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Source: Translational Stroke Research

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Total 861 results found since Jan 2013.

CD133+Exosome Treatment Improves Cardiac Function after Stroke in Type 2 Diabetic Mice
In this study, we tested whether treatment with exosomes harvested from human umbilical cord blood derived CD133+ cells (CD133+Exo) improves cardiac function in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) stroke mice. Adult (3 –4 m), male, BKS.Cg-m+/+Leprdb/J (db/db, T2DM) and non-DM (db+) mice were randomized to sham or photothrombotic stroke groups. T2DM-stroke mice were treated with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or CD133+Exo (20  μg, i.v.) at 3 days after stroke. T2DM sham and T2DM+CD133+Exo treatment groups were included as controls. Echocardiography was performed, and mice were sacrificed at 28 days after stroke. Cardiom...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - March 19, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Acetylglutamine Differentially Associated with First-Time Versus Recurrent Stroke
The objective of this study was to identify metabolite risk markers that are associated with recurrent stroke. We performed targeted metabolomic profiling of 162 metabolites by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in baseline plasma in a stroke case-cohort study nested within the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study, an observational cohort study of 30,239 individuals aged 45 and older enrolled in 2003 –2007. Weighted Cox proportional hazard models were used to identify metabolites that had a differential effect on first-time versus recurrent stroke using an interaction term b...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - August 2, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Atherosclerosis-Related Circulating MicroRNAs as a Predictor of Stroke Recurrence
This study shows that the miR-17 level was elevated in acute ischemic stroke and associated with future stroke recurrence.
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 20, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Acute Ischemic Stroke Severity, Progression, and Outcome Relate to Changes in Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV and Fibroblast Activation Protein Activity
AbstractDipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV) inhibition may be a promising therapeutic strategy for acute stroke treatment, given its potential to prolong the biological half-life of neuroprotective substrates. A related protease, fibroblast activation protein (FAP), was recently shown to inactivate the same substrates. Therefore, it should also be investigated as a potential target in stroke. The study aimed to investigate whether stroke severity and outcome correlate with DPPIV and FAP activities and their kinetics shortly after acute ischemic stroke. DPPIV and FAP activities were analyzed in the serum of 50 hyperacute stroke...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - August 25, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Functional Dynamics of Neutrophils After Ischemic Stroke
AbstractNeutrophils are forerunners to brain lesions after ischemic stroke and exert elaborate functions. However, temporal alterations of cell count, polarity, extracellular trap formation, and clearance of neutrophils remain poorly understood. The current study was aimed at providing basic information of neutrophil function throughout a time course following stroke onset in patients and animal subjects. We found that neutrophil constitution in peripheral blood increased soon after stroke onset of patients, and higher neutrophil count indicated detrimental stroke outcomes. Comparably, neutrophil count in peripheral blood ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - March 6, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Immune Responses and Anti-inflammatory Strategies in a Clinically Relevant Model of Thromboembolic Ischemic Stroke with Reperfusion
AbstractThe poor clinical relevance of experimental models of stroke contributes to the translational failure between preclinical and clinical studies testing anti-inflammatory molecules for ischemic stroke. Here, we (i) describe the time course of inflammatory responses triggered by a thromboembolic model of ischemic stroke and (ii) we examine the efficacy of two clinically tested anti-inflammatory drugs: Minocycline or anti-CD49d antibodies (tested in stroke patients as Natalizumab) administered early (1  h) or late (48 h) after stroke onset. Radiological (lesion volume) and neurological (grip test) outcomes were evalu...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - September 13, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Disruptions of Anaerobic Gut Bacteria Are Associated with Stroke and Post-stroke Infection: a Prospective Case –Control Study
In conclusion, aberrations in trimethylamine- and butyrate-producing gut bacteria are associated with stroke and stroke-associated infections.
Source: Translational Stroke Research - October 14, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

The Left Atrial Septal Pouch: A New Stroke Risk Factor?
We examined transesophageal echocardiograms (TEEs) performed between July 2011 and December 2018. LASP prevalence was determined in TEEs referred for ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack ( “stroke”) and compared with LASP prevalence in patients undergoing TEEs for other reasons (“non-stroke”). Stroke subtyping was performed using the Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) criteria. There were 306 TEEs from 144 non-stroke and 162 stroke patients. Mean age and sex distribution were 56 ± 1 (mean ± SE) and 65% male in the non-stroke group and 58 ± 1 and 54% male in the stroke group. The...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 4, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

