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Suggested treatment of serious complications to Covid-19 vaccination with IdeS, a bacterial antibody-cleaving enzyme
J Thromb Haemost. 2021 Jun 24. doi: 10.1111/jth.15433. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSeveral recent reports have independently described a rare thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome (TTS) post vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19. In J. Thromb. Haemost., Ankerlund Blauenfeldt et al. [1] described the clinical presentation of a case of fatal acute ischemic stroke associated with profound thrombocytopenia. The pathogenesis behind this case may involve mechanisms similarly to autoimmune heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) since anti-platelet factor 4(PF-4) antibodies were detected in the patient plasma.PMID:34165239 | DOI:10.1111/jth.15433
Source: Thrombosis and Haemostasis - June 24, 2021 Category: Hematology Authors: Fredrik Kahn Oonagh Shannon Lars Bj örck Source Type: research

Interaction between thrombin potential and age on early clinical outcome in patients hospitalized for COVID-19
AbstractPatients with Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID ‐19) have haemostatic dysfunction and are at higher risk of thrombotic complications. Although age is a major risk factor for outcome impairment in COVID-19, its impact on coagulative patterns here is still unclear. We investigated the association of Endogenous Thrombin Potential (ETP) with thromb otic and haemorrhagic events according to different ages in patients admitted for COVID-19. A total of 27 patients with COVID‐19-related pneumonia, without need for intensive care unit admission or mechanical ventilation at hospital presentation, and 24 controls with non-C...
Source: Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis - June 10, 2021 Category: Hematology Source Type: research

Thrombosis in Covid-19 and non-Covid-19 pneumonia: role of platelets
Platelets. 2021 Jun 7:1-9. doi: 10.1080/09537104.2021.1936478. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPlatelets may be a target of bacteria and viruses, which can directly or indirectly activate them so promoting thrombosis. In accordance with this, community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is complicated by ischemia-related vascular disease (myocardial infarction and stroke) in roughly 10% of patients while the incidence of venous thrombosis is uncertain. In CAP platelet biosynthesis of TxA2 is augmented and associated with myocardial infarction; however, a cause-effect relationship is still unclear as unclear is if platelet activation p...
Source: Platelets - June 7, 2021 Category: Hematology Authors: Francesco Violi Vittoria Cammisotto Pasquale Pignatelli Source Type: research

Risk factors for intracerebral hemorrhage in patients with COVID-19
AbstractIntracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) can be a devastating complication of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). We aimed to assess risk factors associated with ICH in this population. We performed a retrospective cohort study of adult patients admitted to NYU Langone Health system between March 1 and April 27 2020 with a positive nasopharyngeal swab polymerase chain reaction test result and presence of primary nontraumatic intracranial hemorrhage or hemorrhagic conversion of ischemic stroke on neuroimaging. Patients with intracranial procedures, malignancy, or vascular malformation were excluded. We used regression models to e...
Source: Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis - April 29, 2021 Category: Hematology Source Type: research

Impact of the pandemic of COVID-19 on emergency attendance for stroke and acute myocardial infarction in Beijing, China
This study covered from 03/01/2018 to 06/03/2020, including 19  weeks of lockdown period and 99 weeks before. A segmented Poisson regression model was used to estimate the immediate change and the monthly change in the secular trend of the emergency attendance rates. The emergency attendance rates of stroke and AMI cut in half at the beginning of the lockdown period, with 52.1% (95% CI 45.8% to 57.7%) and 63.1% (95% CI 56.1% to 63.1%) immediate decreases for stroke and AMI, respectively. Then during the lockdown period, 7.0% (95% CI 2.5%, 11.6%) and 16.1% (95% CI 9.5, 23.1) increases per month in the secular trends of em...
Source: Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis - April 26, 2021 Category: Hematology Source Type: research

Thrombocytopenia with acute ischemic stroke and bleeding in a patient newly vaccinated with an adenoviral vector-based COVID-19 vaccine
We describe the first Danish case of presumed inflammatory and thrombotic response to vaccination with an adenoviral (ChAdOx1) vector based COVID-19 vaccine (AZD1222). The case describes a 60-year old woman, who was admitted with intractable abdominal pain seven days after receiving the vaccine. Computer Tomography (CT) of the abdomen revealed bilateral adrenal hemorrhages. On the following day she developed a massive right sided ischemic stroke and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) angiography showed occlusion of the right internal carotid artery. The ischemic area was deemed too large to offer reperfusion therapy. During ...
Source: Thrombosis and Haemostasis - April 20, 2021 Category: Hematology Authors: Rolf Ankerlund Blauenfeldt S øren Risom Kristensen Siw Leiknes Ernstsen Claudia Christina Hilt Kristensen Claus Ziegler Simonsen Anne-Mette Hvas Source Type: research

Stroke and presence of patent foramen ovale in sickle cell disease
AbstractSickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited monogenic hemoglobinopathy characterized by formation of sickle erythrocytes under conditions of deoxygenation. Sickle erythrocytes can lead to thrombus formation and vaso-occlusive episodes that may result in hemolytic anemia, pain crisis and multiple organ damage. Moreover, SCD is characterized by endothelial damage, increased inflammatory response, platelet activation and aggravation, and activation of both the intrinsic and the extrinsic coagulation pathways. Cerebrovascular events constitute an important clinical complication of SCD. Children with SCD have a 300-fold h...
Source: Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis - February 26, 2021 Category: Hematology Source Type: research

