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Drug: Clonidine

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Total 27 results found since Jan 2013.

Alpha-2 adrenergic agonists for the prevention of cardiac complications among adults undergoing surgery.
CONCLUSIONS: Our review concludes that prophylactic α-2 adrenergic agonists generally do not prevent perioperative death or major cardiac complications. For non-cardiac surgery, there is moderate-to-high quality evidence that these agents do not prevent death, myocardial infarction or stroke. Conversely, there is moderate quality evidence that these agents have important adverse effects, namely increased risks of hypotension and bradycardia. For cardiac surgery, there is moderate quality evidence that α-2 adrenergic agonists have no effect on the risk of mortality or myocardial infarction, and that they increase the risk...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - March 6, 2018 Category: General Medicine Authors: Duncan D, Sankar A, Beattie WS, Wijeysundera DN Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

First-line diuretics versus other classes of antihypertensive drugs for hypertension
CONCLUSIONS: When used as first-line agents for the treatment of hypertension, thiazides and thiazide-like drugs likely do not change total mortality and likely decrease some morbidity outcomes such as cardiovascular events and withdrawals due to adverse effects, when compared to beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, and alpha-blockers.PMID:37439548 | DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD008161.pub3
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - July 13, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Marcia Reinhart Lorri Puil Douglas M Salzwedel James M Wright Source Type: research

Managing menopause.
Authors: Reid R, Abramson BL, Blake J, Desindes S, Dodin S, Johnston S, Rowe T, Sodhi N, Wilks P, Wolfman W, Menopause and Osteoporosis Working Group, Fortier M, Reid R, Abramson BL, Blake J, Desindes S, Dodin S, Graves L, Guthrie B, Khan A, Johnston S, Rowe T, Sodhi N, Wilks P, Wolfman W Abstract OBJECTIVE: To provide updated guidelines for health care providers on the management of menopause in asymptomatic healthy women as well as in women presenting with vasomotor or urogenital symptoms and on considerations related to cardiovascular disease, breast cancer, urogynaecology, and sexuality. OUTCOMES: Lifestyle...
Source: Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada : JOGC - December 2, 2014 Category: OBGYN Tags: J Obstet Gynaecol Can Source Type: research

Updates in perioperative medicine
CONCLUSIONSThe body of literature reviewed provides important information for clinicians caring for surgical patients across multiple fronts, including preoperative risk assessment, medication management, and postoperative medical care. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2015. © 2015 Society of Hospital Medicine
Source: Journal of Hospital Medicine - September 18, 2015 Category: Hospital Management Authors: Suparna Dutta, Steven L. Cohn, Kurt J. Pfeifer, Barbara A. Slawski, Gerald W. Smetana, Amir K. Jaffer Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Neuraxial block and postoperative epidural analgesia: effects on outcomes in the POISE-2 trial
Conclusions. Neuraxial block and postoperative epidural analgesia were not associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes among POISE-2 subjects.
Source: British Journal of Anaesthesia - December 16, 2015 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Leslie, K., McIlroy, D., Kasza, J., Forbes, A., Kurz, A., Khan, J., Meyhoff, C. S., Allard, R., Landoni, G., Jara, X., Lurati Buse, G., Candiotti, K., Lee, H.-S., Gupta, R., VanHelder, T., Purayil, W., De Hert, S., Treschan, T., Devereaux, P. J. Tags: Regional Anaesthesia Source Type: research

Non-hormonal replacement therapy regimens: do they have an effect on cardiovascular risk?
CONCLUSION: Further research is needed to produce definite conclusions regarding the cardiovascular safety of non-hormonal medications for menopausal symptoms relief. PMID: 30205798 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Vascular Pharmacology - September 10, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Mareti E, Ampatzi C, Paschou SA, Voziki E, Goulis DG Tags: Curr Vasc Pharmacol Source Type: research

