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Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design

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Total 176 results found since Jan 2013.

Role of Inflammasomes in Atherosclerosis and Stroke Pathogenesis.
Abstract Inflammation is a devastating outcome of cerebrovascular diseases (CVD), namely stroke and atherosclerosis. Numerous studies over the decade have shown that inflammasomes play a role in mediating inflammatory reactions post cellular injury occurring after stroke or a rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque. In view of this, targeting these inflammatory pathways using different pharmacological therapies may improve outcomes in patients with CVD. Here we review the mechanisms by which inflammasomes drive the pathogenesis of stroke and atherosclerosis. Also discussed here are the possible treatment strategies a...
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - April 25, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Sarmah D, Datta A, Raut S, Sarkar A, Shah B, Bohra M, Singh U, Jagtap P, Baidya F, Kalia K, Wang X, Dave KR, Yavagal DR, Bhattacharya P Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Endothelial Dysfunction and Inflammation in Ischemic Stroke Pathogenesis.
Abstract Stroke is an heterogenous disease andwithin the broad large category of brain ischemia and its subtypesvary dramatically in cause. Endothelium is able to regulate the vascular homeostasis by modulating processes of vascular dilation and constriction by producing and secreting cytokines and chemical mediators and inflammation represent one of the most important factors that contribute to alteration in vessel structure and function by a dysregulation of this fine balance. Endothelial dysfunction represents a basic determinant of the vascular damage which can be identified in all different clinical subtypes ...
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - April 16, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Tuttolomondo A, Daidone M, Pinto A Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Antithrombotic therapy in patients with recent stroke and atrial fibrillation.
Abstract Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia which carries a significant risk of stroke. Secondary prevention, in particular in the acute phase of stroke with anti-thrombotic therapy has not been validated. The aim of this review is to evaluate the available evidence on the use of antithrombotic therapy in patients with recent stroke who have AF, and suggest a treatment algorithm for the various time points, taking into account both the bleeding and thrombosis risks posed at each stage. PMID: 32264805 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - April 6, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Saberwal B, Ioannou A, Lim WY, Beirne AM, Chow AW, Tousoulis D, Ahsan S, Papageorgiou N Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Therapeutic potential of phosphodiesterase inhibitors for endothelial dysfunction-related diseases.
Abstract Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are considered a major health problem worldwide, being the main cause of mortality in developing and developed countries. Endothelial dysfunction, characterized by a decline in nitric oxide production and/or bioavailability, increased oxidative stress, decreased prostacyclin levels, and a reduction of endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor is considered an important prognostic indicator of various CVD. Changes in cyclic nucleotides production and/ or signalling, such as guanosine 3', 5'-monophosphate (cGMP) and adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate (cAMP), also accompany many va...
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - April 2, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Blanco-Rivero J, E Xavier F Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Prevention of Endothelial Dysfunction and Cardiovascular Disease by n-3 Fatty Acids-Inhibiting Action on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation.
CONCLUSION: The effects of DHA and EPA on vascular endothelial cell damage and dysfunction may involve the induction of nitric oxide, in addition to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. n-3 fatty acids inhibit endothelial dysfunction and prevent arteriosclerosis. Therefore, the intake of n-3 fatty acids may prevent CVDs, like myocardial infarction and stroke. PMID: 32242776 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - April 2, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Yamagata K Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Protective Effects and Mechanisms of Action of Ulinastatin against Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.
CONCLUSION: Ulinastatin seems to have potential to alleviate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. These findings may be valuable to further promote the research and development of drug candidates and provide novel and reliable references for rational drug use. PMID: 32124689 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - March 1, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Lv B, Jiang XM, Wang DW, Chen J, Han DF, Liu XL Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

