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Pediatric Moyamoya Syndrome Secondary to Tuberculous Meningitis: A Case Report
We report the case of a female patient who initially presented at 6 years of age with TBM and developed moyamoya syndrome requiring revascularization surgery. Results She was found to have basilar meningeal enhancement and right basal ganglia infarcts. She was treated with 12 months of antituberculosis therapy and 12 months of enoxaparin and maintained on daily aspirin indefinitely. However, she developed recurrent headaches and transient ischemic attacks and was found to have progressive bilateral moyamoya arteriopathy. At age 11 years, she underwent bilateral pial synangiosis for the treatment of her moyamoya syndrome. ...
Source: Neurology Clinical Practice - January 18, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Kappel, A. D., Lehman, L. L., Northam, W. T., See, A. P., Smith, E. R. Tags: Clinical/Scientific Note Source Type: research

Evaluating the performance of the PRISMA-7 frailty criteria for predicting disability and death after acute ischemic stroke
Stroke is the second cause of death and disability in the world, affecting close to 14 million people globally per year and being responsible for around 120 million disability-adjusted life years.1,2 More deaths occur worldwide because of stroke than AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria combined.3 Therefore, being able to identify which individuals with stroke are at highest risk of poor function and mortality is critically important given the need for weighing the risks, costs, and benefits of interventions during various shared decision-making processes.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - October 22, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Luana Aparecida Miranda, Gustavo Jos é Luvizutto, Blossom Christa Maree Stephan, Juli Thomaz de Souza, Taís Regina da Silva, Fernanda Cristina Winckler, Natalia Cristina Ferreira, Leticia Claudia de Oliveira Antunes, Pedro Augusto Cândido Bessornia, Si Source Type: research

Neurologic Complications of Tuberculosis
This article describes the current epidemiology, common clinical characteristics, and up-to-date evidence-based approaches to the diagnosis and management of the most common neurologic complications of tuberculosis (TB): tuberculous meningitis, intracranial tuberculoma, and spinal TB. RECENT FINDINGS Central nervous system (CNS) TB remains common and associated with significant mortality and neurologic sequelae worldwide. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection is strongly associated with both the development of and mortality due to CNS TB. Strongyloides co-infection is associated with reduced CNS inflammati...
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - August 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: REVIEW ARTICLES Source Type: research

Infectious Etiologies of Stroke
Semin Neurol 2019; 39: 482-494 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1687915Central nervous system (CNS) infections are a frequently underappreciated potential etiology of cerebrovascular disease. Highlighted in this review are a selection of infectious agents that lead to cerebrovascular complications through various mechanisms including multifocal vasculopathy, focal infiltrative vasculitis and vasospasm, and direct vessel wall invasion and thrombus formation. Diagnosis of stroke due to underlying CNS infection requires a high index of clinical suspicion and careful consideration of neuroimaging, serum, and cerebrospinal fluid studies in ...
Source: Seminars in Neurology - September 17, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Shulman, Julie G. Cervantes-Arslanian, Anna M. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Trends and Characteristics of Tuberculous Meningitis in the United States, 1993-2013 (S30.007)
Conclusions:Over the past two decades, the incidence and mortality of TBM in the US have steadily declined, but neurological complications are increasing.Study Supported by:This work was supported by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders [grant numbers K23NS082367, R01NS097443-01 to H.K.] and the Michael Goldberg Stroke Research Fund to [H.K.].Disclosure: Dr. Merkler has nothing to disclose. Dr. Chatterjee has nothing to disclose. Dr. Gialdini has nothing to disclose. Dr. Reynolds has nothing to disclose. Dr. Morris has nothing to disclose. Dr. Murthy has nothing to disclose. Dr. Thakur has received personal com...
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Merkler, A., Chatterjee, A., Gialdini, G., Reynolds, A., Morris, N., Murthy, S., Thakur, K., Kamel, H. Tags: Infectious Disease: HIV, Syphilis, Borrelia, TB, Cysticercosis, and Other Infections Source Type: research

A Rare Case of Central Nervous System Tuberculosis Presenting as Transient Splenial Lesion: Case Report and Literature Review (P1.320)
Conclusions:Based on literature review, the transient splenial lesion of corpus callosum has never been reported in patients with CNS tuberculosis. The mechanisms underlying transient splenial lesions may due to intramyelinic edema and inflammatory cell infiltration. This hypothesis supported by the MR spectroscopy findings in our patient. Since early diagnosis and treatment can reduce mortality and morbidity, patients with isolated splenial lesion warrant diagnostic tests for CNS tuberculosis.Study Supported by:The authors report no disclosures relevant to the manuscript.Disclosure: Dr. Wu has nothing to disclose. Dr. Che...
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Wu, J.-W., Chen, S. Tags: Autoimmunity with Infection, Syphilis, Lyme, Tuberculosis, and other Bacteria Source Type: research

Burden of Cerebrovascular Disease and its association in the clinical characteristics, Incidence and outcomes in the hospitalized patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Louisville, KY (P1.321)
Conclusions:This study documents worse clinical outcomes and significantly increased mortality in the hospitalized patients with community acquired pneumonia and associated cerebrovascular disease.Disclosure: Dr. SirDeshpande has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kolikonda has nothing to disclose. Dr. Peyrani has nothing to disclose. Dr. Ramirez has nothing to disclose. Dr. Arnold has nothing to disclose. Dr. Wiemken has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: SirDeshpande, P., Kolikonda, M., Peyrani, P., Ramirez, J., Arnold, F., Wiemken, T. Tags: Autoimmunity with Infection, Syphilis, Lyme, Tuberculosis, and other Bacteria Source Type: research

Streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis and intracranial vasculopathy: Clinical correlation with improving transcranial Doppler hemodynamics (P1.322)
Conclusions:Antibiotic treatment for S. pneumoniae meningitis correlated with improvement in clinical status and TCD hemodynamics. Serial TCDs may be a potentially useful strategy in the management of bacterial meningitis.Disclosure: Dr. Idris has nothing to disclose. Dr. Tai has nothing to disclose. Dr. Tan has nothing to disclose. Dr. Tan has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Idris, M. I., Tai, S. M. L., Tan, C. T., Tan, K. S. Tags: Autoimmunity with Infection, Syphilis, Lyme, Tuberculosis, and other Bacteria Source Type: research

Epidemiology of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome and Cerebrovascular Disease in a Post Antiretroviral Era
People with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) develop ischemic stroke through distinct mechanisms. These include infections such as syphilis, tuberculosis, varicella, and other conditions such as cocaine abuse, endocarditis, and hypercoagulability. The effect of improved awareness, detection, and treatment with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on the incidence and outcome of AIDS patients with stroke is unknown.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - February 7, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Phillip Kucab, Pratik Bhattacharya Source Type: research

A reversible stroke-like splenial lesion in viral encephalopathy.
CONCLUSION: Our case confirmed with previous findings that a reversible stroke-like splenial lesion could be seen in virus related encephalopathy and regarded as a good prognosis marker. Transient intramyelinic edema or inflammatory infiltrate is the possible mechanism and further studies enrolling more related cases will be needed to confirm our finding. PMID: 24030090 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Source: Acta Neurologica Taiwanica - December 12, 2015 Category: Neurology Tags: Acta Neurol Taiwan Source Type: research

Stroke and the noncommunicable diseases: A global burden in need of global advocacy
Catalyzed by advocacy in the early period of the global AIDS crisis, the past decades have witnessed a revolution in global health funding, programs, and outcomes. In 2011, global HIV/AIDS programs received $7.7 billion of development assistance, amounting to 25% of total global health funding. In comparison, all noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) combined received only $377 million or 1.2% of global health funding, 20-fold less than HIV/AIDS funding.1 Taken together, NCDs cause an estimated 66% of yearly global mortality.2 The percentage of estimated total global mortality due to stroke (11.3%), a single NCD, exceeds that of...
Source: Neurology - May 25, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Berkowitz, A. L. Tags: Stroke prevention, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES Source Type: research

A Case Report of Rheumatoid Meningitis, an unusual complication of Rheumatoid Arthritis (P4.056)
CONCLUSIONS: Rheumatoid Meningitis is an extremely uncommon complication of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Initial presentations can vary from altered mental status (most common), cranial neuropathies, hemiparesis/paraparesis, seizure, headache and very rarely stroke like symptoms. This patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis presented with multiple stroke like episodes, lepomeningeal enhancement. Diagnosis was established on the basis of Imaging and Histopathology after excluding other potential causes of granulomatous meningitis. Study Supported by: Not applicableDisclosure: Dr. roy has nothing to disclose. Dr. Brink has nothing to dis...
Source: Neurology - April 8, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Roy, B., Brink, J., Bakradze, E., Al Zahmi, F., Uphoff, D., Silverman, I. Tags: MS and CNS Inflammatory Diseases: CNS Inflammatory Diseases and Differential Diagnosis Source Type: research

The Changing Epidemiology of Stroke in Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). (I7-1A)
Conclusions:There is an increased frequency of AIDS among stroke patients, possibly due to the increased detection of AIDS. In the HAART era, the median age of incident stroke in AIDS has increased. Whether HAART can reduce the incidence and improve survival of stroke needs to be explored.Disclosure: Dr. Kucab has received personal compensation for activities with Bayer HealthCare as an advisory board participant. Dr. Bhattacharya has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 8, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Kucab, P., Bhattacharya, P. Tags: The Global Burden of Neurological Infections: Epidemiology, Treatment, and Prevention Data Blitz Presentations Source Type: research

Myriad Manifestations of a Global Infectious Disease (I7-5A)
CONCLUSIONS: This case exhibits the myriad manifestations of tuberculosis in one patient; including meningitis, vasculitis, and tuberculomas. It also highlights that insular stroke in the non-dominant hemisphere could affect the cardiovascular-autonomic system.Disclosure: Dr. Prabhu has nothing to disclose. Dr. Raghupathi has nothing to disclose. Dr. Dissin has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 8, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Prabhu, A., Raghupathi, R., Dissin, J. Tags: The Global Burden of Neurological Infections: Epidemiology, Treatment, and Prevention Poster Presentations Source Type: research

The Changing Epidemiology of Stroke in Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). (P1.089)
Conclusions:There is an increased frequency of AIDS among stroke patients, possibly due to the increased detection of AIDS. In the HAART era, the median age of incident stroke in AIDS has increased. Whether HAART can reduce the incidence and improve survival of stroke needs to be explored.Disclosure: Dr. Kucab has received personal compensation for activities with Bayer HealthCare as an advisory board participant. Dr. Bhattacharya has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 8, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Kucab, P., Bhattacharya, P. Tags: Neuroepidemiology: Cerebrovascular Disease Source Type: research

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