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Canagliflozin Inhibits Human Endothelial Cell Proliferation and Tube Formation
In conclusion, the present study identified canagliflozin as a potent inhibitor of human EC proliferation. The anti-proliferative action of canagliflozin is observed in ECs isolated from both the venous and arterial circulation, and is partly due to the blockade of cyclin A expression. In addition, this study found that canagliflozin inhibits tube formation in cultured ECs and mouse aortic rings. Notably, these actions are specific for canagliflozin and not seen with other SGLT2 inhibitors. The ability of canagliflozin to exert these pleiotropic effects on EC function may contribute to both the adverse and salutary actions...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 15, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

1H NMR-Based Metabolomics Reveals Refined-Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Decoction (BBG) as a Potential Ischemic Stroke Treatment Drug With Efficacy and a Favorable Therapeutic Window
This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of Animal Ethics Committee of China Pharmaceutical University. The protocol was approved by Animal Ethics Committee of China Pharmaceutical University. Author Contributions JW, MY, and LK conceived the experiments and helped to coordinate support and funding. XF performed the research and drafted the manuscript. SL, YL, and DX participated in the experiments. JW analyzed the data and edited the paper. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Conflict of Interest Statement The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of an...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 11, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Role of TREK-1 in Health and Disease, Focus on the Central Nervous System
Conclusion and Perspectives Since their cloning 20 years ago, the physiological importance of TREK-1 channels has continued to grow (Figure 3). Today, TREK-1 channels have been shown to be important and their presence is essential in a number of physiopathological processes. Their involvement in these different processes demonstrate the necessity to design pharmacological modulators, activators or inhibitors, of these channels to correct any TREK-1-related dysfunctions. Despites a number of studies and many molecule screenings, only few putative new drugs were identified. The activators belonging to the ML and BL series ...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 10, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

YiQiFuMai Powder Injection Attenuates Coronary Artery Ligation-Induced Heart Failure Through Improving Mitochondrial Function via Regulating ROS Generation and CaMKII Signaling Pathways
This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of “Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, National Institutes of Health.” The protocol was approved by the “China Pharmaceutical University.” Surgical Preparation The mice were anesthetized with chloral hydrate (4% chloral hydrate, ip). The HF model was induced by CAL as previously reported (Gao et al., 2010). Successful ligation of the coronary artery was confirmed by the occurrence of ST-segment elevation in electrocardiogram. Sham operated mice were performed the same process except left CAL. After ligation, the h...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 9, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

YiQi Tongluo Granule against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats by freezing GluN2B and CaMK Ⅱ through NMDAR/ERK1/2 Signaling.
This study is aimed to evaluate the protective effect of YQTL on cerebral ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury and inquire into its underlying mechanisms. Cerebral I/R injury was induced by occluding the middle cerebral artery for 2 h followed by 24 h reperfusion. And regional cerebral flow was monitored by Laser Doppler flow during ischemia phase. The infarct volume was evaluated by Triphenyte-trazolium chloride staining. The protective effects of YQTL were assessed by a number of parameters, including neurological scores, regional cerebral blood flow, pathological changes of neuron in hippocampuses and hippocampus calcium l...
Source: Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - December 28, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Wu SP, Li D, Wang N, Hou JC, Zhao L Tags: Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) Source Type: research

Xuesaitong may protect against ischemic stroke by modulating microglial phenotypes and inhibiting neuronal cell apoptosis via the STAT3 signaling pathway.
CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated that xuesaitong has long-term neuroprotective effects against ischemic stroke, possibly by promoting the polarization of microglia to an M2 phenotype and by inhibiting neuronal cell death via down-regulation of the STAT3 signaling pathway, providing new evidence that xuesaitong might be a promising therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke. PMID: 30426907 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: CNS and Neurological Disorders Drug Targets - November 14, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Li F, Zhao H, Han Z, Wang R, Tao Z, Fan Z, Zhang S, Li G, Chen Z, Luo Y Tags: CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets Source Type: research

The neuroprotective effect of lithium chloride on cognitive impairment through glycogen synthase kinase-3 β inhibition in intracerebral hemorrhage rats.
In this study, Male Sprague-Dawley rats, subjected to intrastriatal blood infusion, were treated with lithium chloride and underwent neurobehavioral test for equivalent injury severity and neurological functional deficits, Morris water maze test for cognitive impairment, high performance liquid chromatography analysis for excitotoxic index determination, immunohistochemistry analysis for neuronal apoptosis, and Western blot analysis for glycogen synthase kinase-3β activity. Our results showed lithium chloride inhibited glycogen synthase kinase-3β activation, which on one hand, suppressed downstream CRMP-2/NR2B, thus dimi...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - October 15, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Liu Z, Li R, Jiang C, Zhao S, Li W, Tang X Tags: Eur J Pharmacol Source Type: research

Protective effect of rutin isolated from Spermococe hispida against cobalt chloride-induced hypoxic injury in H9c2 cells by inhibiting oxidative stress and inducing apoptosis
ConclusionThe overall findings reinforce the cardioprotective action of rutin, a potential source of antioxidant of natural origin, which may help in mitigating the progress of oxidative stress in hypoxic conditions such as myocardial infarction and stroke.Graphical abstract
Source: Phytomedicine - October 5, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Protective Effects of Shenfu Injection against Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Activation of eNOS in Rats.
Abstract The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effects of Shenfu injection (SFI) against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI) in model rats and to explore its mechanism of action. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were pretreated with SFI and L-NAME via tail vein injection and then rats were subjected to ischemia by occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 30min followed by reperfusion for 120min. Left ventricular function was evaluated by echocardiography. Hemodynamic was measured by the Millar pressure - volume system; serum creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenas...
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - June 16, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Yan-Yan W, Yan-Yan L, Lin L, Dong-Li Y, Kun Z, Yu-Hong L Tags: Biol Pharm Bull Source Type: research

Shengui Sansheng San extraction is an angiogenic switch via regulations of AKT/mTOR, ERK1/2 and Notch1 signal pathways after ischemic stroke
Conclusion Our study firstly demonstrates that SSS extraction is an angiogenic switch. Due to suppressed VEGFR2/Notch1 cascades and activated AKT/mTOR and ERK1/2 signals in BMECs, a feedback loop of angiogenic homeostasis is established. Furthermore, the comprehensive mediations of SDF-1α/CXCR4 axis, AKT/mTOR/HIF-α, ERK1/2 and Notch1 pathways in penumbra contribute to the improvements of neurological function, survival rate and infarct volume post-stroke. Graphical abstract
Source: Phytomedicine - April 10, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Facilitation of ultrasonic microvesicles on homing and molecular mechanism of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in cerebral infarction patients.
CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound microvesicle facilitated homing of BMSCs in cerebral infarction, and improved infarction disease via up-regulating VEGF expression, inhibiting NF-κB expression, and modulating apoptosis. PMID: 28975970 [PubMed - in process]
Source: European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences - October 5, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

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