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Total 77 results found since Jan 2013.

Clinical Utility of Electronic Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score Software in the ENCHANTED Trial Database Clinical Sciences
Background and Purpose—Clinical utility of electronic Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (e-ASPECTS), an automated system for quantifying signs of infarction, was evaluated in a large database of thrombolyzed patients with acute ischemic stroke.Methods—All baseline noncontrast computed tomographic scans of patients with anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke who participated in the alteplase dose arm of the randomized controlled trial ENCHANTED (Enhanced Control of Hypertension and Thrombolysis Stroke Study) were reviewed; poor quality and large (>6 mm) slice thickness were excluded. Included scans had e-ASPECTS...
Source: Stroke - May 25, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Simon Nagel, Xia Wang, Cheryl Carcel, Thompson Robinson, Richard I. Lindley, John Chalmers, Craig S. Anderson Tags: Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke, Ischemic Stroke Original Contributions Source Type: research

Predictors for Cerebral Edema in Acute Ischemic Stroke Treated With Intravenous Thrombolysis Clinical Sciences
Background and Purpose—Cerebral edema (CED) is a severe complication of acute ischemic stroke. There is uncertainty regarding the predictors for the development of CED after cerebral infarction. We aimed to determine which baseline clinical and radiological parameters predict development of CED in patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis.Methods—We used an image-based classification of CED with 3 degrees of severity (less severe CED 1 and most severe CED 3) on postintravenous thrombolysis imaging scans. We extracted data from 42 187 patients recorded in the SITS International Register (Safe Implementation of Trea...
Source: Stroke - August 28, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Magnus Thoren, Elsa Azevedo, Jesse Dawson, Jose A. Egido, Anne Falcou, Gary A. Ford, Staffan Holmin, Robert Mikulik, Jyrki Ollikainen, Nils Wahlgren, Niaz Ahmed Tags: Risk Factors, Imaging, Blood-Brain Barrier, Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke, Ischemic Stroke Original Contributions Source Type: research

The Determinants of Dementia After Stroke (DEDEMAS) Study: protocol and pilot data
This study will provide insights into the mechanisms of poststroke dementia and hold the potential to identify novel diagnostic markers and targets for preventive therapies. The study is registered at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01334749) and will be extended as a multicenter study starting 2013.
Source: International Journal of Stroke - July 9, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Frank A. Wollenweber, Vera Zietemann, Axel Rominger, Christian Opherk, Anna Bayer‐Karpinska, Andreas Gschwendtner, Lisa Coloma Andrews, Katharina Bürger, Marco Duering, Martin Dichgans Tags: Protocols Source Type: research

Predicting Stroke Outcome Using Clinical- versus Imaging-based Scoring System
Several models to predict outcome in ischemic stroke patients receiving intravenous (i.v.) alteplase can be divided into clinical-based and imaging-based systems. Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography (CT) Score (ASPECTS) and Dense cerebral artery sign/early infarct signs on admission CT scan, prestroke modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score, Age, Glucose level at baseline, Onset-to-treatment time, and baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score (DRAGON) are typical imaging- and clinical-based scoring systems, respectively.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - January 6, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Joon Hyun Baek, Kitae Kim, Yeong-Bae Lee, Kee-Hyung Park, Hyeon-Mi Park, Dong-Jin Shin, Young Hee Sung, Dong Hoon Shin, Oh Young Bang Source Type: research

Visual Determination of Conjugate Eye Deviation on Computed Tomography Scan Predicts Diagnosis of Stroke Code Patients
Head computed tomography (CT) is critical for stroke code evaluations and often happens prior to completion of the neurological exam. Eye deviation on neuroimaging (DeyeCOM sign) has utility for predicting stroke diagnosis and correlates with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) gaze score. We further assessed the utility of the DeyeCOM sign, without complex caliper-based eye deviation calculations, but simply with a visual determination method.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - August 26, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Ilana Spokoyny, James Y. Chen, Rema Raman, Karin Ernstrom, Kunal Agrawal, Royya F. Modir, Dawn M. Meyer, Brett C. Meyer Source Type: research

Frequency and Predictors of Dysphagia in Patients With Recent Small Subcortical Infarcts Brief Report
Background and Purpose—Detailed data on the occurrence of swallowing dysfunction in patients with recent small subcortical infarcts (RSSI) in the context of cerebral small vessel disease are lacking. This prompted us to assess the frequency of and risk factors for dysphagia in RSSI patients.Methods—We identified all inpatients with magnetic resonance imaging–confirmed RSSI between January 2008 and February 2013. Demographic and clinical data were extracted from our stroke database, and magnetic resonance imaging scans were reviewed for morphological changes. Dysphagia was determined according to the Gugging Swallowin...
Source: Stroke - December 22, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Simon Fandler, Thomas Gattringer, Sebastian Eppinger, Kathrin Doppelhofer, Daniela Pinter, Kurt Niederkorn, Christian Enzinger, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Franz Fazekas Tags: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Complications, Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke, Ischemic Stroke Brief Reports Source Type: research

New imaging method may predict risk of post-treatment brain bleeding after stroke
In a study of stroke patients, investigators confirmed through MRI brain scans that there was an association between the extent of disruption to the brain’s protective blood-brain barrier and the severity of bleeding following invasive stroke therapy. The results of the National Institutes of Health-funded study were published in Neurology.
Source: NINDS Press Releases and News: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke - June 17, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: news

