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Prehospital Ultrasound Proves its Worth in the War Against Stroke
Discussion Stroke is a devastating neurologic condition with an alarming prevalence. Each year, an estimated 795,000 people in the United States alone will suffer a stroke. Stroke accounts for one in every 20 deaths in the U.S., and someone dies of stroke in the U.S. every four minutes.1 One third of people who have had a stroke will be left with some degree of long-term disability.2 Eighty-seven percent of all strokes are ischemic, meaning that a clot or other occlusion to blood flow forms within an intracranial vessel, depriving the brain tissue of blood flow.1 If this obstruction isn't rapidly relieved, damage to the brain will occur.
Source: JEMS Patient Care - December 1, 2016 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Jenna M. B. White, MD Tags: Patient Care Source Type: news

Cardioembolic Stroke
This article summarizes the different causes of cardioembolism and outlines current management guidelines. Recent Findings: Since cardioembolic stroke is not a single disease entity, its diagnosis requires initial clinical suspicion and a comprehensive evaluation, including ECG, echocardiography, brain imaging, and cardiac monitoring. Atrial fibrillation is the most common cause of cardioembolic stroke, and anticoagulation is usually recommended. This article reviews risk stratification models to assist in the decision-making process and highlights the increased use of novel oral anticoagulants for stroke prevention in at...
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - February 1, 2017 Category: Neurology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research

Inherited and Uncommon Causes of Stroke
This article is a practical guide to identifying uncommon causes of stroke and offers guidance for evaluation and management, even when large controlled trials are lacking in these rarer forms of stroke. Recent Findings: Fabry disease causes early-onset stroke, particularly of the vertebrobasilar system; enzyme replacement therapy should be considered in affected patients. Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), often misdiagnosed as multiple sclerosis, causes migraines, early-onset lacunar strokes, and dementia. Moyamoya disease can cause either ischemic or he...
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - February 1, 2017 Category: Neurology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research

IJERPH, Vol. 14, Pages 293: Life after Stroke in an Urban Minority Population: A Photovoice Project
Stroke is a leading cause of disability in the United States and disproportionately affects minority populations. We sought to explore the quality of life in urban, minority stroke survivors through their own photos and narratives. Using the Photovoice method, seventeen stroke survivors were instructed to take pictures reflecting their experience living with and recovering from stroke. Key photographs were discussed in detail; participants brainstormed ways to improve their lives and presented their work in clinical and community sites. Group discussions were recorded, transcribed, and coded transcripts were reviewed with ...
Source: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health - March 10, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Revathi Balakrishnan Benjamin Kaplan Rennie Negron Kezhen Fei Judith Goldfinger Carol Horowitz Tags: Article Source Type: research

Executive Function Is Associated With Off-Line Motor Learning in People With Chronic Stroke
Conclusions: This is the first study to demonstrate that better performance on an executive function test of attention and set-shifting predicts a higher magnitude of off-line motor learning in individuals with chronic stroke. This emphasizes the need to consider attention and set-shifting abilities of individuals following stroke as these abilities are associated with motor learning. This in turn could affect learning of activities of daily living and impact functional recovery following stroke. Video Abstract available for more insights from the authors (see Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/JNPT/A166 ).
Source: Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy - March 25, 2017 Category: Physiotherapy Tags: Research Articles Source Type: research

Use of Machine Learning Classifiers and Sensor Data to Detect Neurological Deficit in Stroke Patients
Conclusions: Sensors and machine learning methods can reliably detect stroke signs and quantify proximal arm weakness. Our proposed solution will facilitate pervasive monitoring of stroke patients.
Source: Journal of Medical Internet Research - April 18, 2017 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Eunjeong Park Hyuk-Jae Chang Hyo Suk Nam Source Type: research

Life After Stroke
Throughout March theCochrane UK team will be looking at the theme of ' life after stroke. ' This will include Cochrane evidence, ongoing research and the perspectives of stroke survivors, researchers and health professionals on life after stroke from the acute phase to rehabilitation and long-term effects and adjustments.See below for a round-up of materials or follow along on Twitter with the hastag#LifeAfterStrokeBlogpostsLife after stroke: a special series from Cochrane UKCochrane EvidenceLife After Stroke: a round up of Cochrane evidenceAll of the Cochrane Reviews on stroke can be found here, in the Cochrane Library.Fi...
Source: Cochrane News and Events - February 15, 2018 Category: Information Technology Authors: Muriah Umoquit Source Type: news

