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The Determinants of Dementia After Stroke (DEDEMAS) Study: protocol and pilot data
This study will provide insights into the mechanisms of poststroke dementia and hold the potential to identify novel diagnostic markers and targets for preventive therapies. The study is registered at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01334749) and will be extended as a multicenter study starting 2013.
Source: International Journal of Stroke - July 9, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Frank A. Wollenweber, Vera Zietemann, Axel Rominger, Christian Opherk, Anna Bayer‐Karpinska, Andreas Gschwendtner, Lisa Coloma Andrews, Katharina Bürger, Marco Duering, Martin Dichgans Tags: Protocols Source Type: research

Leukoaraiosis and Increased Cerebral Susceptibility to Ischemia: Lack of Confounding by Carotid Disease Stroke
Conclusions The association with more severe ischemic events (stroke versus TIA) and infarction on imaging is consistent with leukoaraiosis being a marker of increased cerebral susceptibility to ischemia. In contrast, the presence, severity of, and risk factors for atheromatous disease showed no association with leukoaraiosis, suggesting that these are two unrelated disease processes.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - August 20, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Schulz, U. G., Gruter, B. E., Briley, D., Rothwell, P. M. Tags: Stroke Source Type: research

Depression: Cognition relations after stroke
ConclusionsThe rates of depression and cognitive impairment were in the range of previous stroke studies. Our study suggested a strong relation between depression and cognition characterized by executive functions and working memory dysfunctioning.
Source: International Journal of Stroke - October 1, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Marc Hommel, Leeanne Carey, Assia Jaillard Tags: Short report Source Type: research

Clinical and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Predictors of Very Early Neurological Response to Intravenous Thrombolysis in Patients With Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Stroke
Conclusions Lack of VENI provides an early estimate of 3-month outcome and recanalization after IV-tPA. Baseline NIHSS, onset to treatment time, and diffusion weighted imaging—Alberta Stroke Programme Early CT Score could help to predict lack of VENI and, in turn, might help early selection of candidates for complementary reperfusion strategies.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - December 5, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Apoil, M., Turc, G., Tisserand, M., Calvet, D., Naggara, O., Domigo, V., Baron, J.-C., Oppenheim, C., Touze, E. Tags: Stroke Source Type: research

Cerebral Microbleeds as a Predictor of 1-Year Outcome of Poststroke Depression Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— The results suggest that lobar CMBs may influence the outcome of PSD. The importance of CMBs in the clinical course of depression in stroke survivors warrants further investigation.
Source: Stroke - December 23, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Tang, W. K., Chen, Y., Liang, H., Chu, W. C. W., Mok, V. C. T., Ungvari, G. S., Wong, K. S. Tags: CT and MRI, Acute Cerebral Infarction, Behavioral Changes and Stroke Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

Alpha 1-Antitrypsin Therapy Mitigated Ischemic Stroke Damage in Rats
Our objective is to develop a new therapy for the treatment of stroke. Currently, the only effective therapy for acute ischemic stroke is the thrombolytic agent recombinant tissue plasminogen activator. α1-Antitrypsin (AAT), a serine proteinase inhibitor with potent anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, antimicrobial, and cytoprotective activities, could be beneficial in stroke. The goal of this study is to test whether AAT can improve ischemic stroke outcome in an established rat model. Middle cerebral artery occlusion was induced in male rats via intracranial (i.c.) microinjection of endothelin-1. Five to 10 minutes after...
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - March 3, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Huong L. Moldthan, Aaron C. Hirko, Jeffrey S. Thinschmidt, Maria B. Grant, Zhimin Li, Joanna Peris, Yuanqing Lu, Ahmed S. Elshikha, Michael A. King, Jeffrey A. Hughes, Sihong Song Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

White Matter Lesions Are Associated With Hospital Admissions Because of Hip-Fractures and Trauma After Ischemic Stroke Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— Patients with ischemic stroke and moderate-to-severe WMLs are at high risk, who experience serious traumatic injuries and especially hip-fractures requiring hospital treatment.
Source: Stroke - September 22, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Sibolt, G., Curtze, S., Melkas, S., Pohjasvaara, T., Kaste, M., Karhunen, P. J., Oksala, N. K. J., Strandberg, T., Erkinjuntti, T. Tags: Computerized tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

Brain Edema Predicts Outcome After Nonlacunar Ischemic Stroke Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— Swelling and infarct growth each contribute to total stroke lesion growth in the days after stroke. Swelling is an independent predictor of poor outcome, with a brain swelling volume of ≥11 mL identified as the threshold with greatest sensitivity and specificity for predicting poor outcome.
Source: Stroke - November 24, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Battey, T. W. K., Karki, M., Singhal, A. B., Wu, O., Sadaghiani, S., Campbell, B. C. V., Davis, S. M., Donnan, G. A., Sheth, K. N., Kimberly, W. T. Tags: Acute Cerebral Infarction, Computerized tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Experimental Stroke and Comparison With Histology: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Basic Sciences
Conclusions— Guidelines for standardized use and reporting of MRI in preclinical stroke are urgently needed. T2-weighted imaging could be used as an effective in vivo alternative to histology for estimating treatment effects based on the extent of infarction; however, additional studies are needed to explore the effect of individual parameters.
Source: Stroke - February 23, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Milidonis, X., Marshall, I., Macleod, M. R., Sena, E. S. Tags: Acute Cerebral Infarction, Computerized tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Basic Sciences Source Type: research

