Filtered By:
Source: Translational Stroke Research

This page shows you your search results in order of relevance. This is page number 13.

Order by Relevance | Date

Total 861 results found since Jan 2013.

Stem Cell Therapy and Administration Routes After Stroke
Abstract Cell-based therapy has demonstrated safety and efficacy in experimental animal models of stroke, as well as safety in stroke patients. However, various questions remain regarding the therapeutic window, dosage, route of administration, and the most appropriate cell type and source, as well as mechanisms of action and immune-modulation to optimize treatment based on stem cell therapy. Various delivery routes have been used in experimental stroke models, including intracerebral, intraventricular, subarachnoid, intra-arterial, intraperitoneal, intravenous, and intranasal routes. From a clinical point of view...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - July 6, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Enhanced Procoagulant Activity on Blood Cells after Acute Ischemic Stroke
AbstractThe role of phosphatidylserine (PS)-mediated procoagulant activity (PCA) in stroke remains unclear. To ascertain this role, early dynamic evolution of PS exposure on blood cells and released microparticles (MPs) and the corresponding PCA were evaluated in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Flow cytometry analyses revealed that initial levels of PS exposure on erythrocyte, platelet, and leukocyte were 2.40-, 1.36-, and 1.38-fold higher, respectively, in AIS than the risk factor-matched (RF) controls. Concomitantly, total PS+ MPs were increased in AIS (1949  ± 483/μl) compared with the RF group (1674 ±...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - September 19, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Evolutional Characterization of Photochemically Induced Stroke in Rats: a Multimodality Imaging and Molecular Biological Study
In conclusion, these characterizations may be highly beneficial to the development of therapeutic strategies for ischemi c stroke.
Source: Translational Stroke Research - November 30, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Diabetes Worsens Functional Outcomes in Young Female Rats: Comparison of Stroke Models, Tissue Plasminogen Activator Effects, and Sexes
AbstractDiabetes worsens stroke outcome and increases the risk of hemorrhagic transformation (HT) after ischemic stroke, especially with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) treatment. The widespread use of tPA is still limited by the fear of hemorrhagic transformation (HT), and underlying mechanisms are actively being pursued in preclinical studies. However, experimental models use a 10 times higher dose of tPA than the clinical dose (10  mg/kg) and mostly employ only male animals. In this translational study, we hypothesized that low-dose tPA will improve the functional recovery after the embolic stroke in both control an...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 28, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Novel Regenerative Therapies Based on Regionally Induced Multipotent Stem Cells in Post-Stroke Brains: Their Origin, Characterization, and Perspective
AbstractBrain injuries such as ischemic stroke cause severe neural loss. Until recently, it was believed that post-ischemic areas mainly contain necrotic tissue and inflammatory cells. However, using a mouse model of cerebral infarction, we demonstrated that stem cells develop within ischemic areas. Ischemia-induced stem cells can function as neural progenitors; thus, we initially named them injury/ischemia-induced neural stem/progenitor cells (iNSPCs). However, because they differentiate into more than neural lineages, we now refer to them as ischemia-induced multipotent stem cells (iSCs). Very recently, we showed that pu...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - July 25, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Protective Effects of Autologous Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells After Administering t-PA in an Embolic Stroke Model
AbstractTissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) is the only FDA-approved drug for acute ischemic stroke but poses risk for hemorrhagic transformation (HT). Cell therapy has been investigated as a potential therapy to improve recovery after stroke by the modulation of inflammatory responses and the improvement of blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity, both of which are associated with HT after t-PA. In our present study, we studied the effect of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells (MNCs) in an embolic stroke model. We administered MNCs in a rat embolic stroke 2  h after administering t-PA. We observed that even though autol...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - August 23, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Human Neural Stem Cell Extracellular Vesicles Improve Tissue and Functional Recovery in the Murine Thromboembolic Stroke Model
AbstractOver 700 drugs have failed in stroke clinical trials, an unprecedented rate thought to be attributed in part to limited and isolated testing often solely in “young” rodent models and focusing on a single secondary injury mechanism. Here, extracellular vesicles (EVs), nanometer-sized cell signaling particles, were tested in a mouse thromboembolic (TE) stroke model. Neural stem cell (NSC) and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) EVs derived from the same pluri potent stem cell (PSC) line were evaluated for changes in infarct volume as well as sensorimotor function. NSC EVs improved cellular, tissue, and functional outcome...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - December 28, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Small Vessel Disease Is Associated with Tissue Inhibitor of Matrix Metalloproteinase-4 After Ischaemic Stroke
AbstractSmall vessel disease (SVD) is frequent in aging and stroke patients. Inflammation and remodeling of extracellular matrix have been suggested as concurrent mechanisms of SVD. We investigated the relationship between imaging features of SVD and circulating metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) in patients with ischaemic stroke. In patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis, we took blood samples before intravenous thrombolysis and 90  days after the acute stroke and analysed levels of MMPs and TIMPs. We assessed leukoaraiosis, number of lacunes and brain atrophy on pre-tre...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - April 23, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Intrathecal Injection of Allogenic Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Treatment of Patients with Severe Ischemic Stroke: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Observer-Blinded Trial
AbstractMesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) can differentiate into multiple tissues. Preclinical studies have shown that MSC-based therapy is a potential new treatment approach for ischemic stroke. These results support the urgent need for further studies of MSC transplantation in the treatment of ischemic stroke in humans. Here, we develop a prospective, randomized, controlled, observer-blinded phase II trial to assess the clinical safety, feasibility, and therapeutic mechanisms of allogenic bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) by intrathecal infusion in the treatment of patients with cerebral infarction within the middle cere...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - May 23, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Low Oxygen Post Conditioning as an Efficient Non-pharmacological Strategy to Promote Motor Function After Stroke
AbstractLow oxygen post conditioning (LOPC) has shown promising results in terms of neuroprotection after stroke, but the effects on motor function have not been considered. Cortical stroke targeting the motor and sensory cortex was induced by photothrombotic occlusion and after 48  h allocated to LOPC (11% O2) for 2  weeks. Motor impairment was assessed using the cylinder and grid walk tests during the exposure period and for two further weeks upon completion of the intervention. Neuroprotection was evaluated by histological and molecular analysis at two time points. Two weeks of LOPC was sufficient to signifi cantly re...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - August 28, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Human Neural Stem Cell Extracellular Vesicles Improve Tissue and Functional Recovery in the Murine Thromboembolic Stroke Model
AbstractOver 700 drugs have failed in stroke clinical trials, an unprecedented rate thought to be attributed in part to limited and isolated testing often solely in “young” rodent models and focusing on a single secondary injury mechanism. Here, extracellular vesicles (EVs), nanometer-sized cell signaling particles, were tested in a mouse thromboembolic (TE) stroke model. Neural stem cell (NSC) and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) EVs derived from the same pluri potent stem cell (PSC) line were evaluated for changes in infarct volume as well as sensorimotor function. NSC EVs improved cellular, tissue, and functional outcome...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - October 1, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Dynamic Detection of Thrombolysis in Embolic Stroke Rats by Synchrotron Radiation Angiography
AbstractA rodent model of embolic middle cerebral artery occlusion is used to mimic cerebral embolism in clinical patients. Thrombolytic therapy is the effective treatment for this ischemic injury. However, it is difficult to detect thrombolysis dynamically in living animals. Synchrotron radiation angiography may provide a novel approach to directly monitor the thrombolytic process and assess collateral circulation after embolic stroke. Thirty-six adult Sprague-Dawley rats underwent the embolic stroke model procedure and were then treated with tissue plasminogen activator. The angiographic images were obtained in vivo by s...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 24, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

