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Nutrition: Sodium

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Total 159 results found since Jan 2013.

Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors: Impact on Atherosclerosis and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Events
Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) improve the risk for heart and kidney failure. However, their effects on major atherosclerotic cardiovascular events (MACE) are less clear. Although outcomes trials of drugs for diabetes were not powered to prove superiority, the totality of trial data yields an estimate of ∼11% relative reduction for MACE (HR 0.89, 95%CI 0.82–0.96) and neutral on stroke (HR 0.92, 95%CI 0.79–1.08). In animal models, SGLT-2i favorably affects plaque size, composition, and inflammatory pathways; human data in this regard are lacking. Ongoing trials are evaluating SGLT-2i efficacy i n ...
Source: Heart Failure Clinics - October 1, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Adam J. Nelson, Josephine L. Harrington, Ahmed A. Kolkailah, Neha J. Pagidipati, Darren K. McGuire Source Type: research

Ocular Migraine With Amaurosis Fugax of the Left Eye: A Case Report
Cureus. 2022 Aug 22;14(8):e28272. doi: 10.7759/cureus.28272. eCollection 2022 Aug.ABSTRACTIn amaurosis fugax, there is a sudden loss of vision in one eye. Patients gain their vision after a few minutes. The most common underlying cause is atherosclerosis of the internal carotid artery. Other underlying causes include vasospasm of the internal carotid artery, which leads to hypoperfusion and is seen in vasculitis, ocular migraines, and systemic lupus erythematosus. In this case study, a 44-year-old male with a past medical history of migraine with aura presented to the emergency room with transient vision loss in the left e...
Source: Atherosclerosis - September 26, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Faria Tazin Harendra Kumar Muhammad A Israr Camille Celeste Go Source Type: research

Effects of salt substitutes on clinical outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Conclusions The beneficial effects of salt substitutes on blood pressure across geographies and populations were consistent. Blood pressure-mediated protective effects on clinical outcomes are likely to be generalisable across population subgroups and to countries worldwide. Trial registration number CRD42020161077.
Source: Heart - September 26, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Yin, X., Rodgers, A., Perkovic, A., Huang, L., Li, K.-C., Yu, J., Wu, Y., Wu, J. H. Y., Marklund, M., Huffman, M. D., Miranda, J. J., Di Tanna, G. L., Labarthe, D., Elliott, P., Tian, M., Neal, B. Tags: Press releases Cardiac risk factors and prevention Source Type: research

Increased ionized calcium-magnesium-ratio in elderly hypertensives - relationship to artheriosclerosis
CONCLUSIONS: As described earlier, a magnesium deficiency can be involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension and in elderly.The increased calcium-magnesium-ratio is also a pathogenetic factor for artheriosclerosis often found in elderly hypertensives with vascular damage, e.g. stroke, renal insufficiency or heart disease.PMID:36026911 | DOI:10.1097/01.hjh.0000836640.98666.86
Source: Atherosclerosis - August 26, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kisters Kisters Klaus Kisters Lukas Gremmler Bernhard Sprenger Jutta Gr öber Uwe Source Type: research

Effects of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors on Cardiovascular Events, Stroke, and Mortality in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Source: Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy - August 26, 2022 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Reply to “GLP1RA versus SGLT2i tended to have more favorable ischemic outcomes including stroke?”
We appreciated Du et al.'s valuable comments on our recent study. [1] As described by the author, the reduced trend of a composite ischemic outcome in the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1RA) group, compared to the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) group, was mainly derived by acute coronary syndrome (ACS). However, despite the lack of statistical significance due to the low event rates, it was noted that the annualized rates (per 100 person-year) for each component of ischemic events were lower in the GLP1RA group than SGLT2i group: ACS 0.25 vs.
Source: International Journal of Cardiology - August 23, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: In-Chang Hwang, Chee Hae Kim Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

GLP1RA versus SGLT2i tended to have more favorable ischemic outcomes including stroke?
In Kim and colleagues' article [1] reporting a retrospective cohort study aiming to assess the cardiorenal benefits of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) versus glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1RA) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), one main conclusion is that GLP1RA tended to have more favorable ischemic outcomes. To some extent, this conclusion is exaggerated because GLP1RA and SGLT2i had the similar risks of coronary revascularization and stroke according to the main results of this article.
Source: International Journal of Cardiology - July 12, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Lixin Du, Yu Zhang, Pan Wang, Zhigang Li, Yunhui Zhao, Jianpeng Yuan Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Effect of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter Inhibitors on Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events and Hospitalization for Heart Failure in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Atrial Fibrillation
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have been shown to lower cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and high cardiovascular risks. Here, we aimed to evaluate the effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), a composite of cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, or ischemic stroke and hospitalization for heart failure in patients with T2DM and atrial fibrillation (AF). Using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, we identified 40,268 patients with T2DM and AF who were newly prescribed oral hypoglycemic drugs ...
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - July 7, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Chang Hee Kwon, Ye-Jee Kim, Min-Ju Kim, Myung-Jin Cha, Min Soo Cho, Gi-Byoung Nam, Kee-Joon Choi, Jun Kim Source Type: research

