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Specialty: Urology & Nephrology
Therapy: Dialysis

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Total 284 results found since Jan 2013.

Water and solute transport across the peritoneal membrane
Purpose of review: We review the molecular mechanisms of peritoneal transport and discuss how a better understanding of these mechanisms is relevant for dialysis therapy. Recent findings: Peritoneal dialysis involves diffusion and osmosis through the highly vascularized peritoneal membrane. Computer simulations, expression studies and functional analyses in Aqp1 knockout mice demonstrated the critical role of the water channel aquaporin-1 (AQP1) in water removal during peritoneal dialysis. Pharmacologic regulation of AQP1, either through increased expression or gating, is associated with increased water transport in rodent...
Source: Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension - August 11, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF SOLUTE TRANSPORT: Edited by Alan S.L. Yu Source Type: research

Timing of Dialysis Initiation, Duration and Frequency of Hemodialysis Sessions, and Membrane Flux: A Systematic Review for a KDOQI Clinical Practice Guideline
Conclusions Limited data indicate that earlier dialysis therapy initiation and more frequent and longer hemodialysis did not improve clinical outcomes compared to conventional hemodialysis.
Source: American Journal of Kidney Diseases - October 21, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Comparative outcomes of predominant facility-level use of ferumoxytol versus other intravenous iron formulations in incident hemodialysis patients
Conclusions In incident HD patients, ferumoxytol showed similar short- to mid-term safety profiles with regard to cardiovascular, infectious and mortality outcomes compared with the more commonly used intravenous iron formulations IS and FG.
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - November 23, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Airy, M., Mandayam, S., Mitani, A. A., Chang, T. I., Ding, V. Y., Brookhart, M. A., Goldstein, B. A., Winkelmayer, W. C. Tags: Intra- and extracorporeal treatments of kidney failure Source Type: research

Safety of warfarin therapy in chronic hemodialysis patients: a prospective cohort study
Conclusion The results of this study suggested that warfarin use by HD patients might not be harmful in chronic state, while the safety for the initiation of warfarin therapy in HD patients remained to be determined.
Source: Clinical and Experimental Nephrology - December 1, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Acute kidney injury (AKI) outcome, a predictor of long-term major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).
CONCLUSION: Complete renal recovery after an episode of AKI in patients with normal baseline kidney function is associated with a lower risk of long-term MACE when compared with those who did not fully recover. PMID: 26636328 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Clinical Nephrology - December 4, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Omotoso BA, Abdel-Rahman EM, Xin W, Ma JZ, Scully KW, Arogundade FA, Balogun RA Tags: Clin Nephrol Source Type: research

The Brain in Kidney Disease (BRINK) Cohort Study: Design and Baseline Cognitive Function
Conclusions Cognitive function was significantly worse in participants with eGFRs<30mL/min/1.73m2. Future BRINK analyses will measure risk factors for cognitive decline using the longitudinal data.
Source: American Journal of Kidney Diseases - January 11, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Multicentre randomized controlled trial of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker withdrawal in advanced renal disease: the STOP-ACEi trial
Background Blood pressure (BP) control and reduction of urinary protein excretion using agents that block the renin–angiotensin aldosterone system are the mainstay of therapy for chronic kidney disease (CKD). Research has confirmed the benefits in mild CKD, but data on angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) use in advanced CKD are lacking. In the STOP-ACEi trial, we aim to confirm preliminary findings which suggest that withdrawal of ACEi/ARB treatment can stabilize or even improve renal function in patients with advanced progressive CKD. Methods The STOP-ACEi trial (tri...
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - January 25, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Bhandari, S., Ives, N., Brettell, E. A., Valente, M., Cockwell, P., Topham, P. S., Cleland, J. G., Khwaja, A., El Nahas, M. Tags: Chronic Kidney Disease Source Type: research

