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Source: Frontiers in Physiology
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Total 282 results found since Jan 2013.
Changes in Muscle Stress and Sarcomere Adaptation in Mice Following Ischemic Stroke
While abnormal muscle tone has been observed in people with stroke, how these changes in muscle tension affect sarcomere morphology remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine time-course changes in passive muscle fiber tension and sarcomeric adaptation to these changes post-ischemic stroke in a mouse model by using a novel in-vivo force microscope. Twenty-one mice were evenly divided into three groups based on the time point of testing: 3 days (D3), 10 days (D10), and 20 days (D20) following right middle cerebral artery ligation. At each testing time, the muscle length, width, and estimated volume of the iso...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - December 17, 2020 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Presence of Left Atrial Fibrosis May Contribute to Aberrant Hemodynamics and Increased Risk of Stroke in Atrial Fibrillation Patients
Atrial fibrillation (AF) patients are at high risk of stroke, with the left atrial appendage (LAA) found to be the most common site of clot formation. Presence of left atrial (LA) fibrosis has also been associated with higher stroke risk. However, the mechanisms for increased stroke risk in patients with atrial fibrotic remodeling are poorly understood. We sought to explore these mechanisms using fluid dynamic analysis and to test the hypothesis that the presence of LA fibrosis leads to aberrant hemodynamics in the LA, contributing to increased stroke risk in AF patients. We retrospectively collected late-gadolinium-enhanc...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - June 7, 2021 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Altered Jagged1-Notch1 Signaling in Enhanced Dysfunctional Neovascularization and Delayed Angiogenesis After Ischemic Stroke in HFD/STZ Induced Type 2 Diabetes Rats
This study was aimed to characterize structural alterations and potential mechanisms in brain microvessels before and after ischemic stroke in type 2 diabetic rats treated with high-fat diet and streptozotocin (HFD/STZ). Furtherly, we tested our hypothesis that dysregulated intercellular Jagged1-Notch1 signaling was involved in the dysfunctional cerebral neovascularization both before and after ischemic stroke in HFD/STZ rats. In our study, we found increased yet dysfunctional neovascularization with activated Jagged1-Notch1 signaling in the cerebrovasculature before cerebral ischemia in HFD/STZ rats compared with non-diab...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - July 8, 2021 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Acute Heart Failure After Reperfused Ischemic Stroke: Association With Systemic and Cardiac Inflammatory Responses
Patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) present an increased incidence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome and release of Troponin T coinciding with cardiac dysfunction. The nature of the cardiocirculatory alterations remains obscure as models to investigate systemic interferences of the brain-heart-axis following AIS are sparse. Thus, this study aims to investigate acute cardiocirculatory dysfunction and myocardial injury in mice after reperfused AIS. Ischemic stroke was induced in mice by transient right-sided middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). Cardiac effects were investigated by electrocardiograms, 3D-e...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - December 21, 2021 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Zfp580 Regulates Paracrine and Endocrine Igf1 and Igfbp3 Differently in the Brain and Blood After a Murine Stroke
In conclusion, Zfp580 differentially controls paracrine and endocrine Igf1 and Igfbp3 after stroke. Inhibition of Zfp580 might be a new treatment target leading to increased activity of Igf1 to improve stroke outcome.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 26, 2022 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Proposal of a Wearable Multimodal Sensing-Based Serious Games Approach for Hand Movement Training After Stroke
Stroke often leads to hand motor dysfunction, and effective rehabilitation requires keeping patients engaged and motivated. Among the existing automated rehabilitation approaches, data glove-based systems are not easy to wear for patients due to spasticity, and single sensor-based approaches generally provided prohibitively limited information. We thus propose a wearable multimodal serious games approach for hand movement training after stroke. A force myography (FMG), electromyography (EMG), and inertial measurement unit (IMU)-based multi-sensor fusion model was proposed for hand movement classification, which was worn on...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - June 3, 2022 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Advanced Interatrial Block Predicts Recurrence of Atrial Fibrillation and Ischemic Stroke in Elderly Patients With Hypertension
Conclusion: Both partial and advanced IAB are associated with AF recurrence in elderly patients with hypertension. Furthermore, advanced IAB is an independent predictor of ischemic stroke.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - June 16, 2022 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Accuracy of gait and posture classification using movement sensors in individuals with mobility impairment after stroke