Putative protective effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors on atrial fibrillation through risk factor modulation and off-target actions: potential mechanisms and future directions
Atrial fibrillation, the most common cardiac arrhythmia, results in substantial morbidity and mortality related to its increased risks of stroke, heart failure, and impaired cognitive function. The incidence a...
Source: Cardiovascular Diabetology - June 28, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Syona S Shetty and Andrew Krumerman Tags: Review Source Type: research

Impaired renal function and mortalities in acute heart failure with different phenotypes
ConclusionsOn-admission IRF was independently predictive of long-term mortality in patients hospitalized for HF, irrespective of HF phenotypes. Furthermore, IRF was also associated with short-term mortality in HFrEF and HFmrEF, but not in HFpEF.
Source: ESC Heart Failure - June 17, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Wei ‐Ming Huang, Hao‐Chih Chang, Ching‐Wei Lee, Chi‐Jung Huang, Wen‐Chung Yu, Hao‐Min Cheng, Chao‐Yu Guo, Chern‐En Chiang, Chen‐Huan Chen, Shih‐Hsien Sung Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Differential cardiovascular and renal benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP1 receptor agonists in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Background:The differential benefits of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1RA) in cardiovascular or renal outcomes have not been fully investigated.Methods: Patients with diabetes prescribed SGLT2i or GLP1RA were retrospectively identified. Patients treated with antihyperglycemic medications other than SGLT2i or GLP1RA were used as a control group. Primary outcomes were composite ischemic events (acute coronary syndrome, coronary revascularization, and stroke) and a composite of heart failure and renal events (hospitalization for heart failure, renal death,...
Source: International Journal of Cardiology - June 14, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Chee Hae Kim, In-Chang Hwang, Hong-Mi Choi, Chang Ho Ahn, Yeonyee E. Yoon, Goo-Yeong Cho Source Type: research

Cardiorenal mechanisms of action of glucagon-like-peptide-1 receptor agonists and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors
Med (N Y). 2021 Nov 12;2(11):1203-1230. doi: 10.1016/j.medj.2021.10.004.ABSTRACTCardiovascular and renal outcome trials (CVOTs) for glucagon-like-peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1RA) and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) highlight new options for people with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D). Drugs within these classes reduce rates of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), with SGLT2i simultaneously attenuating decline in kidney function. SGLT2i reduce rates of heart failure in people with and without T2D, whereas GLP1RA lower rates of myocardial infarction and stroke in people with T2D with or withou...
Source: Atherosclerosis - May 19, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: David Z I Cherney Jacob A Udell Daniel J Drucker Source Type: research

The Role of Combined SGLT1/SGLT2 Inhibition in Reducing the Incidence of Stroke and Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
ConclusionsThe role of SGLT1/2 inhibition as an addition to GLP-1 RAs in patients with and without T2DM at increased risk for MI and stroke requires further study. Regardless, the finding that a relative increase in SGLT1/2 inhibition reduces the risk of MI and stroke as well as hospitalizations and urgent visits for heart failure could improve quality of life and reduce the healthcare burden associated with T2DM.
Source: Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy - May 19, 2022 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Fabrication of Customizable Intraplaque Hemorrhage Phantoms for Magnetic Resonance Imaging
CONCLUSIONS: The cylindrical IPH phantom accurately modeled the short T1 time characteristic of methemoglobin-laden IPH, with the IPH sites exhibiting little variation in imaging properties over 31 days. Furthermore, MPRAGE images of the anatomical atherosclerosis replicas closely matched those of clinical plaques. In combination, these phantoms will allow for IPH imaging protocol standardization and thus facilitate future multicenter IPH imaging.PMID:35486294 | DOI:10.1007/s11307-022-01722-4
Source: Atherosclerosis - April 29, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Matteo A Bomben Alan R Moody James M Drake Naomi Matsuura Source Type: research

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