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Association of alcohol consumption with prognosis of ischemic stroke by subtype in different follow-up periods: a hospital-based study in China.
CONCLUSIONS: Previous alcohol consumption decreased the risk of death at 3 months after stroke among patients with atherothrombotic stroke according to the TOAST classification. Furthermore, for patients with small artery disease (according to TOAST classification), alcohol consumption significantly decreased the risk of recurrence and dependency at 12 months after stroke. This study highlights an urgent need to quantify the association of alcohol consumption with outcomes after stroke in China to improve stroke prognosis. PMID: 33522353 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Postgraduate Medicine - February 3, 2021 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Postgrad Med Source Type: research

Sex-specific cardiac and vascular responses to hypertension in Chinese populations without overt cardiovascular diseases.
CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the current study indicates cardiac and vascular responses to hypertension are greater in women than in men, manifesting as an increased estimated LV filling pressure and arterial elastance in women. PMID: 33032484 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Postgraduate Medicine - October 11, 2020 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Postgrad Med Source Type: research

The case for adding eicosapentaenoic acid (icosapent ethyl) to the ABCs of cardiovascular disease prevention.
Authors: Trivedi K, Le V, Nelson JR Abstract The high-purity eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) prescription fish oil-derived omega-3 fatty acid (omega-3), icosapent ethyl (IPE), was recently approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention in high-risk patients. This approval is based on the 25% CVD event risk reduction observed with IPE in the pre-specified primary composite endpoint (cardiovascular [CV] death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, coronary revascularization, or hospitalization for unstable angina) in the landmark Reduction of Cardio...
Source: Postgraduate Medicine - August 13, 2020 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Postgrad Med Source Type: research

The clinical significance of isolated diastolic hypertension.
Authors: Chrysant SG Abstract The prevalence of isolated diastolic hypertension (IDH) has been increased in hypertensive subjects with the new 2017 ACC/AHA blood pressure treatment guidelines to 6.5% from 1.3% by the JNC-7 guidelines. However, its clinical significance as a cause of adverse cardiovascular (CV) events especially in older subjects has been debated by several investigators, who have demonstrated no adverse CV effects of untreated IDH, but not by other. It is also more common in the young subjects who are at low CV risk and quite rare in the older subjects, who are at increased CV risk. Treatment of ID...
Source: Postgraduate Medicine - July 1, 2020 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Postgrad Med Source Type: research

Contemporary Prevalence and Risk Factors of Carotid Artery Stenosis in Asymptomatic Low-Income Chinese Individuals: A Population-based Study.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the prevalence of CAS remains high in low-income individuals. Male sex, older age, current drinking, diabetes, and high levels of LDL-C, SBP, and FBG increase the risk of CAS. Thus, to prevent cerebrovascular disease and reduce the severe disease-associated burden for low-income individuals, there is a definitive need to control the risk factors of CAS. PMID: 32590917 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Postgraduate Medicine - June 28, 2020 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Postgrad Med Source Type: research

Outcome Differences between Carotid artery stenting (CAS) and Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) in Postoperative Ventricular Arrhythmia, Neurological Complications and In-Hospital Mortality.
Conclusions: In short-term outcomes, CEA was associated with lower risk of postoperative ventricular arrhythmia, neurological complications, in-hospital mortality, and lower cost as compared with CAS. PMID: 32396028 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Postgraduate Medicine - May 14, 2020 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Postgrad Med Source Type: research

The association between serum uric acid levels and ischemic stroke in essential hypertension patients.
Conclusions: SUA was an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke, and also have a good predictive value ischemic stroke among hypertensive patients in Chinese community. PMID: 32303139 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Postgraduate Medicine - April 19, 2020 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Postgrad Med Source Type: research

Determinants of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Asymptomatic Elders: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study in Rural China.
Discussion: These findings suggest that there is an urgent need to delay atherosclerosis progression and reduce the stroke burden by managing hypertension, especially for men. Moreover, to decrease the stroke burden in rural China, caution is advised regarding lipid-lowering treatment in elderly patients without MetS. PMID: 32297560 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Postgraduate Medicine - April 18, 2020 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Postgrad Med Source Type: research