White Matter Integrity and Early Outcomes After Acute Ischemic Stroke
AbstractChronic white matter structural injury is a risk factor for poor long-term outcomes after acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, it is unclear how white matter structural injury predisposes to poor outcomes after AIS. To explore this question, in 42 AIS patients with moderate to severe white matter hyperintensity (WMH) burden, we characterized WMH and normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) diffusivity anisotropy metrics in the hemisphere contralateral to acute ischemia in relation to ischemic tissue and early functional outcomes. All patients underwent brain MRI with dynamic susceptibility contrast perfusion and diffu...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 28, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Transplantation of Directly Reprogrammed Human Neural Precursor Cells Following Stroke Promotes Synaptogenesis and Functional Recovery
AbstractStroke is one of the leading causes of long-term disability. Cell transplantation is a promising strategy to treat stroke. We explored the efficacy of directly reprogrammed human neural precursor cell (drNPC) transplants to promote functional recovery in a model of focal ischemic stroke in the mouse sensorimotor cortex. We show that drNPCs express neural precursor cell markers and are neurally committed at the time of transplantation. Mice that received drNPC transplants recovered motor function, irrespective of transplant vehicle or recipient sex, and with no correlation to lesion volume or glial scarring. The maj...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 12, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

From the Lab to Patients: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Stroke
AbstractThere may be the potential to improve stroke recovery with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs); however, questions about the efficacy and safety of this treatment remain. To address these issues and inform future studies, we performed a preclinical and clinical systematic review of MSC therapy for subacute and chronic ischemic stroke. MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials, and PubMed were searched. For the clinical review, interventional and observational studies of MSC therapy in ischemic stroke patients were included. For the preclinical review, interventional studies of MSC therapy  usingin vivo...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - October 24, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research