Conclusion: This work presents a comparison of performance when classifying Gait and body postures in post-stroke individuals with different sensor configurations, which provide options for subsequent outcome evaluation. We achieved accurate classification of gait and postures performed in a real-life setting by individuals with a wide range of motor impairments due to stroke. This validated classifier will hopefully prove a useful resource to researchers and clinicians in the increasingly important field of digital health in the form of remote movement monitoring using motion sensors.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - September 26, 2022 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Characterization of the Blood Brain Barrier Disruption in the Photothrombotic Stroke Model
Blood brain barrier (BBB) damage is an important pathophysiological feature of ischemic stroke which significantly contributes to development of severe brain injury and therefore is an interesting target for therapeutic intervention. A popular permanent occlusion model to study long term recovery following stroke is the photothrombotic model, which so far has not been anatomically characterized for BBB leakage beyond the acute phase. Here, we observed enhanced BBB permeability over a time course of 3 weeks in peri-infarct and core regions of the ischemic cortex. Slight increases in BBB permeability could also be seen in th...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - November 12, 2020 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Cardiac Stroke Volume Index Is Associated With Early Neurological Improvement in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients
Early neurological improvement as assessed with the NIH stroke scale (NIHSS) at 24 h has been associated with improved long-term functional outcomes following acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Cardiac dysfunction is often present in AIS, but its association with outcomes is incompletely defined. We performed a pilot study to evaluate the association between non-invasively measured cardiac parameters and 24-h neurological improvement in prospectively enrolled patients with suspected AIS who presented within 12 h of symptom-onset and had an initial systolic blood pressure>140 mm Hg. Patients receiving thrombolytic therapy or m...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - November 18, 2021 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Understanding the Role of Propulsion in the Prediction of Front-Crawl Swimming Velocity and in the Relationship Between Stroke Frequency and Stroke Length
Conclusion: Swimming velocity was predicted by an interaction of anthropometrics, kinematics, and kinetics. Faster velocities in young sprinters of both sexes were achieved by an optimal combination of SF–SL. The same trend was shown by the propulsion data. The highest propulsion was not necessarily associated with higher velocity achievement.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 27, 2022 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Effects of kinesio taping therapy on gait and surface electromyography in stroke patients with hemiplegia
Conclusion: KT treatment is effective in altering gait and SEMG characteristics in stroke patients with hemiplegia.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - November 30, 2022 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Stroke and physiological relationships during the incremental front crawl test: outcomes for planning and pacing aerobic training
Conclusion: SL and SR exhibited a distinctive pattern for the V̇O2 response as swimming velocity increased. Furthermore, the influence of SL on GET, RCP, and V̇O2max suggests that SLslope serves as the metabolic reference of heavy exercise intensity, beyond which the stroke profile defines an exercise zone with high cost, which is recommended for an anaerobic threshold and aerobic power training. In turn, the observed difference between V̇O2 at SRslope and GET suggests that the range of velocities between SL and SR slopes ensures an economical pace, which might be recommended to develop long-term endurance. The results ...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - August 14, 2023 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
MRI Evaluation of Axonal Remodeling After Combination Treatment With Xiaoshuan Enteric-Coated Capsule and Enriched Environment in Rats After Ischemic Stroke
This study aimed to assess whether the XSEC and EE combination could provide synergistic efficacy in axonal remodeling compared to that with a single treatment after ischemic stroke using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) followed by histological analysis. Rats were subjected to permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion and treated with XSEC and EE alone or in combination for 30 days. T2-weighted imaging and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) were performed to examine the infarct volume and axonal remodeling, respectively. The co-localization of Ki67 with NG2 or CNPase was examined by immunofluorescence staining to assess olig...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - December 18, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Increased Immunosignals of Collagen IV and Fibronectin Indicate Ischemic Consequences for the Neurovascular Matrix Adhesion Zone in Various Animal Models and Human Stroke Tissue
This study describes ischemia-induced alterations for two main components of the neurovascular matrix adhesion zone (NMZ), i.e., collagen IV as basement membrane constituent and fibronectin as crucial part of the ECM, in conjunction with traditional NVU elements. For spatio-temporal characterization of these structures, multiple immunofluorescence labeling was applied to tissues affected by focal cerebral ischemia using a filament-based model in mice (4, 24, and 72 h of ischemia), a thromboembolic model in rats (24 h of ischemia), a coagulation-based model in sheep (2 weeks of ischemia), and human autoptic stroke tissue (3...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - October 26, 2020 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
