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Insulin resistance in ischemic stroke: Mechanisms and therapeutic approaches
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022 Dec 15;13:1092431. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1092431. eCollection 2022.ABSTRACTThe pathological condition of insulin resistance prevents the neuroprotective effects of insulin. Numerous studies have demonstrated that insulin resistance, as an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke, accelerates the formation of thrombosis and promotes the development of atherosclerosis, both of which are major mechanisms of ischemic stroke. Additionally, insulin resistance negatively affects the prognosis of patients with ischemic stroke regardless of whether the patient has diabetes, but the mechanisms ...
Source: Atherosclerosis - January 2, 2023 Category: Cardiology Authors: Peng-Fei Ding Hua-Sheng Zhang Jie Wang Yong-Yue Gao Jian-Nan Mao Chun-Hua Hang Wei Li Source Type: research

Dietary Meat, Trimethylamine N-Oxide-Related Metabolites, and Incident Cardiovascular Disease Among Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study
CONCLUSIONS: In this large, community-based cohort, higher meat intake associated with incident ASCVD, partly mediated by microbiota-derived metabolites of L-carnitine, abundant in red meat. These novel findings support biochemical links between dietary meat, gut microbiome pathways, and ASCVD.PMID:35912635 | DOI:10.1161/ATVBAHA.121.316533
Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology - August 1, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Meng Wang Zeneng Wang Yujin Lee Heidi T M Lai Marcia C de Oliveira Otto Rozenn N Lemaitre Amanda Fretts Nona Sotoodehnia Matthew Budoff Joseph A DiDonato Barbara McKnight W H Wilson Tang Bruce M Psaty David S Siscovick Stanley L Hazen Dariush Mozaffarian Source Type: research

Differentiating Associations of Glycemic Traits with Atherosclerotic and Thrombotic Outcomes: Mendelian Randomization Investigation
Diabetes. 2022 May 2:db210905. doi: 10.2337/db21-0905. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTWe conducted a Mendelian randomization analysis to differentiate associations of four glycemic indicators with a broad range of atherosclerotic and thrombotic diseases. Independent genetic variants associated with fasting glucose (FG), 2-h glucose after an oral glucose challenge (2hGlu), fasting insulin (FI), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) at the genome-wide significance threshold were used as instrumental variables. Summary-level data for 12 atherosclerotic and 4 thrombotic outcomes were obtained from large genetic consortia and the Finn...
Source: Atherosclerosis - May 2, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Shuai Yuan Amy M Mason Stephen Burgess Susanna C Larsson Source Type: research

Short- and Long-term cardiovascular outcomes in insulin-treated versus non-insulin-treated diabetes mellitus patients after percutaneous coronary intervention: a systematic review and meta-analysis
CONCLUSION: Despite a tremendous technical success rate of multi-vessel stenting, people living with diabetes who were being treated with insulin had higher long-term, and short-term mortality rates, MI, TLR, TVR, and stroke compared to people living with diabetes who were being treated with means other than insulin and are more prone to detrimental cardiovascular outcomes.PMID:34906538 | DOI:10.1016/j.ihj.2021.12.004
Source: Indian Heart J - December 15, 2021 Category: Cardiology Authors: Wardah Hassan Javeria Saquib Mahima Khatri Syeda Kanza Kazmi Sohny Kotak Hani Hassan Jawad Ahmed Source Type: research

Triglyceride-Glucose Index as a Surrogate Marker of Insulin Resistance for Predicting Cardiovascular Outcomes in Nondiabetic Patients with Non-ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.
CONCLUSIONS: The TyG index is an independent risk predictor for adverse cardiovascular events in nondiabetic subjects diagnosed with NSTE-ACS and who received elective PCI. Further prospective studies are needed to verify these findings. PMID: 33191314 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis - November 17, 2020 Category: Cardiology Tags: J Atheroscler Thromb Source Type: research

Dietary Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load in Relation to Atherosclerotic Stenosis of Carotid and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Ischemic Stroke Patients.
CONCLUSION: Higher GI and GL were positively associated with a higher degree of carotid stenosis in these Chinese cerebral infarction patients, especially in younger patients and women. PMID: 32147606 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis - March 11, 2020 Category: Cardiology Tags: J Atheroscler Thromb Source Type: research

Force Sensing by Piezo Channels in Cardiovascular Health and Disease.
Abstract Mechanical forces are fundamental in cardiovascular biology, and deciphering the mechanisms by which they act remains a testing frontier in cardiovascular research. Here, we raise awareness of 2 recently discovered proteins, Piezo1 and Piezo2, which assemble as transmembrane triskelions to combine exquisite force sensing with regulated calcium influx. There is emerging evidence for their importance in endothelial shear stress sensing and secretion, NO generation, vascular tone, angiogenesis, atherosclerosis, vascular permeability and remodeling, blood pressure regulation, insulin sensitivity, exercise per...
Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology - September 18, 2019 Category: Cardiology Authors: Beech DJ, Kalli AC Tags: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol Source Type: research

Relation between high sensitivity c-reactive protein(hs-CRP) and thromboembolic risk markers assessed by echocardiography in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation(NVAF)
ConclusionHigh-sensitivity C-reactive protein( hs-CRP) ≥4.5 mg/dl level is suggested as inflammatory marker to predict the risk of thromboembolism in patients with non-valvular AF.
Source: Journal of Indian College of Cardiology - November 27, 2018 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

A High-Fat and High-Cholesterol Diet Induces Cardiac Fibrosis, Vascular Endothelial, and Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction in SHRSP5/Dmcr Rats.
CONCLUSIONS: SHRSP5/Dmcr rats may be a suitable animal model for elucidating the organ interaction between NASH and cardiac or vascular dysfunction. PMID: 29162773 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis - November 23, 2017 Category: Cardiology Tags: J Atheroscler Thromb Source Type: research

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