Teaching NeuroImages: Perfusion imaging of cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome following revascularization
A 69-year-old man developed acute-onset confusion and hypertension with systolic pressures in the 160s 1 day after carotid endarterectomy for right facial droop from left hemispheric lacunar infarcts. CT perfusion (figure, A–D) demonstrated findings consistent with cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome (CHS) following revascularization. CHS is caused by loss of autoregulation, hypertension, and ischemia-reperfusion injury resulting in increased regional blood flow and vascular congestion.1 CHS following revascularization may present as ipsilateral headache, focal seizure, or neurologic deficit. Nonperfusion imaging may sh...
Source: Neurology - July 22, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Kalra, V. B., Rao, B., Malhotra, A. Tags: CT, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke RESIDENT AND FELLOW SECTION Source Type: research

Perioperative Aspirin and Clonidine and Risk of Acute Kidney Injury
In this sub-study of the POISE-2 study, neither ASA or clonidine reduced the risk of acute kidney injury after non-cardiac surgery. Of note, aspirin increased the risk of major bleeding (which was associated with a greater risk of acute kidney injury).  As well, clonidine increased the risk of clinically important hypotension (which was associated with a greater risk of acute kidney injury). : Stroke and Bleeding in Atrial Fibrillation with Chronic Kidney Disease Risk of acute kidney injury associated with the use of fluoroquinolones Chronic Dialysis and Death Among Survivors of Acute Kidney Injury Requiring Dialysis
Source: Nephrology Now - November 16, 2014 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Nephrology Now editors Tags: Acute Kidney Injury Source Type: research

Questions linger over POISE-2 and perioperative aspirin management
Commentary on: Devereaux PJ, Mrkobrada M, Sessler DI, et al.. Aspirin in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery. N Engl J Med 2014;370:1494–503. Context Aspirin therapy for secondary prevention in patients with cardiovascular (CV) disease was catalysed by the Antithrombotic Trialists’ Collaboration meta-analysis in which antiplatelet therapy (primarily aspirin) demonstrated a 22% reduction in mortality from any vascular cause.1 Based on this meta-analysis and American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines, high-risk patients (those with coronary artery, cerebrovascular or peripheral vascular disease) should be pre...
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - November 19, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Gerstein, N. S., Charlton, G. A. Tags: Epidemiologic studies, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Stroke, Interventional cardiology, Ischaemic heart disease Therapeutics Source Type: research

Intrathecal Clonidine via Lumbar Puncture Decreases Blood Pressure in Patients With Poorly Controlled Hypertension
ConclusionsThis is the first clinical study in subjects with hypertension that demonstrates significant and profound acute reductions in blood pressure after a single dose of intrathecal clonidine. Future placebo‐controlled, dose‐escalating studies are warranted to assess the long‐term effects of intrathecal clonidine infusion via an implantable drug pump in patients with treatment‐resistant hypertension at risk of stroke or myocardial infarction.
Source: Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface - April 1, 2015 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Chris B. Komanski, Richard L. Rauck, James M. North, Kyung S. Hong, Robert D'Angelo, Keith R. Hildebrand Tags: Clinical Research Source Type: research

Therapeutic Advances in the Management of Orthostatic Hypotension
Conclusions: Although there is no accepted protocol regarding how to manage hypertension in patients with OH, some studies favor the use of beta blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers, over alpha-receptor antagonists and diuretics.
Source: American Journal of Therapeutics - January 1, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Systematic Review and Clinical Guidelines Source Type: research

Light-Induced Pupillary Responses in Alzheimer's Disease
Light-Induced Pupillary Responses in Alzheimer's Disease Pratik S. Chougule1, Raymond P. Najjar1,2, Maxwell T. Finkelstein1, Nagaendran Kandiah3,4 and Dan Milea1,2,5* 1Department of Visual Neurosciences, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore 2The Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences ACP, Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) Medical School, Singapore, Singapore 3Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore 4Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore 5Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore The impact of Alzhe...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 11, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Intrathecal baclofen as emergency treatment alleviates severe intractable autonomic dysreflexia in cervical spinal cord injury.
Conclusion/Clinical Relevance: The case demonstrated that refractory AD could be managed with ITB in an emergency. PMID: 31815605 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine - December 10, 2019 Category: Orthopaedics Tags: J Spinal Cord Med Source Type: research