid prescriptions driven by chronic pain.
Source: Epidemiology - Category: Epidemiology Tags: Pharmacoepidemiology Source Type: research