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Plaque Composition in the Proximal Superficial Femoral Artery and Peripheral Artery Disease Events
Conclusions Among patients with PAD, LRNC in the SFA was associated with higher rates of clinical PAD events, and this association was independent of ABI. Further study is needed to determine whether interventions that reduce SFA LRNC prevent PAD events.
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Imaging - September 4, 2017 Category: Radiology Authors: McDermott, M. M., Kramer, C. M., Tian, L., Carr, J., Guralnik, J. M., Polonsky, T., Carroll, T., Kibbe, M., Criqui, M. H., Ferrucci, L., Zhao, L., Hippe, D. S., Wilkins, J., Xu, D., Liao, Y., McCarthy, W., Yuan, C. Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Acute Intravenous Calcium Antagonist for Suspected Hemiplegic Migraine – A Case Story
We present a 28-year-old woman with a suspected hemiplegic migraine attack with left-sided hemiparalysis. Brain CT with perfusion imaging 1 h 54 min after symptom onset revealed hypoperfusion in the right hemisphere. The patient was treated with intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) with no effect. After a subsequent intravenous verapamil infusion, the patient gained full motor function within 10 min. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed 5 h 46 min after symptom onset revealed diffusion restriction in the same area as the hypoperfusion on CT. There were no notable changes on T2 images. The...
Source: Case Reports in Neurology - May 5, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Neuroimaging and Blood Biomarkers in Functional Prognosis after Stroke.
CONCLUSION: Although some biomarkers and neuroimaging techniques have potential predictive value, none of the studies were able to support its use, alone or in association, as a clinically useful functionality predictor model. All the evaluated markers were considered insufficient to predict functional prognosis at three months, when applied in the first hours after stroke. Additional studies are necessary to identify reliable predictive markers for functional prognosis after ischemic stroke. PMID: 28229841 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Acta Medica Portuguesa - February 25, 2017 Category: Journals (General) Tags: Acta Med Port Source Type: research

Comparison of Carotid Plaque Score and Coronary Artery Calcium Score for Predicting Cardiovascular Disease Events: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Epidemiology
BackgroundCoronary artery calcium (CAC) predicts coronary heart disease (CHD) events better than carotid wall plaque presence; however, differences in the utility of CAC burden and carotid plaque burden across the spectrum of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events is unknown.Methods and ResultsCVD, CHD and stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA) events were evaluated prospectively in a multiethnic cohort without CVD at baseline. Carotid plaque score was determined by the number of ultrasound‐detected plaques in the common, bifurcation, and internal carotid artery segments. CAC was detected by computed tomography. Predictive ...
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - February 14, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Gepner, A. D., Young, R., Delaney, J. A., Budoff, M. J., Polak, J. F., Blaha, M. J., Post, W. S., Michos, E. D., Kaufman, J., Stein, J. H. Tags: Epidemiology, Primary Prevention, Risk Factors, Computerized Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Original Research Source Type: research

Pertussis toxin reduces calcium influx to protect ischemic stroke in a middle cerebral artery occlusion model
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - September 1, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Zhiwei Tang, Shiping Li, Pengcheng Han, Junxiang Yin, Yan Gan, Qingwei Liu, Jinkun Wang, Chongqian Wang, Yu Li, Jiong Shi Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

