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Robot-Assisted Therapy in Upper Extremity Hemiparesis: Overview of an Evidence-Based Approach
Conclusion Robotic therapy has matured and represents an embodiment of a paradigm shift in neurorehabilitation following a stroke: instead of focusing on compensation, it affords focus in ameliorating the impaired limb in line with concepts of neuroplasticity. This technology-based treatment provides intensity, interactivity, flexibility, and adaptiveness to patient's performance and needs. Furthermore, it increases the productivity of rehabilitation care. Of course, efficiency must be discussed within a local perspective. For example, following the cost containment shown in the VA ROBOTICS study (46), the UK Nati...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 23, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Chronic Fluoxetine Induces Activity Changes in Recovery From Poststroke Anxiety, Depression, and Cognitive Impairment
AbstractPoststroke depression (PSD) is a common outcome of stroke that limits recovery and is only partially responsive to chronic antidepressant treatment. In order to elucidate changes in the cortical-limbic circuitry associated with PSD and its treatment, we examined a novel mouse model of persistent PSD. Focal endothelin-1-induced ischemia of the left medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in male C57BL6 mice resulted in a chronic anxiety and depression phenotype. Here, we show severe cognitive impairment in spatial learning and memory in the stroke mice. The behavioral and cognitive phenotypes were reversed by chronic (4-wee...
Source: Neurotherapeutics - December 4, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Aberrant CaMKII activity in the medial prefrontal cortex is associated with cognitive dysfunction in ADHD model rats.
Abstract Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a heterogeneous neurobehavioral disorder accompanied by cognitive and learning deficits, which is prevalent among boys. Juvenile male stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) exhibit ADHD-like behaviors including cognitive deficits and represent one animal model of ADHD. Here, we define a mechanism underlying cognitive dysfunction observed in SHRSP. Acute methylphenidate (MPH: 1mg/kg, p.o.) administration to SHRSP significantly improved not only inattention in a Y-maze task but also cognitive dysfunction in a novel object recognition test. Int...
Source: Brain Research - February 19, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Yabuki Y, Shioda N, Maeda T, Hiraide S, Togashi H, Fukunaga K Tags: Brain Res Source Type: research

A Tale of the Good and Bad: Remodeling of the Microtubule Network in the Brain by Cdk5
Abstract Cdk5, a cyclin-dependent kinase family member, is a global orchestrator of neuronal cytoskeletal dynamics. During embryogenesis, Cdk5 is indispensable for brain development. In adults, it is essential for numerous neuronal processes, including higher cognitive functions such as learning and memory formation, drug addiction, pain signaling, and long-term behavior changes through long-term potentiation and long-term depression, all of which rely on rapid alterations in the cytoskeleton. Cdk5 activity becomes deregulated in various brain disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Hunt...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - March 5, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Identification of ADHD in Youth with Epilepsy (P3.257)
Conclusion. Inclusion of behavior rating scales as part of routine care in neurology clinics may be the most efficient and cost effective way to identify ADHD in youth with epilepsy.Disclosure: Dr. Kral has nothing to disclose. Dr. Lally has nothing to disclose. Dr. Boan has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 3, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Kral, M., Lally, M., Boan, A. Tags: Child Neurology and Developmental Neurology: Epilepsy, Hypoxia, and Stroke Source Type: research

Epilepsy as a Network Disorder (1): What can we learn from other network disorders such as autistic spectrum disorder and mood disorders?
Publication date: Available online 26 October 2017 Source:Epilepsy & Behavior Author(s): Andres M. Kanner, Helen Scharfman, Nathalie Jette, Evdokia Anagnostou, Christophe Bernard, Carol Camfield, Peter Camfield, Karen Legg, Ilan Dinstein, Peter Giacobe, Alon Friedman, Bernd Pohlmann-Eden Epilepsy is a neurologic condition which often occurs with other neurologic and psychiatric disorders. The relation between epilepsy and these conditions is complex. Some population-based studies have identified a bidirectional relation, whereby not only patients with epilepsy are at increased risk of suffering from some of these ...
Source: Epilepsy and Behavior - October 31, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research