Pulmonary venous thrombosis in a patient with COVID-19 infection
ConclusionsThrombotic outcomes in the setting of severe COVID 19 pneumonia may include macrovascular venous thromboembolism, microvascular pulmonary vascular thrombosis and arterial thromboembolism. Pulmonary vein, herein described, provides further mechanistic pathway for potential arterial embolic phenomenon.
Source: Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis - January 30, 2021 Category: Hematology Source Type: research

The effect of race on composite thrombotic events in patients with COVID-19
COVID-19 associated coagulopathy and mortality related to thrombotic complications have been suggested as biological mediators in racial disparities related to COVID-19. We studied the adjusted prevalence of acute ischemic stroke, pulmonary embolism, myocardial infarction, and deep venous thrombosis stratified by race in hospitalized patients in one New York City borough during the local COVID-19 surge. The multi-racial cohort included 4,299 patients hospitalized with COVID-19, 9% of whom were white, 40% black, 41% Hispanic and 10% Asian or other.
Source: Thrombosis Research - December 21, 2020 Category: Hematology Authors: Charles Esenwa, Santiago R. Unda, David J. Altschul, Nikunj K. Patel, Avinash Malaviya, Johanna Seiden, Andrea Lendaris, Khadean Moncrieffe, Daniel L. Labovitz Tags: Letter to the Editors-in-Chief Source Type: research

Cerebrovascular comorbidity, high blood levels of C - reactive protein and D-dimer are associated with disease outcomes in COVID-19 patients.
Abstract The emerging coronavirus disease (COVID-19) swept the world, affecting more than 200 countries and territories. As of August 22, 2020, the pandemic infected more than 23,329,752 including 807,054 patients who have died. Although the main clinical features of the pandemic disease are respiratory, cerebrovascular comorbidities emerged as one of the leading causes of death associated with COVID-19. Different case reports have indicated that C-reactive protein (CRP) and D-dimer (pro-inflammatory biomarkers) were elevated in COVID-19 patients, which can significantly increase the risk of ischemic stroke. Avail...
Source: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation - November 11, 2020 Category: Hematology Authors: Alzoughool F, Alanagreh L, Abumweis S, Atoum M Tags: Clin Hemorheol Microcirc Source Type: research

D-dimer level in COVID-19 infection: a systematic review.
Authors: Rostami M, Mansouritorghabeh H Abstract INTRODUCTION: COVID-19 disease has spread worldwide from December 2019 to the present day; the early stage of this disease can be associated with high D-dimer, prolonged PT, and elevated levels of fibrinogen, indicating activation of coagulation pathways and thrombosis. In this article, we analyze the levels of D-dimer in patients with COVID-19. AREA COVERED: In the current study, three databases, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, searched using related keywords and information extracted from articles such as location, sample size, gender, age, coagulation test val...
Source: Expert Review of Hematology - October 1, 2020 Category: Hematology Tags: Expert Rev Hematol Source Type: research

Immunothrombosis and thromboinflammation in host defense and disease.
Authors: Martinod K, Deppermann C Abstract Platelets are increasingly being recognized for playing roles beyond thrombosis and hemostasis. Today we know that they mediate inflammation by direct interactions with innate immune cells or secretion of cytokines/chemokines. Here we review their interactions with neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages in infection and sepsis, stroke, myocardial infarction and venous thromboembolism. We discuss new roles for platelet surface receptors like GPVI or GPIb and also look at platelet contributions to the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) as well as to deep vein ...
Source: Platelets - September 10, 2020 Category: Hematology Tags: Platelets Source Type: research

Coagulopathy and thromboembolic events in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: pathogenesis and management strategies
AbstractIn October 2019, a viral infectious disease appeared in the city of Wuhan in China. A new betacoronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has been recognized as the responsible pathogen in this infection. Although coronavirus disease is principally expressed as a pulmonary infection, critical SARS-CoV-2 infection is frequently complicated with coagulopathy, and thromboembolic events are recognizable in several patients. Dehydration, acute inflammatory condition, protracted immobilization during disease, existence of multiple cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes, obesity or hypertension, previous coronary artery disease, ische...
Source: Annals of Hematology - August 13, 2020 Category: Hematology Source Type: research

COVID-19 versus HIT hypercoagulability
A striking feature of COVID-19 is the high frequency of thrombosis, particularly in patients who require admission to intensive care unit because of respiratory complications (pneumonia/adult respiratory distress syndrome). The spectrum of thrombotic events is wide, including in situ pulmonary thrombosis, deep-vein thrombosis and associated pulmonary embolism, as well as arterial thrombotic events (stroke, myocardial infarction, limb artery thrombosis). Unusual thrombotic events have also been reported, e.g., cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, mesenteric artery and vein thrombosis.
Source: Thrombosis Research - August 8, 2020 Category: Hematology Authors: Theodore E. Warkentin, Scott Kaatz Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

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