New Insights from Major Prospective Cohort Studies with Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR)
Abstract Since 1948, epidemiology studies played an important role in understanding cardiovascular disease and afforded an opportunity to learn about newer diagnostic tests. In 2000, the MESA Study incorporated several advanced cardiovascular imaging modalities including cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and coronary artery calcium scans. The decade of follow-up enabled prognosis studies, an important step beyond association studies. In brief, left ventricular hypertrophy by cardiac MRI predicted incident heart failure and stroke. In the MESA Study, coronary artery calcium was a better predictor of coronar...
Source: Current Cardiology Reports - May 5, 2015 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Valproic acid ameliorates ischemic brain injury in hyperglycemic rats with permanent middle cerebral occlusion.
In this study, we investigate the effects of VPA on permanent ischemic stroke with hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia was induced by streptozotocin (STZ) injection 3 days before. Test animals received a single injection of VPA immediately after induction of ischemia. Control animals received occlusion and physiological saline injection, or STZ, occlusion, and saline. Magnetic resonance imaging of cerebral blood flow (CBF) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was performed 60min after ischemia. Infarct volume, neurological deficits, rotarod test performance, and immunohistological markers were assessed 3 days after ischemia. ...
Source: Brain Research - February 23, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Suda S, Ueda M, Nito C, Nishiyama Y, Okubo S, Abe A, Aoki J, Suzuki K, Sakamoto Y, Kimura K Tags: Brain Res Source Type: research

N-type calcium channel antibody-mediated paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis: A diagnostic challenge
Conclusion: This case highlights limbic encephalitis as an atypical presentation of neuroendocrine cancer. It also illustrates how treatment of the underlying cancer can reverse limbic encephalitis and Lambert–Eaton myasthenic syndrome in a neuroendocrine carcinoma patient even before the paraneoplastic panel becomes negative.
Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences - January 27, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Carlos Kamiya-Matsuoka, David Blas-Boria, Michelle D. Williams, Pedro Garciarena, Sudhakar Tummala, Ivo W. Tremont-Lukats Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Sodium accumulation is associated with disability and progression in multiple sclerosis: a 23na mri study
Conclusions Significant increases in sodium were seen in lesions and normal appearing brain tissues in MS. Increased concentration of sodium in lesions, cortical grey matter, NAWM and basal ganglia in SPMS versus RRMS indicates greater neuroaxonal metabolic dysfunction and/or loss in the former group. MRI measurement of sodium concentration in vivo is likely to reflect clinically relevant neuroaxonal pathophysiology and may be a useful outcome measure in trials of putative neuroprotective treatments.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - October 9, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Paling, D., Solanky, B., Riemer, F., Tozer, D., Wheeler-Kingshott, C., Kapoor, R., Golay, X., Miller, D. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Multiple sclerosis, Stroke, Radiology, Radiology (diagnostics) Association of British Neurologists (ABN) joint meeting with the Royal College of Physicians (RCP), London, 23-24 October 2013 Source Type: research

Cardiac Surgical Delivery of the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium ATPase Rescues Myocytes in Ischemic Heart Failure.
CONCLUSIONS: MCARD-mediated SERCA2a delivery results in robust cardiac specific gene expression, improved contractility, and a decrease in both myocyte apoptosis and myocyte hypertrophy. PMID: 23773730 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Annals of Thoracic Surgery - June 15, 2013 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Fargnoli AS, Katz MG, Yarnall C, Isidro A, Petrov M, Steuerwald N, Ghosh S, Richardville KC, Hillesheim R, Williams RD, Kohlbrenner E, Stedman HH, Hajjar RJ, Bridges CR Tags: Ann Thorac Surg Source Type: research

Left Ventricular Global Function Index by Magnetic Resonance Imaging--A Novel Marker for Assessment of Cardiac Performance for the Prediction of Cardiovascular Events: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Epidemiology/Population Science
Left ventricular (LV) function is generally assessed independent of structural remodeling and vice versa. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a novel LV global function index (LVGFI) that integrates LV structure with global function and to assess its predictive value for cardiovascular (CV) events throughout adult life in a multiethnic population of men and women without history of CV diseases at baseline. A total of 5004 participants in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis underwent a cardiac magnetic resonance study and were followed up for a median of 7.2 years. The LVGFI by cardiac magnetic resonance was def...
Source: Hypertension - March 13, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mewton, N., Opdahl, A., Choi, E.-Y., Almeida, A. L. C., Kawel, N., Wu, C. O., Burke, G. L., Liu, S., Liu, K., Bluemke, D. A., Lima, J. A. C. Tags: Congestive, Risk Factors, Hypertrophy, CT and MRI Epidemiology/Population Science Source Type: research

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