Filtered By:
Source: Frontiers in Physiology
This page shows you your search results in order of relevance. This is page number 18.
Order by Relevance | Date
Total 282 results found since Jan 2013.
Microwave-induced thermoacoustic imaging for the early detection of canine intracerebral hemorrhage
Conclusion: This is the first experimental study to explore the use of TAI in the detection of intracerebral hemorrhage in large live animals (canine). The results indicated that TAI could detect canine intracerebral hemorrhage in the early stage and has the potential to be a rapid and noninvasive method for the detection of intracerebral hemorrhage in humans.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - November 16, 2022 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Hypoxia induces purinergic receptor signaling to disrupt endothelial barrier function
Blood-brain-barrier permeability is regulated by endothelial junctional proteins and is vital in limiting access to and from the blood to the CNS. When stressed, several cells, including endothelial cells, can release nucleotides like ATP and ADP that signal through purinergic receptors on these cells to disrupt BBB permeability. While this process is primarily protective, unrestricted, uncontrolled barrier disruption during injury or inflammation can lead to serious neurological consequences. Purinergic receptors are broadly classified into two families: the P1 adenosine and P2 nucleotide receptors. The P2 receptors are f...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - November 21, 2022 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Cerebral multimodality monitoring in adult neurocritical care patients with acute brain injury: A narrative review
Cerebral multimodality monitoring (MMM) is, even with a general lack of Class I evidence, increasingly recognized as a tool to support clinical decision-making in the neuroscience intensive care unit (NICU). However, literature and guidelines have focused on unimodal signals in a specific form of acute brain injury. Integrating unimodal signals in multiple signal monitoring is the next step for clinical studies and patient care. As such, we aimed to investigate the recent application of MMM in studies of adult patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), acute i...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - December 1, 2022 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Endothelial deletion of the cytochrome P450 reductase leads to cardiac remodelling
The cytochrome P450 reductase (POR) transfers electrons to all microsomal cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP450) thereby driving their activity. In the vascular system, the POR/CYP450 system has been linked to the production of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) but also to the generation of reactive oxygen species. In cardiac myocytes (CMs), EETs have been shown to modulate the cardiac function and have cardioprotective effects. The functional importance of the endothelial POR/CYP450 system in the heart is unclear and was studied here using endothelial cell-specific, inducible knockout mice of POR (ecPOR−/−). RNA sequencing o...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - December 2, 2022 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Editorial: Stroke and infarction at high-altitude
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - December 9, 2022 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Pathogenesis of (smoking-related) non-communicable diseases —Evidence for a common underlying pathophysiological pattern
Non-communicable diseases, like diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, osteoporosis, arthritis, Alzheimer’s disease and other more are a leading cause of death in almost all countries. Lifestyle factors, especially poor diet and tobacco consumption, are considered to be the most important influencing factors in the development of these diseases. The Western diet has been shown to cause a significant distortion of normal physiology, characterized by dysregulation of the sympathetic nervous system, renin-angiotensin aldosterone system, and immune system, as well as disrupt...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - December 15, 2022 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Acetate suppresses myocardial contraction via the short-chain fatty acid receptor GPR43
The heart has high energy requirements, with an estimated 40%–60% of myocardial ATP production derived from the oxidation of fatty acids under physiological conditions. However, the effect of short-chain fatty acids on myocardial contraction remains controversial, warranting further research. The present study sought to investigate the effects and mechanisms of acetate, a short-chain fatty acid, on myocardial contraction in rat ventricular myocytes. Echocardiography and Langendorff heart perfusion were used to evaluate cardiac function. Cell shortening and calcium transient were measured in isolated cardiomyocytes. The p...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - December 16, 2022 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Menstrual phase influences cerebrovascular responsiveness in females but may not affect sex differences
Conclusion: Females during O and ML phases have an enhanced vasoconstrictive capacity of the MCA compared to the EF phase. Additionally, biological sex differences can influence cerebrovascular-CO2 responsiveness, dependent on the insonated vessel.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - January 4, 2023 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Habituation of the stress response multiplex to repeated cold pressor exposure
Humans show remarkable habituation to aversive events as reflected by changes of both subjective report and objective measures of stress. Although much experimental human research focuses on the effects of stress, relatively little is known about the cascade of physiological and neural responses that contribute to stress habituation. The cold pressor test (CPT) is a common method for inducing acute stress in human participants in the laboratory; however, there are gaps in our understanding of the global state changes resulting from this stress-induction technique and how these responses change over multiple exposures. Here...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - January 10, 2023 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Exaggerated exercise pressor reflex in male UC Davis type 2 diabetic rats is due to the pathophysiology of the disease and not aging
Discussion: Our findings suggest that the exaggerated exercise pressor reflex and mechanoreflex seen in T2DM are due to the pathophysiology of the disease and not aging.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - January 10, 2023 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Ensemble averaging for categorical variables: Validation study of imputing lost data in 24-h recorded postures of inpatients
Acceleration sensors are widely used in consumer wearable devices and smartphones. Postures estimated from recorded accelerations are commonly used as features indicating the activities of patients in medical studies. However, recording for over 24 h is more likely to result in data losses than recording for a few hours, especially when consumer-grade wearable devices are used. Here, to impute postures over a period of 24 h, we propose an imputation method that uses ensemble averaging. This method outputs a time series of postures over 24 h with less lost data by calculating the ratios of postures taken at the same time...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - January 26, 2023 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Phosphotungstic acid (PTA) preferentially binds to collagen- rich regions of porcine carotid arteries and human atherosclerotic plaques observed using contrast enhanced micro-computed tomography (CE- µCT)
Conclusion: The work presented here is unique as it offers a quantitative method of segmenting the vessel wall into its individual components and non-destructively quantifying the collagen content within these tissues, whilst also delivering a visual representation of the fibrous structure using a single contrast agent.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - February 2, 2023 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Durability is improved by both low and high intensity endurance training
Conclusion: Durability improved similarly by both LIT and HIT based on reduced physiological drifts, their postponed onsets, and changes in physiological strain. Despite durability enhanced among untrained people, a 10-week intervention did not alter drifts and their onsets in a large amount, even though it attenuated physiological strain.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - February 16, 2023 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Role of the renin –angiotensin system in the pathophysiology of coronary heart disease and heart failure: Diagnostic biomarkers and therapy with drugs and natural products
The renin–angiotensin system (RAS) plays a pivotal role in blood pressure regulation. In some cases, this steering mechanism is affected by various deleterious factors (mainly via the overactivation of the RAS) causing cardiovascular damage, including coronary heart disease (CHD) that can ultimately lead to chronic heart failure (CHF). This not only causes cardiovascular disability and absenteeism from work but also imposes significant healthcare costs globally. The incidence of cardiovascular diseases has escalated exponentially over the years with the major outcome in the form of CHD, stroke, and CHF. The involvement o...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - February 23, 2023 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
The role of class IIa histone deacetylases in regulating endothelial function
Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) are monolayer cells located in the inner layer of the blood vessel. Endothelial function is crucial in maintaining local and systemic homeostasis and is precisely regulated by sophisticated signaling pathways and epigenetic regulation. Endothelial dysfunctions are the main factors for the pathophysiological process of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases like atherosclerosis, hypertension, and stroke. In these pathologic processes, histone deacetylases (HDACs) involve in epigenetic regulation by removing acetyl groups from lysine residues of histones and regulating downstream gene ex...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - March 1, 2023 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
