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Research on the Development of Methods for Detection of Substandard and Falsified Medicines by Clarifying Their Pharmaceutical Characteristics Using Modern Technology
Biol Pharm Bull. 2024;47(5):878-885. doi: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00749.ABSTRACTThe existence of substandard and falsified medicines threatens people's health and causes economic losses as well as a loss of trust in medicines. As the distribution of pharmaceuticals becomes more globalized and the spread of substandard and falsified medicines continues worldwide, pharmaceutical security measures must be strengthened. To eradicate substandard and falsified medicines, our group is conducting fact-finding investigations of medicines distributed in lower middle-income countries (LMICs) and on the Internet. From the perspective of pharm...
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - May 1, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Naoko Yoshida Source Type: research

Development of an Improved Adenovirus Vector and Its Application to the Treatment of Lifestyle-Related Diseases
Biol Pharm Bull. 2024;47(5):886-894. doi: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00837.ABSTRACTThe number of patients with lifestyle-related diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), formerly known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), has continued to increase worldwide. Therefore, development of innovative therapeutic methods targeting lifestyle-related diseases is required. Gene therapy has attracted considerable attention as an advanced medical treatment. Safe and high-performance vectors are essential for the practical application of gene therapy. Replicati...
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - May 1, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Kahori Shimizu Source Type: research

New Directions for Advanced Targeting Strategies of EGFR Signaling in Cancer
Biol Pharm Bull. 2024;47(5):895-903. doi: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00924.ABSTRACTEpidermal growth factor (EGF)-EGF receptor (EGFR) signaling studies paved the way for a basic understanding of growth factor and oncogene signaling pathways and the development of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Due to resistance mutations and the activation of alternative pathways when cancer cells escape TKIs, highly diverse cell populations form in recurrent tumors through mechanisms that have not yet been fully elucidated. In this review, we summarize recent advances in EGFR basic research on signaling networks and intracellular trafficking that...
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - May 1, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Yue Zhou Jun-Ichiro Takahashi Hiroaki Sakurai Source Type: research

From Glycolysis to Viral Defense: The Multifaceted Impact of Glycolytic Enzymes on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Replication
Biol Pharm Bull. 2024;47(5):905-911. doi: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00605.ABSTRACTViruses require host cells to replicate and proliferate, which indicates that viruses hijack the cellular machinery. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) primarily infects CD4-positive T cells, and efficiently uses cellular proteins to replicate. Cells already have proteins that inhibit the replication of the foreign HIV-1, but their function is suppressed by viral proteins. Intriguingly, HIV-1 infection also changes the cellular metabolism to aerobic glycolysis. This phenomenon has been interpreted as a cellular response to maintain homeostasis...
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - May 1, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Naoki Kishimoto Shogo Misumi Source Type: research

The Terminase Complex of Each Human Herpesvirus
Biol Pharm Bull. 2024;47(5):912-916. doi: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00717.ABSTRACTThe human herpesviruses (HHVs) are classified into the following three subfamilies: Alphaherpesvirinae, Betaherpesvirinae, and Gammaherpesvirinae. These HHVs have distinct pathological features, while containing a highly conserved viral replication pathway. Among HHVs, the basic viral particle structure and the sequential processes of viral replication are nearly identical. In particular, the capsid formation mechanism has been proposed to be highly similar among herpesviruses, because the viral capsid-organizing proteins are highly conserved at the st...
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - May 1, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Yuki Iwaisako Masahiro Fujimuro Source Type: research

Current Status and Perspectives of Therapeutic Antibodies Targeting the Spike Protein S2 Subunit against SARS-CoV-2
Biol Pharm Bull. 2024;47(5):917-923. doi: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00639.ABSTRACTThe global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has devastated public health and the global economy. New variants are continually emerging because of amino acid mutations within the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Existing neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) that target the receptor-binding domain (RBD) within the spike protein have been shown to have reduced neutralizing activity against these variants. In particular, the recently expanding omicron subvariants BQ 1.1 and XBB are res...
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - May 1, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Yuichiro Yamamoto Tetsuya Inoue Source Type: research

The Role of Human Mobility Flow in the Region-to-Region Spread of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection among Infants: An Infographic Analysis
In this study, we investigated the correlation between the trend of regional reports of the pediatric RSV infections and the HMF based on cellular phone signal data. Upon closer examination of both epidemiological trend and HMF data, the spread of pediatric RSV infection from one region to another was logically explained by HMF, which would serve as the evidence of the dependence of regional transmission on HMF. This is the first solid evidence where this correlation has been clearly observed for the common respiratory infections. While social implementation of infection control measures has successfully suppressed the dro...
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - May 1, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Hide Sasaki Ryo Seoka Mayuko Yagi Jun Komano Source Type: research

Inhibition Mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 Infection by a Cholesterol Derivative, Nat-20(S)-yne
Biol Pharm Bull. 2024;47(5):930-940. doi: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00797.ABSTRACTThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the etiological agent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19, with the recurrent epidemics of new variants of SARS-CoV-2, remains a global public health problem, and new antivirals are still required. Some cholesterol derivatives, such as 25-hydroxycholesterol, are known to have antiviral activity against a wide range of enveloped and non-enveloped viruses, including SARS-CoV-2. At the entry step of SARS-CoV-2 infection, the viral envelope fuses with the host membrane ...
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - May 1, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Mana Murae Shota Sakai Non Miyata Yoshimi Shimizu Yuko Okemoto-Nakamura Takuma Kishimoto Motohiko Ogawa Hideki Tani Kazuma Tanaka Kohji Noguchi Masayoshi Fukasawa Source Type: research

Foreword
Biol Pharm Bull. 2024;47(5):904. doi: 10.1248/bpb.b24-ctf4705.NO ABSTRACTPMID:38692866 | DOI:10.1248/bpb.b24-ctf4705 (Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin)
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - May 1, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Kohji Noguchi Source Type: research