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Else_BRB_110660Docosahexaenoic acid promotes M2 microglia phenotype via activating PPAR γ-mediated ERK/AKT pathway against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury
Brain Res Bull. 2023 May 4:110660. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.110660. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIn ischemia-reperfusion stroke, microglia play a dual role in brain injury as well as brain repair, and promoting their switch from a pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype to an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype is considered to be a potential therapeutic strategy. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an essential long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid that exhibits potent anti-inflammatory properties in the acute phase of ischemic stroke, but its effect on microglia polarization is unknown. Thus, the objective of this study was ...
Source: Brain Research Bulletin - May 6, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Huijing Lv Shuai Jia Yanan Sun Meng Pang E Lv Xiangling Li Qinghui Meng Yanqiang Wang Source Type: research

Association between white matter hyperintensity volume and social functioning limitations among stroke survivors
Existing literature on white matter hyperintensity volume (WMHV) in stroke patients has rarely focused on post-stroke outcomes related to social functioning limitations, such as transportation, social interaction, food preparation, grocery shopping, and housekeeping. Using prospective data from the VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL (VITAL) study, we evaluated the association between WMHV and social functioning limitations among 151 ischemic stroke patients.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - September 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Flora G. Chang, Natalia S. Rost, JoAnn E. Manson, Julie E. Buring, Pamela M. Rist Source Type: research

Dietary Oily Fish Intake is Inversely Associated with Severity of White Matter Hyperintensities of Presumed Vascular Origin. A Population-Based Study in Frequent Fish Consumers of Amerindian Ancestry
Oily fish is a major dietary source of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and other nutrients that may reduce the expression of cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) biomarkers, including white matter hyperintensities (WMH) of presumed vascular origin. However, information on this relationship is limited. We aimed to assess the association between oily fish intake and WMH severity in a population of frequent fish consumers.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - April 7, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Oscar H. Del Brutto, Bettsy Y. Recalde, Robertino M. Mera Source Type: research

Acute Injection of Omega-3 Triglyceride Emulsion Provides Very Similar Protection as Hypothermia in a Neonatal Mouse Model of Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury
Therapeutic hypothermia (HT) is a currently accepted treatment for neonatal asphyxia and is a promising strategy in adult stroke therapy. We previously reported that acute administration of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) triglyceride emulsion (tri-DHA) protects against hypoxic-ischemic (HI) injury in neonatal mice. We questioned if co-treatment with HT and tri-DHA would achieve synergic effects in protecting the brain from HI injury. Neonatal mice (10-day old) subjected to HI injury were placed in temperature-controlled chambers for 4 h of either HT (rectal temperature 31–32°C) or normothermia (NT, rectal temperature 37°C)...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - January 15, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Mfsd2a Attenuates Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption After Sub-arachnoid Hemorrhage by Inhibiting Caveolae-Mediated Transcellular Transport in Rats
In this study, a prechiasmatic cistern single-injection model was used to produce experimental SAH in Sprague-Dawley rats. Specific small-interfering RNA and plasmids were used to downregulate and upregulate the expression of Mfsd2a prior to assessments in our SAH model. Omega-3 fatty acid deficiency diet was used to reduce DHA in rat brain. The expression level of Mfsd2a decreased significantly after SAH and reached its lowest level at 72  h post-SAH, which then gradually recovered. At 72 h after SAH, BBB function was disrupted; upregulation of Mfsd2a reversed this damage, whereas downregulation of Mfsd2a exacerbated th...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 5, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Post-stroke administration of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids promotes neurovascular restoration after ischemic stroke in mice: Efficacy declines with aging.
Abstract Post-stroke treatment with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) may be a promising therapy in young animals but this has not been tested in aged subjects, a population at most risk of ischemic stroke. Herein we examined the therapeutic efficacy of n-3 PUFAs after distal middle cerebral artery occlusion (dMCAO) in young (10-12 weeks old) and aged (18 months old) mice. Post-ischemic mice were randomly assigned to 4 groups that received: 1) regular food with low content of n-3 PUFAs, 2) intraperitoneal docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, a major component of n-3 PUFAs) injections, 3) Fish oil (FO, cont...
Source: Neurobiology of Disease - September 12, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Jiang X, Suenaga J, Pu H, Wei Z, Smith AD, Hu X, Shi Y, Chen J Tags: Neurobiol Dis Source Type: research

Omega-3 fatty acid supplement reduces activation of NADPH oxidase in intracranial atherosclerosis stenosis.
Conclusions Long-term O3FA dietary supplementation prevents the development of intracranial atherosclerosis. This O3FA effect appears to be mediated by its attenuation of NOX subunit expression and NOX activity, therefore reducing ROS production. O3FA dietary supplement shows promising results in the prevention of ICAS. PMID: 29576013 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Neurological Research - March 27, 2018 Category: Neurology Tags: Neurol Res Source Type: research

Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Incident Ischemic Stroke and Its Atherothrombotic and Cardioembolic Subtypes in 3 US Cohorts Clinical Sciences
Conclusions—In 3 large US cohorts, higher circulating levels of DHA were inversely associated with incident atherothrombotic stroke and DPA with cardioembolic stroke. These novel findings suggest differential pathways of benefit for DHA, DPA, and eicosapentaenoic acid.
Source: Stroke - September 25, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Hamidreza Saber, Mohammad Yawar Yakoob, Peilin Shi, W.T. Longstreth Jr, Rozenn N. Lemaitre, David Siscovick, Kathryn M. Rexrode, Walter C. Willett, Dariush Mozaffarian Tags: Epidemiology, Primary Prevention, Risk Factors, Ischemic Stroke Original Contributions Source Type: research

Delayed Docosahexaenoic Acid Treatment Combined with Dietary Supplementation of Omega-3 Fatty Acids Promotes Long-Term Neurovascular Restoration After Ischemic Stroke
In this study, we investigated the effect of n-3 PUFA supplementation, as well as in combination with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) injections, on long-term stroke outcomes. Mice were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) before randomly assigned to four groups to receive the following: (1) low dose of n-3 PUFAs as the vehicle control, (2) intraperitoneal DHA injections, (3) n-3 PUFA dietary supplement, or (4) combined treatment of (2) and (3). Neurological deficits and brain atrophy, neurogenesis, angiogenesis, and glial scar formation were assessed up to 28  days after MCAO. Results revealed that g...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - August 26, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids enhance cerebral angiogenesis and provide long-term protection after stroke.
Abstract Stroke is a devastating neurological disorder and one of the leading causes of death and serious disability. After cerebral ischemia, revascularization in the ischemic boundary zone provides nutritive blood flow as well as various growth factors to promote the survival and activity of neurons and neural progenitor cells. Enhancement of angiogenesis and the resulting improvement of cerebral microcirculation are key restorative mechanisms and represent an important therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that post-stroke angiogenesis would be enhanced by omeg...
Source: Neurobiology of Disease - April 29, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Wang J, Shi Y, Zhang L, Zhang F, Hu X, Zhang W, Leak RK, Gao Y, Chen L, Chen J Tags: Neurobiol Dis Source Type: research