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Total 1739 results found since Jan 2013.

Exertional heat stroke leads to concurrent long-term epigenetic memory, immunosuppression and altered heat shock response in female mice.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. PMID: 33037634 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Journal of Physiology - October 9, 2020 Category: Physiology Authors: Murray KO, Brant JO, Iwaniec JD, Sheikh LH, de Carvalho L, Garcia CK, Robinson GP, Alzahrani J, Riva A, Laitano O, Kladde MP, Clanton TL Tags: J Physiol Source Type: research

Characterization of the Blood Brain Barrier Disruption in the Photothrombotic Stroke Model
Blood brain barrier (BBB) damage is an important pathophysiological feature of ischemic stroke which significantly contributes to development of severe brain injury and therefore is an interesting target for therapeutic intervention. A popular permanent occlusion model to study long term recovery following stroke is the photothrombotic model, which so far has not been anatomically characterized for BBB leakage beyond the acute phase. Here, we observed enhanced BBB permeability over a time course of 3 weeks in peri-infarct and core regions of the ischemic cortex. Slight increases in BBB permeability could also be seen in th...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - November 12, 2020 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Hyperbaric oxygen and focused rehabilitation program: a feasibility study in improving upper limb motor function after stroke
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Neuroplasticity and recovery after stroke can be enhanced by a rehabilitation program pertinent to upper limb motor function exercise and mental imagery (EMI) as well as hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT). We assessed feasibility and safety of the combined approach utilizing both HBOT and EMI, and to derive preliminary estimates of its efficacy. In this randomized controlled trial, 27 patients with upper extremity hemiparesis at 3 –48 months after stroke were randomized to receive either a complementary rehabilitation program of HBOT-EMI (intervention group), o...
Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism - June 23, 2020 Category: Physiology Authors: S. Schiavo D. Richardson D. Santa Mina S. Buryk-Iggers J. Uehling J. Carroll H. Clarke C. Djaiani M. Gershinsky R. Katznelson Source Type: research

Cardiac Stroke Volume Index Is Associated With Early Neurological Improvement in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients
Early neurological improvement as assessed with the NIH stroke scale (NIHSS) at 24 h has been associated with improved long-term functional outcomes following acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Cardiac dysfunction is often present in AIS, but its association with outcomes is incompletely defined. We performed a pilot study to evaluate the association between non-invasively measured cardiac parameters and 24-h neurological improvement in prospectively enrolled patients with suspected AIS who presented within 12 h of symptom-onset and had an initial systolic blood pressure>140 mm Hg. Patients receiving thrombolytic therapy or m...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - November 18, 2021 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Understanding the Role of Propulsion in the Prediction of Front-Crawl Swimming Velocity and in the Relationship Between Stroke Frequency and Stroke Length
Conclusion: Swimming velocity was predicted by an interaction of anthropometrics, kinematics, and kinetics. Faster velocities in young sprinters of both sexes were achieved by an optimal combination of SF–SL. The same trend was shown by the propulsion data. The highest propulsion was not necessarily associated with higher velocity achievement.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 27, 2022 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Effects of kinesio taping therapy on gait and surface electromyography in stroke patients with hemiplegia
Conclusion: KT treatment is effective in altering gait and SEMG characteristics in stroke patients with hemiplegia.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - November 30, 2022 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Stroke and physiological relationships during the incremental front crawl test: outcomes for planning and pacing aerobic training
Conclusion: SL and SR exhibited a distinctive pattern for the V̇O2 response as swimming velocity increased. Furthermore, the influence of SL on GET, RCP, and V̇O2max suggests that SLslope serves as the metabolic reference of heavy exercise intensity, beyond which the stroke profile defines an exercise zone with high cost, which is recommended for an anaerobic threshold and aerobic power training. In turn, the observed difference between V̇O2 at SRslope and GET suggests that the range of velocities between SL and SR slopes ensures an economical pace, which might be recommended to develop long-term endurance. The results ...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - August 14, 2023 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Protein Nitration Impairs Myogenic Tone of Rat Middle Cerebral Arteries in Both Ischemic and Nonischemic Hemispheres after Ischemic Stroke.
Conclusion: Ischemia/reperfusion injury impairs vessel reactivity in both hemispheres via nitration. We suggest that sham animals rather than nonischemic side should be used as a control in preclinical stroke studies. PMID: 24097431 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology - October 4, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: Coucha M, Li W, Johnson M, Fagan SC, Ergul A Tags: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol Source Type: research

The relationship between longitudinal, lateral and septal contribution to stroke volume in patients with pulmonary regurgitation and healthy volunteers.
Discussion: PR-patients have decreased longitudinal contribution to RVSV and increased lateral pumping, resulting in larger outer volume changes and septal motion towards the RV. The changes in RV pumping physiology in PR-patients may be explained by RV remodelling resulting in lower systolic inflow of blood into the right atrium in relation to SV. This reduces pendulum volume between caval veins and right atrium. Decreased dependence of atrioventricular plane motion to right ventricular stroke volume suggests that the tricuspid annular excursion (TAPSE), as a marker of RV function, is less valid in these patients. PM...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology - January 17, 2014 Category: Physiology Authors: Stephensen SS, Steding-Ehrenborg K, Munkhammar P, Heiberg E, Arheden H, Carlsson M Tags: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol Source Type: research

