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Stewardship for Science and Vaccines
Despite the success of vaccines in the modern world, including the rapid development of the COVID-19 vaccine, my state is now experiencing a large measles outbreak and a decline in immunization rates. At the turn of the century, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention published “Ten Great Public Health Achievements” of the twentieth century in the United States.1 Vaccination topped the list, a national and global success story. Other achievements included improvements in motor-vehicle safety, control of infectious diseases, safer workplaces, decline in deaths from coro nary heart disease and stroke, safer and he...
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - February 24, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Tina L. Cheng Tags: Foreword Source Type: research

What is Ondine ’ s Curse?
Discussion Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS) is an autosomal dominant with variable inheritance genetic disease caused by mutation in the Paired Like Homeobox B2 (PHOX2B) gene on chromosome 4. There are two other genes which may also cause CCHS. CCHS affects the chemoreceptor afferent ventilation pathways and is a neural crest migration problem of the autonomic nervous system. The incidence is unknown but a prevalence of 1 in 200,000 live births has been reported. Obviously it is a rarer phenomenon because of the general lethality of the syndrome. Patients usually present at birth or soon afterwards, but o...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - August 15, 2022 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Pediatric Education Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

What Are the Main Acyanotic Congenital Heart Diseases?
Discussion Congenital heart diseases (CHD) are malformations of the heart and great vessels. It occurs in about 5-8/1000 live births. Cyanotic congenital heart disease is often noted perinatally because of cyanosis, respiratory distress and/or poor feeding or other distress type problems. A review can be found here. Acyanotic congenital heart disease (ACHD) can present at birth but often is seen in older children or adults unless the lesions are severe, especially obstructive lesions. Severe lesions may also cause cyanosis and distress type problems in patients also. Shunting lesions cause problems by diverting blood flo...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - August 17, 2020 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Pediatric Education Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

What Causes Microcephaly?
Discussion Microcephaly is usually defined as an occipitofrontal head circumference (OFC) more than 2 standard deviations (SD) below the mean for sex, age and ethnicity. Severe microcephaly is used for OFC < 3 standard deviations. Rates of microcephaly range from 0.5-12 patients/10,000 live births. The OFC should be measured at every well child visit and at other opportunities and plotted on standard growth charts. The OFC is measured using a nonelastic tape measure around the largest part of the head with the tape measure held above the eyebrows and ears. It is a highly reproducible measurement. There are several diff...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - September 25, 2017 Category: Pediatrics Authors: pediatriceducationmin Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Progress in pediatrics in 2015: choices in allergy, endocrinology, gastroenterology, genetics, haematology, infectious diseases, neonatology, nephrology, neurology, nutrition, oncology and pulmonology
AbstractThis review focuses key advances in different pediatric fields that were published in Italian Journal of Pediatrics and in international journals in 2015. Weaning studies continue to show promise for preventing food allergy. New diagnostic tools are available for identifying the allergic origin of allergic-like symptoms. Advances have been reported in obesity, short stature and autoimmune endocrine disorders. New molecules are offered to reduce weight gain and insulin-resistance in obese children. Regional investigations may provide suggestions for preventing short stature. Epidemiological studies have evidenced th...
Source: Italian Journal of Pediatrics - August 26, 2016 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research

Infection, Vaccination, and Risk of Stroke
Source: AAP Grand Rounds - January 4, 2016 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Millichap, J. G. Tags: Neurology Source Type: research

Prospective surveillance of hospitalisations associated with varicella in New Zealand children
ConclusionVaricella has more associated morbidity than commonly perceived in immunocompetent children. Māori and PI children are more likely to have complications. This surveillance gives support for inclusion of universal varicella vaccine in the NZ NIS.
Source: Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health - June 3, 2015 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Sophie Chien‐Hui Wen, Emma Best, Tony Walls, Nigel Dickson, Hamish McCay, Elizabeth Wilson Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Central Nervous System Complications of Varicella-Zoster Virus
Conclusion: Neurologic complications of VZV infection continue to occur despite the availability of an effective vaccine. Neurologic symptom onset can predate the appearance of the VZV exanthem and in rare cases may occur in the absence of an exanthem.
Source: The Journal of Pediatrics - July 24, 2014 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Michelle Science, Daune MacGregor, Susan E. Richardson, Sanjay Mahant, Dat Tran, Ari Bitnun Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Stroke: Extreme Weather May Boost Risk
SAN DIEGO (MedPage Today) -- Dramatic weather changes boost stroke risk, whereas childhood vaccinations and exercise may reduce it, a series of studies showed.
Source: MedPage Today Pediatrics - February 18, 2014 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: news