Diabetes mellitus is associated with high sleep-time systolic blood pressure and non-dipping pattern.
Conclusion: DM is independently associated with suboptimal 24-hour BP control. This association is mainly attributed to a high sleep-time systolic BP. PMID: 32208051 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Postgraduate Medicine - March 26, 2020 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Postgrad Med Source Type: research

Factors associated with renal impairment in Chinese patients with non-valvular AF and without an established renal disease: a cross-sectional study.
Conclusions: Renal dysfunction is highly prevalent in Chinese NVAF patients and is significantly associated with older age, non-paroxysmal AF, use of ACEI/ARB, congestive heart failure, LVEF <50% and prior TIA/stroke/SE. Further studies on the mechanisms by which these risk factors affect renal function in NVAF patients need to be conducted. PMID: 32174239 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Postgraduate Medicine - March 18, 2020 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Postgrad Med Source Type: research

Linagliptin in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular and/or renal disease: results from a cardiovascular and renal outcomes trial.
Authors: Guthrie R Abstract Review of:Rosenstock J, Perkovic V, Johansen, OE, et al. Effect of linagliptin vs placebo on major cardiovascular events in adults with type 2 diabetes and high cardiovascular and renal risk: the CARMELINA randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2019;321:69-79.McGuire DK, Alexander JH, Johansen OE, et al. Linagliptin effects on heart failure and related outcomes in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus at high cardiovascular and renal risk in CARMELINA. Circulation. 2019;139:351-361.These two papers describe the findings from the CARMELINA trial (Cardiovascular and Renal Microvascular Outco...
Source: Postgraduate Medicine - March 15, 2020 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Postgrad Med Source Type: research

A nonlinear association between resting heart rate and ischemic stroke among community elderly hypertensive patients.
Conclusions: In Chinese elderly hypertensive patients, elevated resting heart rate was an independent predictor of ischemic stroke, and the optimal resting heart rate was around 70bpm. PMID: 31829063 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Postgraduate Medicine - December 13, 2019 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Postgrad Med Source Type: research

Alzheimer's dementia: pathogenesis and impact of cardiovascular risk factors on cognitive decline.
Authors: Wanleenuwat P, Iwanowski P, Kozubski W Abstract Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia manifesting as alterations in cognitive abilities, behavior and deterioration in memory which is progressive, leading to gradual worsening of symptoms. Major pathological features of AD are accumulations of neuronal amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, with early lesions appearing primarily in the hippocampus, the area of the brain involved in memory and learning. Cardiovascular related risk factors are believed to play a crucial role in disease development and the acceleration of cognitive ...
Source: Postgraduate Medicine - August 21, 2019 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Postgrad Med Source Type: research

Glycemia management in acute Ischemic stroke: current concepts and novel therapeutic targets.
Authors: Palaiodimou L, Lioutas VA, Lambadiari V, Paraskevas GP, Voumvourakis K, Tsivgoulis G Abstract Hyperglycemia on hospital admission is a common phenomenon in acute ischemic stroke patients and represents an independent predictor of poor clinical outcome with or without acute recanalization therapies (systemic thrombolysis or mechanical thrombectomy). Effective restoration of normoglycemia is considered to be beneficial, but conclusive evidence from randomized-controlled clinical trials and specific recommendations are lacking. In addition, aggressive glucose control can be complicated by hypoglycemia leading...
Source: Postgraduate Medicine - August 8, 2019 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Postgrad Med Source Type: research

The eicosapentaenoic acid:arachidonic acid ratio and its clinical utility in cardiovascular disease.
Authors: Nelson JR, Raskin S Abstract Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is a key anti-inflammatory/anti-aggregatory long-chain polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acid. Conversely, the omega-6 fatty acid, arachidonic acid (AA) is a precursor to a number of pro-inflammatory/pro-aggregatory mediators. EPA acts competitively with AA for the key cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase enzymes to form less inflammatory products. As a result, the EPA:AA ratio may be a marker of chronic inflammation, with a lower ratio corresponding to higher levels of inflammation. It is now well established that inflammation plays an important role in card...
Source: Postgraduate Medicine - May 9, 2019 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Postgrad Med Source Type: research

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