Post Stroke Cognitive Impairment and Hippocampal Neurovascular Remodeling: The Impact of Diabetes and Sex.
Abstract Diabetes increases the risk and severity of cognitive impairment, especially after ischemic stroke. Pathological remodeling of the cerebrovasculature has been postulated to contribute to poor neuronal repair and worsened cognitive deficits in diabetes. However, little is known about the effect of diabetes on the vascularization of hippocampus, a domain critical to memory and learning. Therefore we had two aims for this study: 1) to determine the impact of diabetes on hippocampal neurovascular remodeling and the resulting cognitive impairment after stroke using two models with varying disease severity, and...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology - August 17, 2018 Category: Physiology Authors: Ward R, Valenzuela JP, Li W, Dong G, Fagan SC, Ergul A Tags: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol Source Type: research

Reduced striatal activation in response to rewarding motor performance feedback after stroke
ConclusionStriatal hypoactivation in stroke survivors may cause impaired consolidation of motor skills. Stronger rewarding stimuli or drug-mediated enhancement may be needed to normalize reward processing after stroke with positive effects on recovery.
Source: NeuroImage: Clinical - October 24, 2019 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Endovascular Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke
This article reviews the actual indications for mechanical thrombectomy in patients with acute ischemic stroke and how the opportunities for endovascular therapy can be expanded by using the concept of clinical-imaging or perfusion-imaging mismatch (as a surrogate for salvageable tissue) rather than time of ischemia. RECENT FINDINGS Six randomized controlled trials undoubtedly confirmed the benefits of using endovascular thrombectomy on the clinical outcome of patients with stroke with large vessel occlusion within 6 hours from symptom onset compared with those receiving only standard medical care. In a meta-analysis of...
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - April 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: REVIEW ARTICLES Source Type: research

Ischemic Stroke in Young Adults
This article reviews current knowledge on epidemiology, risk factors and causes, diagnostic considerations, management, and prognosis of ischemic stroke in young adults (those 55 years old and younger). RECENT FINDINGS The incidence of ischemic stroke in young adults has been increasing since the 1980s, which has occurred in parallel with increasing prevalence of vascular risk factors and substance abuse among the younger population. Young adults have a considerably wider range of risk factors than older patients, including age-specific factors such as pregnancy/puerperium and oral contraceptive use. Behavioral risk fac...
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - April 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: REVIEW ARTICLES Source Type: research

The use of augmented reality for rehabilitation after stroke: a narrative review.
CONCLUSION: AR systems are currently being used for stroke rehabilitation in a variety of ways however the technology is in its infancy and warrants further investigation. A consistent definition of AR must be developed and further research is required to determine the possibilities of using AR to promote practice of occupations in a more contextually relevant environment to enhance motor learning and generalisation to other tasks. This could include using AR to bring the home environment into the hospital setting to enhance practice of prioritised occupations before returning home. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION There is...
Source: Disability and Rehabilitation. Assistive Technology. - July 13, 2020 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Gorman C, Gustafsson L Tags: Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol Source Type: research

A Novel Multiple-Cue Observational Clinical Scale for Functional Evaluation of Gait After Stroke - The Stroke Mobility Score (SMS).
CONCLUSIONS The SMS proves to be an easy-to-use, tele-applicable, robust, consistent, reliable, and nuanced functional scale of gait impairments after stroke. Due to its sensitivity to whole-body motion criteria, it is ideally suited for machine learning algorithms and for development of new therapy strategies based on instrumented gait analysis. PMID: 32930152 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Medical Science Monitor - September 17, 2020 Category: Research Tags: Med Sci Monit Source Type: research

Cochrane Stroke vs COVID-19: Making it easy for people to find relevant COVID-19 evidence
Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. The chances of having a stroke increase with age and older people also appear to suffer greater consequences from COVID-19. There may be a link between COVID-19 and new strokes, so healthcare professionals may be caring for people who have both COVID-19 and stroke.Cochrane Stroke heard from stroke care professionals and researchers that it was difficult to find relevant material amongst the thousands of articles available. To address this need, they collated useful resources for stroke care teams on their website. In addition, they made it easier for people to fi...
Source: Cochrane News and Events - November 24, 2020 Category: Information Technology Authors: Muriah Umoquit Source Type: news

Cochrane Stroke vs. COVID-19: Making it easy for people to find relevant COVID-19 evidence
Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. The chances of having a stroke increase with age and older people also appear to suffer greater consequences from COVID-19. There may be a link between COVID-19 and new strokes, so healthcare professionals may be caring for people who have both COVID-19 and stroke.Cochrane Stroke heard from stroke care professionals and researchers that it was difficult to find relevant material amongst the thousands of articles available. To address this need, they collated useful resources for stroke care teams on their website. In addition, they made it easier for people to fi...
Source: Cochrane News and Events - November 24, 2020 Category: Information Technology Authors: Muriah Umoquit Source Type: news