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Postoperative malignant hyperthermia confirmed by calcium-induced calcium release rate after breast cancer surgery, in which prompt recognition and immediate dantrolene administration were life-saving: a case report
ConclusionsThe occurrence of MH can be life-threatening, but its frequency is very low, and genetic testing and muscle biopsy are required to confirm the diagnosis. On retrospective evaluation using the malignant hyperthermia scale, the present case was almost certainly that of a patient with MH. Prompt recognition and immediate treatment with dantrolene administration and body cooling effectively reversed a potentially fatal syndrome. This was hence a valuable case of a patient with postoperative MH that led to a confirmed diagnosis by CICR.
Source: Journal of Medical Case Reports - April 17, 2021 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Changes in electrolyte concentrations alter the impedance during ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat brain
In this study, changes in the bio-impedance spectroscopy using a two-electrode method with varying frequencies from 100 to 35  kHz have been assessed in a model of global cerebral ischemia in anesthetized rats during normal, occlusion and reperfusion conditions. Global cerebral ischemia was induced by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion for 40  min following 40 min of reperfusion. The concentration of sodium, potassium, calcium and chloride ions in the whole rat brain was determined by electrolyte analyzer. For the interpretation of in vivo results, changes in electrical impedance with varying concentrati...
Source: Physiological Measurement - October 29, 2019 Category: Physiology Authors: Gaurav Kumar, Uvanesh Kasiviswanathan, Sumedha Mukherjee, Sanjeev Kumar Mahto, Neeraj Sharma and Ranjana Patnaik Source Type: research

Impaired Activity of Ryanodine Receptors Contributes to Calcium Mishandling in Cardiomyocytes of Metabolic Syndrome Rats
Conclusion Principal findings of this work are that abnormal Ca2+ transient amplitude, contractile dysfunction; and impaired relaxation of MetS cardiomyocytes underlies intrinsic dysfunctional RyR2 and SERCA pump. Abnormal activity of RyRs was evidenced by its decreased ability to bind [3H]-ryanodine. Although the MetS condition does not modify RyR2 protein expression, its phosphorylation at Ser2814 is decreased, which impairs its capacity for activation during ECC. The dysfunctional RyRs, together with a decreased activity of SERCA pump due to decreased Thr17-PLN phosphorylation suggest a downregulation of CaMKII in MetS...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 29, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Atrial Transcriptional Profiles of Molecular Targets Mediating Electrophysiological Function in Aging and Pgc-1 β Deficient Murine Hearts
Conclusion: These findings limit the possible roles of gene transcriptional changes in previously reported age-dependent pro-arrhythmic electrophysiologial changes observed in Pgc-1β-/- atria to an altered Ca2+-ATPase (Atp2a2) expression. This directly parallels previously reported arrhythmic mechanism associated with p21-activated kinase type 1 deficiency. This could add to contributions from the direct physiological outcomes of mitochondrial dysfunction, whether through reactive oxygen species (ROS) production or altered Ca2+ homeostasis. Introduction Atrial arrhythmias constitute a major public health pro...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 23, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Role of TREK-1 in Health and Disease, Focus on the Central Nervous System
Conclusion and Perspectives Since their cloning 20 years ago, the physiological importance of TREK-1 channels has continued to grow (Figure 3). Today, TREK-1 channels have been shown to be important and their presence is essential in a number of physiopathological processes. Their involvement in these different processes demonstrate the necessity to design pharmacological modulators, activators or inhibitors, of these channels to correct any TREK-1-related dysfunctions. Despites a number of studies and many molecule screenings, only few putative new drugs were identified. The activators belonging to the ML and BL series ...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 10, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

YiQiFuMai Powder Injection Attenuates Coronary Artery Ligation-Induced Heart Failure Through Improving Mitochondrial Function via Regulating ROS Generation and CaMKII Signaling Pathways
This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of “Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, National Institutes of Health.” The protocol was approved by the “China Pharmaceutical University.” Surgical Preparation The mice were anesthetized with chloral hydrate (4% chloral hydrate, ip). The HF model was induced by CAL as previously reported (Gao et al., 2010). Successful ligation of the coronary artery was confirmed by the occurrence of ST-segment elevation in electrocardiogram. Sham operated mice were performed the same process except left CAL. After ligation, the h...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 9, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Inotropic Effects of Nicorandil on Cardiac Contractility Assessed by Left Ventricular Pressure–Volume Relationship Analyses in Anesthetized Monkeys
This study was conducted to clarify the functional, hemodynamic, and electrophysiological effects of nicorandil using ventricular pressure–volume loop analysis in isoflurane-anesthetized monkeys. Nicorandil was given intravenously at therapeutic doses of 0.2 and 2 mg/kg over 10 minutes to cynomolgus monkeys (n = 5) with a pause of 10 minutes between the 2 doses. Nicorandil at 0.2 mg/kg caused decreases in systemic blood pressure and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure by its vasodilating action. Nicorandil at 2 mg/kg also exhibited positive inotropic action demonstrated by increased slopes of preload recruitable stro...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology - February 1, 2018 Category: Cardiology Tags: Original Article Source Type: research