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Source: Translational Stroke Research

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Total 861 results found since Jan 2013.

The Effect of the ABCB1(MDR-1) C3435T Polymorphism in Turkish Patients with Aspirin Resistance in Acute Ischemic Stroke
This study aimed to investigate the rate of AR, the factors influencing AR in patients with acute ischemic stroke under regular aspirin use, and the relationship between AR and ABCB1 (MDR-1) C3435T (rs1045642) polymorphism. Throughout this multicenter prospective study, 174 patients with acute ischemic stroke who had been prescribed aspirin for at least one month due to the risk of vascular disease, along with 106 healthy volunteers, were included as part of the study group. The results of our study indicate that AR was detected in 21.3% of the patient group. According to the results of an analysis of the polymorphism of t...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - July 11, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Treatment of Stroke at a Delayed Timepoint with a Repurposed Drug Targeting Sigma 1 Receptors
In this study, we hypothesized that oral oxeladin citrate would stimulate BDNF secretion and improve stroke outcomes when administered to male rats starting 48  h after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. Oxeladin did not alter blood clotting and crossed the blood brain barrier within 30 min of oral administration. Rats underwent 90 min of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. Forty-eight hours later rats began receiving daily oxeladin (13 5 mg/kg) for 11 days. Oxeladin significantly improved neurological function on days 3, 7, and 14 following MCAO. Infarct size was not altered by a single dose, but the...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - September 13, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Platelet Lysate and Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor Serve Safe and Accelerated Expansion of Human Bone Marrow Stromal Cells for Stroke Therapy
This study was aimed to assess whether the hBMSCs enhance their proliferation capacity and provide beneficial effect in the infarct brain when cultured with platelet lysate (PL) and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF). The hBMSCs were cultured in the fetal calf serum (FCS)-, PL-, or PL/G-CSF-containing medium. Cell growth kinetics was analyzed. The hBMSCs-PL, hBMSC-PL/G-CSF, or vehicle was stereotactically transplanted into the ipsilateral striatum of the rats subjected to permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion 7 days after the insult. Motor function was assessed for 8 weeks, and the fate of transplanted hB...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - October 30, 2014 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Seizure Activity Occurs in the Collagenase but not the Blood Infusion Model of Striatal Hemorrhagic Stroke in Rats
Abstract Seizures are a frequent complication of brain injury, including intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), where seizures occur in about a third of patients. Rodents are used to study pathophysiology and neuroprotective therapies after ICH, but there have been no studies assessing the occurrence of seizures in these models. Thus, we compared seizure incidence and characteristics after infusing collagenase (0.14 U), which degrades blood vessels, and autologous blood (100 μL) into the striatum of rats. Saline was infused in others as a negative control, whereas iron, a by-product of degrading erythrocytes, served ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 23, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Sequential Therapy with Minocycline and Candesartan Improves Long-Term Recovery After Experimental Stroke
In this study, we hypothesize that opposing actions of minocycline and candesartan on angiogenesis, when administered simultaneously, will reduce the benefit of candesartan treatment. Therefore, we propose a sequential combination treatment regimen to yield a better outcome and preserve the proangiogenic potential of candesartan. In vitro angiogenesis was assessed using human brain endothelial cells. In vivo, Wistar rats subjected to 90-min middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) were randomized into four groups: saline, candesartan, minocycline, and sequential combination of minocycline and candesartan. Neurobehavioral te...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - May 26, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

