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Identification of key predictors of hospital mortality in critically ill patients with embolic stroke using machine learning
This study aimed to use machine learning (ML) to identify the key predictors of mortality for ES patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Data were extracted from two large ICU databases: MIMIC-IV for training and internal validation, and eICU-CRD for external validation. We developed predictive models of ES mortality based on 15 ML algorithms. We relied on the synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) to address class imbalance. Our main performance metric was area under the ROC (AUROC). We adopted recursive feature elimination (RFE) for feature selection. We assessed model performance using three disease-severi...
Source: Bioscience Reports - August 22, 2022 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Wei Liu Wei Ma Na Bai Chun-Yan Li Kuangpin Liu Jinwei Yang Sijia Zhang Kewei Zhu Qiang Zhou Hua Liu Jianhui Guo Liyan Li Source Type: research

Machine learning in predicting outcomes for stroke patients following rehabilitation treatment: A systematic review
Discussion and conclusionThere remains much room for improvement in future modeling studies, such as high-quality data sources and model analysis. Reliable predictive models should be developed to improve the efficacy of rehabilitation treatment by clinicians.
Source: PLoS One - June 28, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Wanting Zu Source Type: research

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy fails to reduce hydrocephalus formation following subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats
Conclusion Multiple HBO therapy does not ameliorate hydrocephalus formation in a rat model of SAH; however, HBO tendentially improved the neurological functions and spatial learning and memory abilities in rats with hydrocephalus.
Source: Medical Gas Research - July 9, 2014 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: research

Machine learning-based segmentation of ischemic penumbra by using diffusion tensor metrics in a rat model
Recent trials have shown promise in intra-arterial thrombectomy after the first 6 –24 h of stroke onset. Quick and precise identification of the salvageable tissue is essential for successful stroke management....
Source: Journal of Biomedical Science - July 15, 2020 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Duen-Pang Kuo, Po-Chih Kuo, Yung-Chieh Chen, Yu-Chieh Jill Kao, Ching-Yen Lee, Hsiao-Wen Chung and Cheng-Yu Chen Tags: Research Source Type: research

Can training on ex-vivo models increase neurointerventionalists ’ subjective self-confidence in the operating room?
by Nathalie Mathern, Johanna Sandmann, Thorsten Sichtermann, Hani Ridwan, Alexander Riabikin, Andrea Stockero, Omid Nikoubashman, Martin Wiesmann, German Stroke School Group In a changing learning environment where young neurointerventionalists spend less time in the operating room, computer simulators have been established as a new training model. Our aim was the comparison of silicone models and computer simulators, and the evaluation of their influence on subjectiv e self-confidence of operators. Pre- and postquestionnaires of 27 participants and 9 tutors were evaluated after the participation in a three-days intervent...
Source: PLoS One - February 22, 2022 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Nathalie Mathern Source Type: research

United states of amnesia: rescuing memory loss from diverse conditions EDITORIAL
ABSTRACT Amnesia – the loss of memory function – is often the earliest and most persistent symptom of dementia. It occurs as a consequence of a variety of diseases and injuries. These include neurodegenerative, neurological or immune disorders, drug abuse, stroke or head injuries. It has both troubled and fascinated humanity. Philosophers, scientists, physicians and anatomists have all pursued an understanding of how we learn and memorise, and why we forget. In the last few years, the development of memory engram labelling technology has greatly impacted how we can experimentally study memory and its disorders ...
Source: DMM Disease Models and Mechanisms - May 18, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Ortega-de San Luis, C., Ryan, T. J. Tags: EDITORIAL Source Type: research

Clinical and Basic Evaluation of the Prognostic Value of Uric Acid in Traumatic Brain Injury.
Conclusions: UA acted to attenuate neuronal loss, cerebral perfusion impairment and neurological deficits in TBI mice through suppression of neuronal and vascular oxidative stress. Following TBI, active antioxidant defense in the brain may result in consumption of UA in the serum, and thus, a decreased serum UA level could be predictive of good clinical recovery. PMID: 30013449 [PubMed - in process]
Source: International Journal of Medical Sciences - July 18, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Int J Med Sci Source Type: research

Editors' Choice Stroke prevention: Learning from the master (and COMMANDER)
Adding rivaroxaban to standard therapy in patients with heart failure and no atrial fibrillation did not show any beneficial effect on death risk.
Source: Science Translational Medicine - September 19, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Santulli, G. Tags: Editors ' Choice Source Type: research

