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Source: Frontiers in Physiology
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Total 282 results found since Jan 2013.
Iron Metabolism and Brain Development in Premature Infants
Yafeng Wang1,2,3, Yanan Wu2, Tao Li1,2,3, Xiaoyang Wang2,4 and Changlian Zhu2,3*
1Department of Neonatology (NICU), Children’s Hospital Affiliated Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
2Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury, Institute of Neuroscience and Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
3Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
4Department of Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Got...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 24, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
The Relationship Between Heart Rate and Left Ventricular Isovolumic Relaxation During Normoxia and Hypoxia-Asphyxia in Newborn Piglets
Background: Many asphyxiated neonates have cardiac complications including arrhythmia and contractile dysfunction. Little is known about the relationship between heart rate (HR) and diastolic function in asphyxiated neonates. We studied the relationship between HR and left ventricular isovolumic relaxation in neonatal asphyxia. Methods: Term newborn piglets were anesthetized and acutely instrumented with the placement of Millar catheter in the left ventricle. Hemodynamic parameters including HR, cardiac output, stroke volume, dP/dtmax and dP/dtmin, and isovolumic relaxation time constant (Tau) were continuously measured...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - May 6, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Sex Differences in Morphological and Functional Aspects of Exercise-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy in a Rat Model
Conclusions Our results confirm that there is a more pronounced exercise-induced LV hypertrophy in females as compared to the males, however there are only minor differences regarding LV function.
There are characteristic molecular differences between male and female animals, that can explain different degree of LV hypertrophy.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - July 11, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Herbal Compatibility of Ginseng and Rhubarb Exerts Synergistic Neuroprotection in Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury of Rats
ConclusionThe herbal compatibility of Ginseng and Rhubarb synergistically exerts neuroprotective function during acute cerebral I/R injury, mainly through reducing the expression of Cx43 and AQP4.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - September 12, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Increased Hemoglobin Oxygen Affinity With 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Supports Cardiac Function During Severe Hypoxia
This study explores the therapeutic potential of 5-HMF on left ventricular (LV) cardiac function (LVCF) during hypoxia. Anesthetized Golden Syrian hamsters received 5-HMF i.v., at 100 mg/kg and were subjected to stepwise increased hypoxia (15, 10, and 5%) every 30 min. LVCF was assessed using a closed chest method with a miniaturized conductance catheter via continuous LV pressure-volume (PV) measurements. Heart hypoxic areas were studied using pimonidazole staining. 5-HMF improved cardiac indices, including stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), ejection fraction (EF), and stroke work (SW) compared to the vehicle group....
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - October 29, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Continuous Hemodynamic Monitoring in an Intact Rat Model of Simulated Diving
In conclusion, our simulated dive experiment to 600 kPa increased MAP and TPR to levels which caused a substantial reduction in SV and LV volume output. The increase in cardiac afterload demonstrated to take place during a dive is well tolerated by the healthy heart in our model, whereas in a failing heart this abrupt change in afterload may lead to acute cardiac decompensation.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - January 13, 2020 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Sanhua Decoction, a Classic Herbal Prescription, Exerts Neuroprotection Through Regulating Phosphorylated Tau Level and Promoting Adult Endogenous Neurogenesis After Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
Conclusions: SHD exerts neuroprotection probably by regulating p-tau level and promoting the proliferation, migration, and differentiation of endogenous neural stem cells, accompanying with neurobehavioral recovery.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - February 10, 2020 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Innovative Multiparametric Characterization of Carotid Plaque Vulnerability by Ultrasound
ConclusionUltrafast ultrasound imaging is an innovative, easily accessible technique that provides imaging modalities on top of the conventional B-mode. Ultrafast ultrasound biomarkers such as plaque stiffness heterogeneity, WSS and intraplaque micro-flows could help to define the vulnerability of the carotid plaque in order to stratify patients that could benefit most from endarterectomy or intensive medical therapy.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - March 2, 2020 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Numerical Simulation of the Effect of Pulmonary Vascular Resistance on the Hemodynamics of Reoperation After Failure of One and a Half Ventricle Repair
