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Ischemic Stroke in Young Adults
This article reviews current knowledge on epidemiology, risk factors and causes, diagnostic considerations, management, and prognosis of ischemic stroke in young adults (those 55 years old and younger). RECENT FINDINGS The incidence of ischemic stroke in young adults has been increasing since the 1980s, which has occurred in parallel with increasing prevalence of vascular risk factors and substance abuse among the younger population. Young adults have a considerably wider range of risk factors than older patients, including age-specific factors such as pregnancy/puerperium and oral contraceptive use. Behavioral risk fac...
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - April 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: REVIEW ARTICLES Source Type: research

Arterial Ischemic Stroke in Children and Young Adults
This article reviews risk factors, recurrence risk, evaluation, management, and outcomes of arterial ischemic stroke in children and young adults. Recent Findings: The risk for recurrence and mortality appear to be low for neonatal and childhood stroke. Most children have relatively mild deficits, but those who have greater neurologic deficits, poststroke epilepsy, or strokes early in life are at risk for lower overall cognitive function. Stroke recurrence and long-term mortality after stroke in young adults are greater than originally thought. Cognitive impairments, depression, and anxiety are associated with higher leve...
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - February 1, 2017 Category: Neurology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research

Predicting the risk of stroke in patients with late-onset epilepsy: A machine learning approach
CONCLUSION: The stroke risk in patients with epilepsy was relatively high and could be predicted based on comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, heart failure, and alcohol dependence. Knowing and addressing these factors may help reduce the risk of stroke in patients with epilepsy.PMID:34325155 | DOI:10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.108211
Source: Epilepsy and Behaviour - July 29, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Karel Kostev Tong Wu Yue Wang Kal Chaudhuri Christian Tanislav Source Type: research

Recurrent Alternating Homonymous Hemianopia Due to Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathy with Lactic Acidosis and Stroke-Like Episodes (MELAS) (P4.260)
CONCLUSIONS: We describe a unique phenomenon of recurrent alternating homonymous hemianopia in MELAS, which should prompt consideration of this diagnosis.Disclosure: Dr. Krysko has nothing to disclose. Dr. Arun has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 3, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Krysko, K., Arun, S. Tags: Neuro-ophthalmology/Neuro-otology Source Type: research

Modifiable Lifestyle Factors and Cognitive Function in Older People: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
Conclusions: Lifestyle factors, such as physical activity, sleep, and social activity appear to be associated with cognitive function among older people. Physical activity and appropriate durations of sleep and conversation are important for cognitive function. Introduction Dementia is a major public health issue worldwide, with a serious burden for patients, caregivers, and society, as well as substantial economic impacts (1). Although the prevalence of late-life cognitive impairment and dementia are expected to increase in future, effective disease-modifying treatments are currently unavailable. Therefore, unders...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 23, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Sleep duration is associated with worse neurocognitive function in Hispanic/Latinos: Results of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) (P1.100)
CONCLUSIONS: Sleep duration had an inverted J-shaped curvilinear association with neurocognitive function, such that those with longer sleep duration had worse neurocognitive scores. Study Supported by: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos was carried out as a collaborative study supported by contracts from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) to the University of North Carolina (N01-HC65233), University of Miami (N01-HC65234), Albert Einstein College of Medicine (N01-HC65235), Northwestern University (N01-HC65236), and San Diego State University (N01-HC65237). The following Institutes/Cent...
Source: Neurology - April 8, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Ramos, A., Tarraf, W., Daviglus, M., Davis, S., Gallo, L., Mossavar-Rahmani, Y., Penedo, F., Redline, S., Rundek, T., Sacco, R., Sotres-Alvarez, D., Wright, C., Zee, P., Gonzalez, H. Tags: Neuroepidemiology: Cerebrovascular Disease, Critical Care, Epilepsy, Child Neurology, and Sleep Source Type: research

Prenatal cerebrovascular accidents diagnosed in the early infant stage: a series of 10 patients.
CONCLUSIONS. When CVA are not detected in the prenatal period, it is important in primary care to look for and detect the warning signs of the psychomotor development of the infant at an early stage in order to begin a study of the case and to undertake rehabilitation as early as possible. PMID: 23799595 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Revista de Neurologia - July 1, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Pina-Jover M, Martinez-Del Villar M, Lillo-Laguna L, Jadraque-Rodriguez R, Martinez-Pastor P, Jover-Cerda J, Gomez-Gosalvez F Tags: Rev Neurol Source Type: research

Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Migraine
Migraine is the most frequent type of headache in children. In the 1980s, scientists first hypothesized a connection between migraine and mitochondrial (mt) disorders. More recent studies have suggested that at least some subtypes of migraine may be related to a mt defect. Different types of evidence support a relationship between mitochondria (mt) and migraine: (1) Biochemical evidence: Abnormal mt function translates into high intracellular penetration of Ca2+, excessive production of free radicals, and deficient oxidative phosphorylation, which ultimately causes energy failure in neurons and astrocytes, thus triggering ...
Source: Seminars in Pediatric Neurology - September 1, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: William R. Yorns, H. Huntley Hardison Source Type: research

Hippocampal injury-induced cognitive and mood dysfunction, altered neurogenesis, and epilepsy: Can early neural stem cell grafting intervention provide protection?
This article is part of a Special Issue entitled NEWroscience 2013. PMID: 24433836 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Epilepsy and Behaviour - January 13, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Shetty AK Tags: Epilepsy Behav Source Type: research

A Tale of the Good and Bad: Remodeling of the Microtubule Network in the Brain by Cdk5
Abstract Cdk5, a cyclin-dependent kinase family member, is a global orchestrator of neuronal cytoskeletal dynamics. During embryogenesis, Cdk5 is indispensable for brain development. In adults, it is essential for numerous neuronal processes, including higher cognitive functions such as learning and memory formation, drug addiction, pain signaling, and long-term behavior changes through long-term potentiation and long-term depression, all of which rely on rapid alterations in the cytoskeleton. Cdk5 activity becomes deregulated in various brain disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Hunt...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - March 5, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Simulation of Neurological Emergencies for Milestones-Based Learning and Assessment (P2.357)
CONCLUSIONS: Simulations of neurological emergencies can increase resident comfort in several aspects of care and can be used to reliably assess resident competence based on the Neurology Milestones.Disclosure: Dr. Loomis has nothing to disclose. Dr. Robeson has nothing to disclose. Dr. DiCapua has received personal compensation for activities as a consultant. Dr. Dodge has nothing to disclose. Dr. Evans has nothing to disclose. Dr. Moadel has nothing to disclose. Dr. Cruz has nothing to disclose. Dr. Moeller has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 3, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Loomis, C., Robeson, K., DiCapua, D., Dodge, K., Evans, L., Moadel, T., Cruz, L., Moeller, J. Tags: Education Research: Graduate Medical Education Source Type: research

Identification of ADHD in Youth with Epilepsy (P3.257)
Conclusion. Inclusion of behavior rating scales as part of routine care in neurology clinics may be the most efficient and cost effective way to identify ADHD in youth with epilepsy.Disclosure: Dr. Kral has nothing to disclose. Dr. Lally has nothing to disclose. Dr. Boan has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 3, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Kral, M., Lally, M., Boan, A. Tags: Child Neurology and Developmental Neurology: Epilepsy, Hypoxia, and Stroke Source Type: research

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