Brain functions and unusual β-amyloid accumulation in the hypertensive white matter lesions of rats.
This study used Sprague Dawley (SD) rats with stroke-prone renovascular hypertension (RHRSP) to establish an animal model of hypertensive white matter lesions (WML), so as to explore the brain functions and unusual β-amyloid (Aβ) accumulation in WML. Hypertensive WML and brain dysfunctions were evaluated by measuring the caudal arterial pressure of model rats, and by observing the histomorphological deformations o f the prefrontal lobe, temporal lobe, hippocampus and corpus callosum, as well as by counting of the number of neurons using Hematoxylin and Eosin (H and E) staining, and by evaluating the changes in rat brain ...
Source: Journal of Biological Regulators and Homeostatic Agents - August 8, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: J Biol Regul Homeost Agents Source Type: research

EMG-driven hand model based on the classification of individual finger movements
Publication date: April 2020Source: Biomedical Signal Processing and Control, Volume 58Author(s): Maria V. Arteaga, Jenny C. Castiblanco, Ivan F. Mondragon, Julian D. Colorado, Catalina Alvarado-RojasAbstractThe recovery of hand motion is one of the most challenging aspects in stroke rehabilitation. This paper presents an initial approach to robot-assisted hand-motion therapies. Our goal was twofold: firstly, we have applied machine learning methods to identify and characterize finger motion patterns from healthy individuals. To this purpose, Electromyographic (EMG) signals have been acquired from flexor and extensor muscl...
Source: Biomedical Signal Processing and Control - January 30, 2020 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: research

A review of machine learning techniques in photoplethysmography for the non-invasive cuff-less measurement of blood pressure
Publication date: April 2020Source: Biomedical Signal Processing and Control, Volume 58Author(s): C. El-Hajj, P.A. KyriacouAbstractHypertension or high blood pressure is a leading cause of death throughout the world and a critical factor for increasing the risk of serious diseases, including cardiovascular diseases such as stroke and heart failure. Blood pressure is a primary vital sign that must be monitored regularly for the early detection, prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Traditional blood pressure measurement techniques are either invasive or cuff-based, which are impractical, intermittent, and unc...
Source: Biomedical Signal Processing and Control - February 13, 2020 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: research

The KATP channel opener, nicorandil, ameliorates brain damage by modulating synaptogenesis after ischemic stroke
by Yuanzheng Zhao, Zhuoying Yang, Yuanhong He, Ruonan Sun, Heping Yuan With population growth and aging, more and more patients with cerebral infarction have varying degrees of disability. ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels regulate many cellular functions by coupling metabolic status with cell membrane electrical activity. Nicorandil (N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-nicotin amide nitrate) is the first KATP channel opener approved for clinical use. It has been reported that it might exert protective effects on the cerebral infarction by increasing cerebral blood flow and reducing inflammation. However, only a few studies explored...
Source: PLoS One - January 26, 2021 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Yuanzheng Zhao Source Type: research

Kinetic analysis of ASIC1a delineates conformational signaling from proton-sensing domains to the channel gate
Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are neuronal Na+ channels that are activated by a drop in pH. Their established physiological and pathological roles, involving fear behaviors, learning, pain sensation and neurodegeneration after stroke, make them promising targets for future drugs. Currently, the ASIC activation mechanism is not understood. Here we used voltage-clamp fluorometry (VCF) combined with fluorophore-quencher pairing to determine the kinetics and direction of movements. We show that conformational changes with the speed of channel activation occur close to the gate and in more distant extracellular sites, where...
Source: eLife - March 17, 2021 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Neuroscience Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics Source Type: research

A comparative study on machine learning-based classification to find photothrombotic lesion in histological rabbit brain images
In this study, we established machine learning-based algorithms to detect photothrombotic lesions in histological images of photothrombosis-induced rabbit brains. Six machine learning-based algorithms for binary classification were applied, and the accuracies were compared to classify normal tissues and photothrombotic lesions. The lesion classification model consisting of a 3-layered neural network with a rectified linear unit (ReLU) activation function, Xavier initialization, and Adam optimization using datasets with a unit size of [math] pixels yielded the highest accuracy (0.975). In the validation using the tested his...
Source: Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences - July 2, 2021 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Sang Hee Jo Yoonhee Kim Yoon Bum Lee Sung Suk Oh Jong-ryul Choi Source Type: research

Automatic Classification of the Korean Triage Acuity Scale in Simulated Emergency Rooms Using Speech Recognition and Natural Language Processing: a Proof of Concept Study
CONCLUSION: We demonstrated the potential of an automatic KTAS classification system using speech recognition models, machine learning and BERT-based classifiers.PMID:34254471 | DOI:10.3346/jkms.2021.36.e175
Source: Journal of Korean Medical Science - July 13, 2021 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Dongkyun Kim Jaehoon Oh Heeju Im Myeongseong Yoon Jiwoo Park Joohyun Lee Source Type: research

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