ConclusionThe numerical results demonstrate the highly reoperation-dependent hemodynamic consequences and their responses to variations in PVR. Comprehensive analysis of EF, mCO and ventricular stroke work indicates that PVR has a greater impact on 1.5VR′ and 1.0VR. Therefore, we suggest that the selection strategy of reoperation should focus on PVR.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - March 16, 2020 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Phase Coupling Between Baroreflex Oscillations of Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Changes in 21-Day Dry Immersion
Conclusion21-day DI drastically changed the hemodynamic response to HUTT, while its effect on blood pressure was reduced between days 14 and 19, which speaks in favor of the adaptation to the conditions of DI. The lack of increase in phase synchronization of baroreflex MAP and HR oscillations during HUTT indicates disorders of baroreflex cardiac control during DI.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - May 20, 2020 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Cerebrovascular Dysfunction in Atrial Fibrillation
It is now well established that besides being the most common sustained arrhythmia, atrial fibrillation (AF) is a major healthcare burden. Risk of debilitating stroke is increased in AF patients, but even in the absence of stroke, this population is at heightened risk of cognitive decline, depression, and dementia. The reasons for this are complex, multifactorial, and incompletely understood. One potential contributing mechanism is cerebrovascular dysfunction. Cerebral blood flow is regulated by chemical, metabolic, autoregulatory, neurogenic, and systemic factors. The dysfunction in one or more of these mechanisms may con...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - September 8, 2020 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Prediction of Cardiac Mechanical Performance From Electrical Features During Ventricular Tachyarrhythmia Simulation Using Machine Learning Algorithms
In this study, we predicted cardiac mechanical performance from features of electrical instability during ventricular tachyarrhythmia simulation using machine learning algorithms, including support vector regression (SVR) and artificial neural network (ANN) models. We performed an electromechanical tachyarrhythmia simulation and extracted 12 electrical instability features and two mechanical properties, including stroke volume and the amplitude of myocardial tension (ampTens). We compared predictive performance according to kernel types of the SVR model and the number of hidden layers of the ANN model. In the SVR model, th...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - November 24, 2020 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Pacing in World-Class Age Group Swimmers in 200 and 400 m Individual Medley
The present research investigated pacing for world-class age group swimmers competing in individual medley in 200 m and 400 m. Data on 3,242 unique finishers (1,475 women and 1,767 men) competing in four Master World Championships [XV FINA WMC held in Montreal (Canada) in 2014, the XVI FINA WMC held in Kazan (RUS) in 2015, the FINA WMC held in Budapest (HUN) in 2017, and the XVIII FINA WMC held in Gwangju (KOR] in 2019) were analyzed. Men were faster than women among all age groups in both 200 and 400 m. Additionally, differences were found between almost all adjacent age groups, with the exception (p > 0.05) of age gro...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - January 20, 2021 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Prediction of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation From Complexity Analysis of the Sinus Rhythm ECG: A Retrospective Case/Control Pilot Study
Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia, conveying a stroke risk comparable to persistent AF. It poses a significant diagnostic challenge given its intermittency and potential brevity, and absence of symptoms in most patients. This pilot study introduces a novel biomarker for early PAF detection, based upon analysis of sinus rhythm ECG waveform complexity. Sinus rhythm ECG recordings were made from 52 patients with (n = 28) or without (n = 24) a subsequent diagnosis of PAF. Subjects used a handheld ECG monitor to record 28-second periods, twice-daily for at least 3 weeks. Two independent ...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - February 19, 2021 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Demonstration of Patient-Specific Simulations to Assess Left Atrial Appendage Thrombogenesis Risk
Atrial fibrillation (AF) alters left atrial (LA) hemodynamics, which can lead to thrombosis in the left atrial appendage (LAA), systemic embolism and stroke. A personalized risk-stratification of AF patients for stroke would permit improved balancing of preventive anticoagulation therapies against bleeding risk. We investigated how LA anatomy and function impact LA and LAA hemodynamics, and explored whether patient-specific analysis by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) can predict the risk of LAA thrombosis. We analyzed 4D-CT acquisitions of LA wall motion with an in-house immersed-boundary CFD solver. We considered six p...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - February 26, 2021 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
