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Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes syndrome: a case report from Nepal
Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2023 May 3;85(6):3026-3030. doi: 10.1097/MS9.0000000000000712. eCollection 2023 Jun.ABSTRACTMitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like syndrome (MELAS) is a rare neurodegenerative inherited disorder that is characterized by stroke-like episodes, seizures, endocrine, and multiple system involvement. It is important to consider it as a differential diagnosis in a young patient with stroke-like episodes as it is progressive and has multiple complications.CASE PRESENTATION: A 28-year-old male presented with slurring of speech and drowsiness for 7 h. He was a diagnosed case of type 2 ...
Source: Annals of Medicine - June 26, 2023 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Ram C Subedi Raju Paudel Sharma Paudel Lekhjung Thapa Subash Phuyal Naresh Kharbuja Ayush Adhikari Source Type: research

Primary Occurrence of Cardiovascular Events After Adding Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors or Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists Compared With Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors: A Cohort Study in Veterans With Diabetes
CONCLUSION: The addition of GLP1RA was associated with primary reductions of MACE and HF hospitalization compared with DPP4i use; SGLT2i addition was not associated with primary MACE prevention.PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: VA Clinical Science Research and Development and supported in part by the Centers for Diabetes Translation Research.PMID:37155984 | DOI:10.7326/M22-2751
Source: Annals of Internal Medicine - May 8, 2023 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Tadarro L Richardson Alese E Halvorson Amber J Hackstadt Adriana M Hung Robert Greevy Carlos G Grijalva Tom A Elasy Christianne L Roumie Source Type: research

Macrovascular disease: pathogenesis and risk assessment
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by obesity and insulin resistance. Macrovascular (cardiovascular) disease (CVD) encompasses myocardial infarction, stroke and peripheral arterial disease. It is caused by atherosclerosis, a complex pathological process that is accelerated in people with diabetes and therefore causes premature morbidity and mortality. Risk is modified by established factors including hypertension and dyslipidaemia (which are linked to underlying insulin resistance), and microalbuminuria/renal impairment as well as cigarette smoking.
Source: Medicine - September 29, 2022 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Sandro Vella, John R. Petrie Tags: Macrovascular disease Source Type: research

Usefulness of Triglyceride-glucose index for detecting prevalent atrial fibrillation in a type 2 diabetic population
CONCLUSION: Our data supported a linear and robust correlation between TyG and the prevalent AF in a diabetic population. Moreover, our results implicated the potential usefulness of TyG to refine the detection of prevalent AF in a diabetic population.PMID:36093727 | DOI:10.1080/00325481.2022.2124088
Source: Postgraduate Medicine - September 12, 2022 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Wenrui Shi Mu Qin Shaohui Wu Kai Xu Qidong Zheng Xu Liu Source Type: research

Acupuncture against the metabolic risk factors for stroke: A systematic review of systematic reviews
Conclusion: This review summarizes the available evidence and underpins findings of the acupuncture exhibited the therapeutic role in eliminating metabolic risk factors for stroke, including systolic blood pressure, weight loss, glycemic index and cholesterol. Acupuncture could have positive effects on a specific symptom, and the effects depend not only on intervention type but also on how and when the intervention is provided. And more prioritizing high-quality research in this field in the future is conducive to guiding clinical practice.
Source: Medicine - September 2, 2022 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Source Type: research

Association between the liver fat score (LFS) and cardiovascular diseases in the national health and nutrition examination survey 1999-2016
CONCLUSIONS: NAFLD is usually asymptomatic, but this large study of a large general population shows that LFS is associated with CHD, CHF, angina pectoris, cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Determining the LFS is worthwhile, as it identifies people with NAFLD, who may also be at increased cardiovascular risk.Key MessagesLiver fat score (LFS), a non-invasive marker of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is associated with coronary heart disease (CHD), congestive heart failure (CHF) and angina.LFS is also associated with increased cardiovascular and all-cause mortality.Determining the LFS is worthwhile as it ide...
Source: Annals of Medicine - June 29, 2021 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Chun-On Lee Hang-Long Li Man-Fung Tsoi Ching-Lung Cheung Bernard Man Yung Cheung Source Type: research

Development and validation of a model for predicting incident type 2 diabetes using quantitative clinical data and a Bayesian logistic model: A nationwide cohort and modeling study
ConclusionsOur results show that a Bayesian logistic model using full-information continuous predictors has high predictive discrimination, and can be used to quantify race- and sex-specific T2D risk, providing a new, powerful predictive tool. This tool can be used for T2D prevention efforts including weight loss therapy by allowing clinicians to target high-risk individuals in a manner that could be used to optimize outcomes.
Source: PLoS Medicine - August 6, 2020 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Lua Wilkinson Source Type: research

Comparative Effectiveness of Glucose-Lowering Drugs for Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.
CONCLUSION: In diabetic patients at low cardiovascular risk, no treatment differs from placebo for vascular outcomes. In patients at increased cardiovascular risk receiving metformin-based background therapy, specific GLP-1 RAs and SGLT-2 inhibitors have a favorable effect on certain cardiovascular outcomes. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes, supported by an unrestricted educational grant from AstraZeneca. (PROSPERO: CRD42019122043). PMID: 32598218 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Annals of Internal Medicine - June 29, 2020 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Tsapas A, Avgerinos I, Karagiannis T, Malandris K, Manolopoulos A, Andreadis P, Liakos A, Matthews DR, Bekiari E Tags: Ann Intern Med Source Type: research

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