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Mental Health, Sleep Deprivation and Career Stress in EMS and Fire
The human brain is a marvelous, yet complicated system. Researchers spend entire careers studying what makes the brain act or react to certain experiences. A mental health issue stemming from life’s experiences has culturally been seen as a sign of weakness, but actually is part of a very complex architecture that’s unique from person to person. In order to gain an understanding of how stress plays a role in the lives of first responders, we need to start answering some hard questions: What leads to burn-out? What’s associated with PTSD? How is lack of sleep affecting the mental health states of first responders? The...
Source: JEMS Special Topics - December 13, 2018 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Morgan K. Anderson, MPH Tags: Exclusive Articles Resiliency Operations Source Type: news

Book Review: Clinical Applications of the Polyvagal Theory
Clinical Applications of the Polyvagal Theory is another work in the Norton series on interpersonal neurobiology. I have come to believe that at least three theories are indispensable in learning and understanding how and why we behave the way we do — attribution theory, attachment theory, and our underlying physiology of safety, called the polyvagal theory. The polyvagal theory was developed by Stephen Porges and presented to the Society for Psychophysiological Research in 1994. The theory takes into account how our autonomic nervous system is constantly working to keep us safe. Very simply, the components are our ...
Source: Psych Central - February 4, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Stan Rockwell, PsyD Tags: Anxiety Book Reviews Disorders General Memory and Perception Mindfulness Neuroscience Panic Disorder Personal Stories Psychological Assessment Psychology Psychotherapy PTSD Relationships & Love Relaxation and Meditation Traum Source Type: news

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Use in Warfighting: Benefits, Risks, and Future Prospects
Conclusion The aim of this paper was to examine whether military tDCS use can be efficacious and ethical in military settings. Our assessment is that tDCS offers a number of cognitive, motor, and perceptual enhancement opportunities which could provide value in military situations like training and operations. There is potential scope for use in a number of key areas that directly affect practical battlefield advantage and survivability, such as deceptive capabilities, risk-taking, threat detection, perception, and physiological improvement. Additionally, tDCS has the potential to improve command and control decision maki...
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - April 17, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

The role of GFAP and vimentin in learning and memory.
Authors: Wilhelmsson U, Pozo-Rodrigalvarez A, Kalm M, Pablo Y, Widestrand Å, Pekna M, Pekny M Abstract Intermediate filaments (also termed nanofilaments) are involved in many cellular functions and play important roles in cellular responses to stress. The upregulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and vimentin (Vim), intermediate filament proteins of astrocytes, is the hallmark of astrocyte activation and reactive gliosis in response to injury, ischemia or neurodegeneration. Reactive gliosis is essential for the protective role of astrocytes at acute stages of neurotrauma or ischemic stroke. However, G...
Source: Biological Chemistry - May 9, 2019 Category: Chemistry Tags: Biol Chem Source Type: research

Early History of Amnesia.
Authors: Langer KG Abstract Memory and forgetfulness have been viewed since antiquity from perspectives of physical, emotional, and spiritual states of well-being, and conceptualized philosophically. Numerous discussions of memory loss, or case reports, existed, but a fundamental advance in conceptualization of memory loss as a pathological clinical phenomenon originated when Sauvages classified "amnesia" as a medical disorder, in 1763. Originally, amnesia was recognized as a weakening or dissolution of memory, according to a taxonomy that ascribed known causes to the disorder. Etiologic factors included neurologic...
Source: Frontiers of Neurology and Neuroscience - June 22, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Tags: Front Neurol Neurosci Source Type: research

Vagus nerve stimulation enhances fear extinction as an inverted-U function of stimulation intensity
Exp Neurol. 2021 Apr 9:113718. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113718. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTStudies in rodents indicate that pairing vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) with extinction training enhances fear extinction. However, the role of stimulation parameters on the effects of VNS remains largely unknown. Identifying the optimal stimulation intensity is a critical step in clinical translation of neuromodulation-based therapies. Here, we sought to investigate the role of stimulation intensity in rats receiving VNS paired with extinction training in a rat model for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Male Sprague-Dawl...
Source: Experimental Neurology - April 12, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Rimenez R Souza Nicole M Robertson Christa K McIntyre Robert L Rennaker Seth A Hays Michael P Kilgard Source Type: research

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