The Importance of Considering Sex Differences in Translational Stroke Research
Abstract Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide, and differences between men and women have been documented in incidence, prevalence, and outcome. Here, we reviewed the literature on sex differences in stroke severity, mortality, functional outcome, and response to therapies after ischemic stroke. Many of the sex differences in stroke severity and mortality are explained by differences in baseline demographics such as older age in women. However, women account for more stroke deaths, consistently suffer from worse stroke outcomes, and are more often institutionalized and permanently disabled than me...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 1, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Stroke Induces Mesenchymal Stem Cell Migration to Infarcted Brain Areas Via CXCR4 and C-Met Signaling
AbstractMesenchymal stem cells circulate between organs to repair and maintain tissues. Mesenchymal stem cells cultured with fetal bovine serum have therapeutic effects when intravenously administered after stroke. However, only a small number of mesenchymal stem cells reach the brain. We hypothesized that the serum from stroke patients increases mesenchymal stem cells trophism toward the infarcted brain area. Mesenchymal stem cells were grown in fetal bovine serum, normal serum from normal rats, or stroke serum from ischemic stroke rats. Compared to the fetal bovine serum group, the stroke serum group but not the normal s...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - May 25, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Effects of Barometric Pressure and Temperature on Acute Ischemic Stroke Hospitalization in Augusta, GA
AbstractSeveral studies worldwide have demonstrated significant relationships between meteorological parameters and stroke events. However, authors often reported discordant effects of both barometric pressure and air temperature on stroke occurrence. The present study investigated whether there was an association between weather parameters (barometric pressure and temperature) and ischemic stroke hospitalization. The aim of the study was to find out whether daily barometric pressure may be used as a prognostic variable to evaluate the workload change of a neurological intensive care unit. We conducted a retrospective revi...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - June 24, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Stroke Severity, and Not Cerebral Infarct Location, Increases the Risk of Infection
AbstractInfection is a leading cause of death in patients with stroke; however, the impact of cerebral infarct size or location on infectious outcome is unclear. To examine the effect of infarct size on post-stroke infection, we utilised the intraluminal middle-cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mouse model of ischemic stroke and adjusted the duration of arterial occlusion. At 1  day following stroke onset, the proportion of mice with infection was significantly greater in mice that had larger infarct sizes. Additionally, the presence of lung infection in these mice with severe strokes extended past 2 days, suggestive of l...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - November 9, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Altered Extracellular Vesicle MicroRNA Expression in Ischemic Stroke and Small Vessel Disease
AbstractActive transport of microRNAs (miRNA) in extracellular vesicles (EV) occurs in disease. Circulating EV-packaged miRNAs in the serum of stroke patients were compared to stroke mimics with matched cardio- and cerebrovascular risk factors, with corroboration of results in a pre-clinical model. An unbiased miRNA microarray was performed in stroke vs. stroke mimic patients (n = 39). Results were validated (n = 173 patients) by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. miRNA expression was quantified in total serum/EV (n = 5–7) of naïve adult spontaneously hypertensive stroke-prone rats (SHRSP), th...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 7, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Interactive Voice Response—An Innovative Approach to Post-Stroke Depression Self-Management Support
Abstract Automated interactive voice response (IVR) call systems can provide systematic monitoring and self-management support to depressed patients, but it is unknown if stroke patients are able and willing to engage in IVR interactions. We sought to assess the feasibility and acceptability of IVR as an adjunct to post-stroke depression follow-up care. The CarePartner program is a mobile health program designed to optimize depression self-management, facilitate social support from a caregiver, and strengthen connections between stroke survivors and primary care providers (PCPs). Ischemic stroke patients and an in...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - July 8, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Interactive Voice Response —An Innovative Approach to Post-Stroke Depression Self-Management Support
Abstract Automated interactive voice response (IVR) call systems can provide systematic monitoring and self-management support to depressed patients, but it is unknown if stroke patients are able and willing to engage in IVR interactions. We sought to assess the feasibility and acceptability of IVR as an adjunct to post-stroke depression follow-up care. The CarePartner program is a mobile health program designed to optimize depression self-management, facilitate social support from a caregiver, and strengthen connections between stroke survivors and primary care providers (PCPs). Ischemic stroke patients and an informal c...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - July 8, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research