5-Fluorouracil–induced Leukoencephalopathy with Acute Stroke-like Presentation Fulfilling Criteria for Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator Therapy
A 61-year-old man underwent systemic chemotherapy with intravenous infusion of nedaplatin and 5-fluorouracil. On the day after the final drug administration, he suddenly experienced difficulty in speaking followed by left-sided weakness. His National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score was 12. A computed tomographic scan of the brain performed 4 hours after symptom onset revealed no abnormalities. Because all eligibility criteria were fulfilled, he immediately underwent intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator therapy. He recovered from neurologic complications on day 14. An initial magnetic resonance imagi...
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - February 18, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Ryuta Kinno, Yoshitaka Kii, Masanobu Uchiyama, Yoshiyuki Owan, Takahiro Yamazaki, Toshiya Fukui Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Effective ADAPT Thrombectomy in a Patient with Acute Stroke due to Cardiac Papillary Elastofibroma: Histological Thrombus Confirmation
A 75-year-old man with hypertension and atrial fibrillation was admitted to our emergency room with right-sided hemiplegia and complete aphasia (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale [NIHSS] score  = 18). A noncontrast computed tomography scan showed a slight hypodensity in the left insular region and a bright hyperdense sign in the M1 tract of the left middle cerebral artery (MCA). Angio-CT confirmed an occlusion of the M1 tract of the MCA. Magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging/p erfusion-weighted imaging was obtained and revealed a mismatch in the left parietal cortical region.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - August 14, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Francesco Biraschi, Francesco Diana, Francesco Alesini, Giulio Guidetti, Simone Peschillo Tags: Case Studies Source Type: research

Paramedics may be best first line of defense in treating stroke patients
This study involved an unprecedented cooperative effort of paramedics in the field and emergency physicians serving as investigators,” said Dr. Sidney Starkman, co-principal investigator and co-director of the UCLA Stroke Center. “Through this study we were able to instill permanently in everyone’s mind the idea that ‘time is brain.’ We believe this represents a paradigm shift in the treatment of stroke and potentially numerous other neurological conditions,” said Starkman, who also is professor of emergency medicine and neurology at the Geffen School. “We demonstrated that paramedics not only are eager to pr...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - February 5, 2015 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Quick magnesium treatment fails to improve stroke outcomes, but study has silver lining
In the first study of its kind, a consortium led by UCLA physicians found that giving stroke patients intravenous magnesium within an hour of the onset of symptoms does not improve stroke outcomes.   However, the 8-year trial did find that with the help of paramedics in the field, intravenous medications can frequently be administered to stroke victims within that so-called "golden hour," during which they have the best chance to survive and avoid debilitating, long-term neurological damage.   The latter finding is a "game-changer," said Dr. Jeffrey Saver, director of the UCLA Stroke Center and a professor of ...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - February 13, 2014 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Prolyl Carboxypeptidase Activity Decline Correlates with Severity and Short-Term Outcome in Acute Ischemic Stroke.
Abstract Prolyl carboxypeptidase (PRCP) is an enzyme associated with cerebrovascular risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity and hyperlipidemia. We aim to evaluate the relation between serum PRCP activity and severity, evolution and outcome of acute ischemic stroke. We used a specific RP-HPLC activity assay to measure PRCP activity in serum of 50 stroke patients at admission, and at 24 h, 72 h and 7 days after stroke onset to assess correlations with stroke severity based on the National Institutes of Health Stroke scale score (NIHSS), infarct volume on brain MRI scan, stroke outcome based...
Source: Neurochemical Research - November 5, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Kehoe K, Brouns R, Verkerk R, Engelborghs S, De Deyn PP, Hendriks D, De Meester I Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Stroke Severity Affects Timing: Time From Stroke Code Activation to Initial Imaging is Longer in Patients With Milder Strokes
Optimizing the time it takes to get a potential stroke patient to imaging is essential in a rapid stroke response. At our hospital, door-to-imaging time is comprised of 2 time periods: the time before a stroke is recognized, followed by the period after the stroke code is called during which the stroke team assesses and brings the patient to the computed tomography scanner. To control for delays due to triage, we isolated the time period after a potential stroke has been recognized, as few studies have examined the biases of stroke code responders. This “code-to-imaging time” (CIT) encompassed the time from stroke code...
Source: The Neurologist - May 1, 2018 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

A Prospective Stroke Register in Sierra Leone: Demographics, Stroke Type, Stroke Care and Hospital Outcomes
This study reports the demographics, stroke types, stroke care and hospital outcomes for stroke in Freetown, Sierra Leone.Methods: A prospective observational register recorded all patients 18 years and over with stroke between May 2019 and April 2020. Stroke was defined according to the WHO criteria. Pearson's chi-squared test was used to examine associations between categorical variables and unpaired t-tests for continuous variables. Multivariable logistic regression, to explain in-hospital death, was reported as odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals.Results: Three hundred eighty-five strokes were registered, an...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - September 7, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

UCLA brain-imaging tool and stroke risk test help identify cognitive decline early
UCLA researchers have used a brain-imaging tool and stroke risk assessment to identify signs of cognitive decline early on in individuals who don't yet show symptoms of dementia.   The connection between stroke risk and cognitive decline has been well established by previous research. Individuals with higher stroke risk, as measured by factors like high blood pressure, have traditionally performed worse on tests of memory, attention and abstract reasoning.   The current small study demonstrated that not only stroke risk, but also the burden of plaques and tangles, as measured by a UCLA brain scan, may influence c...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - April 3, 2013 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news