Heart rate variability and stroke volume variability to detect central hypovolemia during spontaneous breathing and supported ventilation in young, healthy volunteers
Cardiovascular oscillations exist in many different variables and may give important diagnostic and prognostic information in patients. Variability in cardiac stroke volume (SVV) is used in clinical practice for diagnosis of hypovolemia, but currently is limited to patients on mechanical ventilation. We investigated if SVV and heart rate variability (HRV) could detect central hypovolemia in spontaneously breathing humans: We also compared cardiovascular variability during spontaneous breathing with supported mechanical ventilation. Ten subjects underwent simulated central hypovolemia by lower body negative pressure (...
Source: Physiological Measurement - March 23, 2015 Category: Physiology Authors: Maja Elstad and Lars Walløe Source Type: research

In vivo bioimpedance changes during haemorrhagic and ischaemic stroke in rats: towards 3D stroke imaging using electrical impedance tomography
Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) could be used as a portable non-invasive means to image the development of ischaemic stroke or haemorrhage. The purpose of this study was to examine if this was possible using time difference imaging, in the anesthetised rat using 40 spring-loaded scalp electrodes with applied constant currents of 50–150 μ A at 2 kHz. Impedance changes in the largest 10% of electrode combinations were  −12.8%  ±  12.0% over the first 10 min for haemorrhage and  +46.1%  ±  37.2% over one hour for ischaemic stroke (mean  ±  SD, n   =  7 in each gro...
Source: Physiological Measurement - May 18, 2016 Category: Physiology Authors: T Dowrick, C Blochet and D Holder Source Type: research

Cardiac remodeling and increased central venous pressure underlie elevated stroke volume and cardiac output of seawater-acclimated rainbow trout.
Abstract Substantial increases in cardiac output (CO), stroke volume (SV) and gastrointestinal blood flow are essential for euryhaline rainbow trout (Oncorhyncus mykiss) osmoregulating in seawater. However, the underlying hemodynamic mechanisms responsible for these changes are unknown. By examining a range of circulatory and cardiac morphological variables of seawater- and freshwater-acclimated rainbow trout, the present study revealed a significantly higher central venous pressure (CVP) in seawater-acclimated trout (~0.09 vs. -0.02 kPa). This serves to increase cardiac end-diastolic volume in seawater and explai...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology - November 29, 2016 Category: Physiology Authors: Brijs J, Sandblom E, Dekens E, Näslund J, Ekström A, Axelsson M Tags: Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol Source Type: research

Pretreatment with indomethacin results in increased heat stroke severity during recovery in a rodent model of heat stroke
It has been suggested that medications can increase heat stroke (HS) susceptibility/severity. We investigated whether the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) indomethacin (INDO) increases HS severity in a rodent model. Core temperature (Tc) of male, C57BL/6J mice (n = 45) was monitored continuously, and mice were given a dose of INDO [low dose (LO) 1 mg/kg or high dose (HI) 5 mg/kg in flavored treat] or vehicle (flavored treat) before heating. HS animals were heated to 42.4°C and euthanized at three time points for histological, molecular, and metabolic analysis: onset of HS [maximal core temperature (Tc,Max)],...
Source: Journal of Applied Physiology - September 6, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Audet, G. N., Dineen, S. M., Stewart, D. A., Plamper, M. L., Pathmasiri, W. W., McRitchie, S. L., Sumner, S. J., Leon, L. R. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

Acute mitogen activated protein kinase 1/2 inhibition improves functional recovery and vascular changes after ischemic stroke in rat ‐ monitored by 9.4 T Magnetic Resonance Imaging
ConclusionEarly MEK1/2 inhibition improves long‐term functional outcome, promotes recovery processes after stroke and most importantly provides a realistic time window for therapy.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Acta Physiologica - October 21, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Maryam Mostajeran, Friedrich Wetterling, Frank W Blixt, Lars Edvinsson, Saema Ansar Tags: Regular Paper Source Type: research

Hyperbaric oxygenation and 20 ‐hydroxyeicosatetreanoic acid inhibition reduce stroke volume in female diabetic Sprague–Dawley rats
New Findings What is the central question of this study? Is there a beneficial effect and what are the mechanisms of acute and multiple hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO2) exposures on the outcome of cerebral tissue injury induced by a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion model in diabetic female rats? Are 20‐hydroxyeicosatetreanoic acid and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids involved? What is the main finding and its importance? Equal reduction of cortical and total infarct size in rats treated with HBO2 and HET0016 (20‐hydroxyeicosatetreanoic acid production inhibitor) and significant mRNA upregulation of epoxyeicosatrienoic...
Source: Experimental Physiology - November 2, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Mihael Mi šir, Marija Renić, Sanja Novak, Martina Mihalj, Anita Ćosić, Monika Vesel, Ines Drenjančević Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research