Enhanced Interhemispheric Functional Connectivity Compensates for Anatomical Connection Damages in Subcortical Stroke Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— Our findings suggest that the M1–M1 anatomic connection impairment is secondary to CST damage, and the M1–M1 rsFC enhancement may reflect compensatory or reactive neural plasticity in stroke patients with CST impairment.
Source: Stroke - March 23, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Liu, J., Qin, W., Zhang, J., Zhang, X., Yu, C. Tags: Acute Cerebral Infarction, Computerized tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

Prevalence and cognitive impact of medial temporal atrophy in a hospital stroke service: retrospective cohort study
ConclusionsMedial temporal lobe atrophy is common and has an independent impact on cognitive function in a stroke service population, independent of confounding factors including age and magnetic resonance imaging markers of cerebrovascular disease. Medial temporal lobe atrophy is independently related to verbal memory and nominal skills, while small vessel pathology also contributes to speed and attention, and executive and perceptual functions.
Source: International Journal of Stroke - June 1, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Valeria Kebets, Simone M. Gregoire, Andreas Charidimou, Josephine Barnes, Khadija Rantell, Martin M. Brown, Hans R. Jäger, Lisa Cipolotti, David J. Werring Tags: Research Source Type: research

A double‐tuned 1H/23Na resonator allows 1H‐guided 23Na‐MRI in ischemic stroke patients in one session
ConclusionsThe use of a double‐tuned 1H/23Na birdcage head coil in a clinical setting ‘allowed sodium intensity measurements’ in a justifiable time also for acute stroke patients, and heterogenous sodium signal intensity in the diffusion weighted imaging lesion might represent differences in tissue damage or repair.
Source: International Journal of Stroke - June 30, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Eva Neumaier‐Probst, Simon Konstandin, Judith Ssozi, Christoph Groden, Michael Hennerici, Lothar R. Schad, Marc Fatar Tags: Research Source Type: research

Trail Making Test Elucidates Neural Substrates of Specific Poststroke Executive Dysfunctions Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— In this multinational stroke cohort study, damage to lateral cholinergic pathways and the superior longitudinal fasciculus emerged as significant neuroanatomical correlates for executive deficits in set shifting.
Source: Stroke - September 28, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Muir, R. T., Lam, B., Honjo, K., Harry, R. D., McNeely, A. A., Gao, F.-Q., Ramirez, J., Scott, C. J. M., Ganda, A., Zhao, J., Zhou, X. J., Graham, S. J., Rangwala, N., Gibson, E., Lobaugh, N. J., Kiss, A., Stuss, D. T., Nyenhuis, D. L., Lee, B.-C., Kang, Tags: Acute Cerebral Infarction, Computerized tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Rehabilitation, Stroke Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

Severe cerebral white matter lesions in ischemic stroke patients are associated with less time spent at home and early institutionalization
ConclusionsAfter ischemic stroke, patients with severe white matter lesions spend fewer days at home and become permanently institutionalized earlier, especially within the first five‐years.
Source: International Journal of Stroke - October 1, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Gerli Sibolt, Sami Curtze, Susanna Melkas, Tarja Pohjasvaara, Markku Kaste, Pekka J. Karhunen, Niku K. J. Oksala, Timo Erkinjuntti Tags: Research Source Type: research

Delayed intramuscular human neurotrophin-3 improves recovery in adult and elderly rats after stroke
There is an urgent need for a therapy that reverses disability after stroke when initiated in a time frame suitable for the majority of new victims. We show here that intramuscular delivery of neurotrophin-3 (NT3, encoded by NTF3) can induce sensorimotor recovery when treatment is initiated 24 h after stroke. Specifically, in two randomized, blinded preclinical trials, we show improved sensory and locomotor function in adult (6 months) and elderly (18 months) rats treated 24 h following cortical ischaemic stroke with human NT3 delivered using a clinically approved serotype of adeno-associated viral vector (AAV1). Important...
Source: Brain - January 8, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Duricki, D. A., Hutson, T. H., Kathe, C., Soleman, S., Gonzalez-Carter, D., Petruska, J. C., Shine, H. D., Chen, Q., Wood, T. C., Bernanos, M., Cash, D., Williams, S. C. R., Gage, F. H., Moon, L. D. F. Tags: CNS Injury and Stroke Original Articles Source Type: research