The Plasminogen Activation System Promotes Dendritic Spine Recovery and Improvement in Neurological Function After an Ischemic Stroke
Abstract Advances in neurocritical care and interventional neuroradiology have led to a significant decrease in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) mortality. In contrast, due to the lack of an effective therapeutic strategy to promote neuronal recovery among AIS survivors, cerebral ischemia is still a leading cause of disability in the world. Ischemic stroke has a harmful impact on synaptic structure and function, and plasticity-mediated synaptic recovery is associated with neurological improvement following an AIS. Dendritic spines (DSs) are specialized dendritic protrusions that receive most of the excitatory input in ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 4, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Cerebral Hypoperfusion and Other Shared Brain Pathologies in Ischemic Stroke and Alzheimer ’s Disease
AbstractNewly emerged evidence reveals that ischemic stroke and Alzheimer ’s disease (AD) share pathophysiological changes in brain tissue including hypoperfusion, oxidative stress, immune exhaustion, and inflammation. A mechanistic link between hypoperfusion and amyloid β accumulation can lead to cell damage as well as to motor and cognitive deficits. This review will discuss decreased cerebral perfusion and other related pathophysiological changes common to both ischemic stroke and AD, such as vascular damages, cerebral blood flow alteration, abnormal expression of amyloid β and tau proteins, as well as behavioral an...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - October 2, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Getting Closer to an Effective Intervention of Ischemic Stroke: The Big Promise of Stem Cell
AbstractStem cell therapy for ischemic stroke has widely been explored. Results from both preclinical and clinical studies have immensely supported the judicious use of stem cells as therapy. These provide an attractive means for preserving and replacing the damaged brain tissues following an ischemic attack. Since the past few years, researchers have used various types of stem cells to replenish insulted neuronal and glial cells in neurological disorders. In the present review, we discuss different types of stem cells employed for the treatment of ischemic stroke and mechanisms and challenges these cells face once introdu...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - October 26, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Worse Outcome in Stroke Patients Treated with rt-PA Without Early Reperfusion: Associated Factors
AbstractBased on preclinical studies suggesting that recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) may promote ischemic brain injuries, we investigated in patients the possible risk of worse clinical outcome after rt-PA treatment as a result of its inability to resolve cerebral ischemia. Here, we designed a cohort study using a retrospective analysis of patients who received treatment with intravenous (4.5-h window) or intraarterial rt-PA, without or with thrombectomy. Controls were consecutive patients who did not receive recanalization treatment, who met all inclusion criteria. As a marker of reperfusion, we defined t...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - November 7, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Cell Therapy in Stroke —Cautious Steps Towards a Clinical Treatment
AbstractIn the future, stroke patients may receive stem cell therapy as this has the potential to restore lost functions. However, the development of clinically deliverable therapy has been slower and more challenging than expected. Despite recommendations by STAIR and STEPS consortiums, there remain flaws in experimental studies such as lack of animals with comorbidities, inconsistent approaches to experimental design, and concurrent rehabilitation that might lead to a bias towards positive results. Clinical studies have typically been small, lacking control groups as well as often without clear biological hypotheses to g...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - November 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

MRI Guiding of the Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Rats Aimed to Improve Stroke Modeling
AbstractThe middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model in rats closely imitates ischemic stroke and is widely used. Existing instrumental methods provide a certain level of MCAO guidance, but monitoring of the MCA-occluding intraluminal filament position and possible complications can be improved. The goal of this study was to develop a MRI-based method of simultaneous control of the filament position, blood flow in the intracranial vessels, and hemorrhagic complications. Rats were subjected to either MRI-guided MCAO (group 1,n = 51) or MCAO without MRI control (group 2,n = 38). After operation, group 1 rats wer...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - November 25, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Factors that Can Help Select the Timing for Decompressive Hemicraniectomy for Malignant MCA Stroke
AbstractIn patients with malignant middle cerebral artery (MMCA) stroke, a vital clinically relevant question is determination of the speed with which infarction evolves to select the time for decompressive hemicraniectomy [DHC]. A retrospective, multicenter cross-sectional study of patients referred for DHC, based on the criteria of randomized controlled trials, was undertaken to identify factors for selecting the timing of DHC in MMCA stroke, stratified by time [<  48, 48–72,>  72 h]. Infarction volume and infarct growth rate [IGR] were measured on all CT scans. One hundred eighty-two patients [135 underwent...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - March 6, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

MMP10 Promotes Efficient Thrombolysis After Ischemic Stroke in Mice with Induced Diabetes
AbstractDiabetes is an important risk factor for ischemic stroke (IS). Tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) has been associated with less successful revascularization and poor functional outcome in diabetes. We assessed whether a new thrombolytic strategy based on MMP10 was more effective than tPA in a murine IS model of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. Wild-type mice were administered a single dose of streptozotocin (STZ) (180  mg/kg) to develop STZ-induced diabetes mellitus. Two weeks later, IS was induced by thrombin injection into the middle cerebral artery and the effect of recombinant MMP10 (6.5 μg/kg), t...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - July 27, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Hydrogel Scaffolds: Towards Restitution of Ischemic Stroke-Injured Brain
AbstractChronic brain injury following cerebral ischemia is a severe debilitating neurological condition, where clinical intervention is well known to decrease morbidity and mortality. Despite the development of several therapeutic strategies, clinical outcome in the majority of patients could be better improved, since many still face life-long neurological deficits. Among the several strategic options that are currently being pursued, tissue engineering provides much promise for neural tissue salvage and regeneration in brain ischemia. Specifically, hydrogel biomaterials have been utilized to docket biomolecules, adhesion...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - August 27, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Impact of Leukoaraiosis Severity on the Association of Time to Successful Reperfusion with 90-Day Functional Outcome After Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke
AbstractThe chance for a favorable outcome after mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for large vessel occlusion stroke decreases with the symptom onset-to-reperfusion time (OTR). Patients with severe leukoaraiosis are at increased risk for a poor outcome after MT. However, whether leukoaraiosis modulates to the association between OTR and 90-day functional outcome is uncertain. We retrospectively analyzed 144 consecutive patients with successful (TICI ≥ 2b/3) MT for anterior circulation large vessel occlusion within 24 h form OTR between January 2012 to November 2016. Leukoaraiosis was dichotomized to absent-to-mild (van Swi...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - April 11, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research