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Targeting antioxidant enzyme expression as a therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke
Publication date: Available online 30 December 2016 Source:Neurochemistry International Author(s): Stephanie M. Davis, Keith R. Pennypacker During ischemic stroke, neurons and glia are subjected to damage during the acute and neuroinflammatory phases of injury. Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from calcium dysregulation in neural cells and the invasion of activated immune cells are responsible for stroke-induced neurodegeneration. Scientists have failed thus far to identify antioxidant-based drugs that can enhance neural cell survival and improve recovery after stroke. However, several groups have demonstrated ...
Source: Neurochemistry International - December 30, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Upregulation of myeloid cell leukemia-1 potentially modulates beclin-1-dependent autophagy in ischemic stroke in rats
Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that the expression of Mcl1 is involved in the survival of neuronal cells. In addition, the coexpression of Mcl1 with beclin-1 may attenuate beclin-1-dependent autophagy during ischemic stroke in rats.
Source: BMC Neuroscience - Latest articles - May 20, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Chen XingyongSun XicuiSu HuanxingOu JingsongHuang YiZhang XuHuang RuxunPei Zhong Source Type: research

Cancer and Cerebrovascular Disease
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo review the latest information about the interactions between cancer and cerebrovascular disease.Recent FindingsAdditional data support the finding that both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke are important complications of cancer or its treatment. Reperfusion therapy is being given successfully to patients with stroke complicating cancer.SummaryHemorrhagic stroke may occur with metastatic disease to the brain, coagulopathies from cancer, in particular leukemia, or as complications of chemotherapy. Ischemic stroke also may be a complication of metastatic disease with local invasion of vessels, a pro...
Source: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports - August 22, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Leukemia inhibitor factor promotes functional recovery and oligodendrocyte survival in rat models of focal ischemia
Abstract Human umbilical cord blood (HUCB) cells have shown efficacy in rodent models of focal ischemia and in vitro systems that recapitulate stroke conditions. One potential mechanism of protection is through secretion of soluble factors that protect neurons and oligodendrocytes (OLs) from oxidative stress. To overcome practical issues with cellular therapies, identification of soluble factors released by HUCB and other stem cells may pave the way for treatment modalities that are safer for a larger percentage of stroke patients. Among these soluble factors is leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), a cytokine that exerts plei...
Source: European Journal of Neuroscience - July 1, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Derrick D. Rowe, Lisa A. Collier, Hilary A. Seifert, Cortney B. Chapman, Christopher C. Leonardo, Alison E. Willing, Keith R. Pennypacker Tags: Research Report Source Type: research

Paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukaemia causing acute leukaemic occlusion of the proximal middle cerebral artery: Treatment with endovascular thrombectomy
We describe an ischaemic stroke in an adolescent with ALL who underwent successful endovascular thrombectomy following leukaemic arterial occlusion. Endovascular thrombectomy should be considered in paediatric ALL patients with acute ischaemic stroke and large vessel occlusion.
Source: Journal of Clinical Neuroscience - August 9, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Lower-extremity Dynamometry as a Novel Outcome Measure in a Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Feasibility Trial of Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) for HIV-associated Myelopathy
Conclusion: We conclude that an adequately powered clinical trial of IVIG for HIVM would likely require a prolonged recruitment period and multiple participating sites. Lower limb dynamometry is a useful outcome measure for HIVM, which might also be useful in other HIV-related gait disorders. KEYWORDS: Dynamometry, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), myelopathy INTRODUCTION Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated myelopathy (HIVM) is a rare but well-described neurologic complication of HIV; it was first described early in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic, and i...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - February 1, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICN Online Editor Tags: Assessment Tools Current Issue Demyelinating Disease Movement Disorders Neurodegenerative Disease Neurology Original Research Primary Care Technology Trial Methodology Dynamometry human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) intravenous immu Source Type: research

Neural Stem Cells Transfected with Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Promote Neuroprotection in a Rat Model of Cerebral Ischemia
AbstractLeukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) contributes to the neuroprotection by neural stem cells (NSCs) after ischemic stroke. Our aim was to explore whether LIF-transfected NSCs (LIF-NSCs) can ameliorate brain injury and promote neuroprotection in a rat model of cerebral ischemia. To accomplish this goal, we transfected NSCs with a lentivirus carrying the LIF gene to stably overexpress LIF. The LIF-NSCs reduced caspase 3 activation under conditions of oxygen-glucose deprivationin vitro. Transient cerebral ischemia was induced in rats by 2  h of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo), and LIF-NSCs were intravenously inje...
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - June 18, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research