Long-term effects following 4 years of randomized treatment with atorvastatin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus on hemodialysis
The 4D (Die Deutsche Diabetes Dialyse) Study was a randomized, double-blind trial comparing 4 years of treatment with atorvastatin to placebo in 1255 hemodialysis patients with type 2 diabetes. The primary end point of cardiovascular events (cardiac death, myocardial infarction, and stroke) was non-significantly reduced by 8%. However, long-term effects remained uncertain. Therefore, surviving patients were invited to a follow-up survey done by questionnaire. Post-trial statin therapy was at nephrologist discretion, and outcomes were centrally adjudicated and analyzed by intention to treat and time to first event in the or...
Source: Kidney International - February 17, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Vera Krane, Kay-Renke Schmidt, Lena J. Gutjahr-Lengsfeld, Johannes F.E. Mann, Winfried März, Florian Swoboda, Christoph Wanner, 4D Study Investigators (the German Diabetes and Dialysis Study Investigators) Tags: Clinical Trial Source Type: research

Effects of blood pressure on renal and cardiovascular outcomes in Asian patients with type 2 diabetes and overt nephropathy: a post hoc analysis (ORIENT-blood pressure)
Conclusion In Asian type 2 diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease and heavy proteinuria, reduction of SBP ≤ 130 mmHg was associated with greater renoprotection than cardioprotection. However, our results emphasize the need to individualize BP targets in type 2 diabetes.
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - February 22, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Imai, E., Ito, S., Haneda, M., Harada, A., Kobayashi, F., Yamasaki, T., Makino, H., Chan, J. C. N. Tags: Chronic Kidney Disease Source Type: research

APOL1 nephropathy risk variants are associated with altered high-density lipoprotein profiles in African Americans
Conclusions Greater numbers of APOL1 G1/G2 risk alleles were associated with higher small HDL particle concentrations in African Americans. These results may suggest novel areas of investigation to uncover reasons for the association between APOL1 risk variants with adverse outcomes in African Americans.
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - March 22, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Gutierrez, O. M., Judd, S. E., Irvin, M. R., Zhi, D., Limdi, N., Palmer, N. D., Rich, S. S., Sale, M. M., Freedman, B. I. Tags: Chronic Kidney Disease Source Type: research

Association of Reduced eGFR and Albuminuria with Serious Fall Injuries among Older Adults.
CONCLUSIONS: Elevated ACR but not lower eGFR was associated with serious fall injuries. Evaluation for fall risk factors and fall prevention strategies should be considered for older adults with elevated ACR. PMID: 27091516 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN - April 17, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Bowling CB, Bromfield SG, Colantonio LD, Gutiérrez OM, Shimbo D, Reynolds K, Wright NC, Curtis JR, Judd SE, Franch H, Warnock DG, McClellan W, Muntner P Tags: Clin J Am Soc Nephrol Source Type: research

Race/Ethnicity and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Adults With CKD: Findings From the CRIC (Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort) and Hispanic CRIC Studies
Conclusions There were no significant racial/ethnic differences in adjusted risk for atherosclerotic or heart failure outcomes. Future research is needed to better explain the reduced risk for atherosclerotic events or death in non-Hispanic blacks compared with non-Hispanic whites.
Source: American Journal of Kidney Diseases - May 19, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Defining end-stage renal disease in clinical trials: a framework for adjudication
Unlike definition of stroke and myocardial infarction, there is no uniformly agreed upon definition to adjudicate end-stage renal disease (ESRD). ESRD remains the most unambiguous and clinically relevant end point for clinical trialists, regulators, payers and patients with chronic kidney disease. The prescription of dialysis to patients with advanced chronic kidney disease is subjective and great variations exist among physicians and countries. Given the difficulties in diagnosing ESRD, the presence of estimated GFR <15 mL/min/1.7 3m2 itself has been suggested as an end point. However, this definition is still a surrog...
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - May 22, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Agarwal, R. Tags: IDEAS, CONJECTURES AND REFUTATIONS Source Type: research

Sp301 * prognosis following ischaemic stroke in people with chronic kidney disease: a cohort study of 650 people
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - May 13, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Masson, P., Kelly, P. J., Maguire, J., Craig, J. C., Lindley, R. I., Webster, A. C. Tags: CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE. CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY - 1 Source Type: research

Mp200 * the impact of acute kidney injury on in-hospital mortality in acute ischemic stroke patients undergoing intravenous thrombolysis
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - May 13, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Gadalean, F., Simu, M., Joikits, R., Parv, F., Marc, L., Petrica, L., Timar, R., Bob, F., Mihaescu, A., Timar, B., Schiller, A. Tags: ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY. CLINICAL - 2 Source Type: research