LncRNAs a new target for post-stroke recovery.
Abstract LncRNAs (long non-coding RNAs) are endogenous molecules and involved in complicated biological processes. Increasing evidence has shown that lncRNAs play a vital role in the post-stroke pathophysiology.Furthermore, several lncRNAs were reported to mediate ischemia cascade processes include apoptosis, excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, angiogensis, neuroinfla- mmation, microglial cell which can cause neuron injury and influence neuron recovery after ischemic stroke. In our study, we first summarize current development about lncRNAs and post-stroke, focus on the regulatory roles of lncRNAs on pathophysiology...
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - February 24, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Zhao J, Jun Y, Liu X, Zhu R Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Antithrombogenic Plants: A Narrative Review.
Abstract Heart attack, stroke, and deep vein thrombosis are among conditions that alter blood coagulation and are modulated by antithrombogenic drugs. Natural products are an important source of antithrombogenic agents and have been considered remarkable alternatives with greater efficacy and usually with fewer side effects. However, the efficacy and toxicity of many of these plants that are used in traditional medicine must be scientifically tested. Despite the large number of published articles that report that plants or plant-derived components may act as antithrombogenic agents, few studies have investigated t...
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - December 15, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Mendes TC, Dos Reis Lívero FA, de Souza P, Gebara KS, Junior AG Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

"Energy-sensing pathways in ischemia: The counterbalance between AMPK and mTORC".
Abstract Stroke is an important cause of death and disability, and it is the second leading cause of death worldwide. In humans, middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) is the most common cause of ischemic stroke. The damage corresponds in itself to the sum of the lack of nutrients and oxygen contributed by the blood flow. The present review aims to analyze to what extent the lack of each of the elements of the system produce damage and in which mechanisms are unchained by this deficiency. We believe that the specific analysis of what the lack of each component means could give light to new therapeutic targets for...
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - December 9, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Cespedes A, Villa M, Benito-Cuesta I, Perez-Alvarez MJ, Ordoñez L, Wandosell F Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Risk factors of recurrent ischemic events after acute noncardiogenic ischemic stroke.
CONCLUSION: MPV, ADP% and MA were risk factors of recurrent ischemic events after acute noncardiogenic ischemic stroke. Urgent assessment and individual drug therapy should be offered to these patients as soon as possible. PMID: 31663472 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - October 27, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Zhang L, Li X, Wang D, Lv H, Si X, Li X, Sun Y, Wang D, Chen K, Kang X, Lou X, Zhang G, Ma N Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

A Brief Review of Cardiovascular Diseases, Associated Risk Factors and Current Treatment Regimes.
Abstract Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of premature death and disability in humans and their incidence is on the rise globally. Given their substantial contribution towards the escalating costs of health care, they also generate a high socio-economic burden in the general population. The underlying pathogenesis and progression associated with nearly all CVDs is predominantly of atherosclerotic origin that leads to the development of coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, venous thromboembolism and, peripheral vascular disease, subsequently causing myocardial infarction, cardiac ar...
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - September 24, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Flora GD, Nayak MK Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Crosstalk between Platelet and Bacteria: A Therapeutic Prospect.
Abstract Platelets are typically recognized for their roles in the maintenance of hemostasis and vascular wall repair to reduce blood loss. Beyond hemostasis, platelet also plays a critical role in pathophysiological conditions like atherosclerosis, stroke, thrombosis, and infections. During infection, platelets interact directly and indirectly with bacteria through a wide range of cellular and molecular mechanisms. Platelet surface receptors such as GPIbα, FcγRIIA, GPIIbIIIa, and TLRs, etc. facilitate direct interaction with bacterial cells. Besides, the indirect interaction between platelet and bacteria involv...
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - September 24, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Yadav VK, Singh PK, Agarwal V, Singh SK Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Polyphenols regulate endothelial functions and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.
CONCLUSION: High intake of dietary polyphenols may help prevent CVD. Polyphenols inhibit endothelial dysfunction and induce vascular endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation viz. redox regulation and nitric oxide production. The polyphenol-induced healthy endothelial cell function may be related to CVD prevention. PMID: 31333108 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - July 20, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Yamagata K Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Current Pharmaceutical Design Preventive role of Resveratrol against inflammatory cytokines and related diseases.
CONCLUSION: This study would outline the role of harmful inflammatory cytokines as well as how they accelerate pathophysiology and progress to an inflammatory disorder. Therefore, this study might show a potential therapeutic value of using Resveratrol by health professionals in preventing inflammatory disorders. PMID: 30968773 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - April 9, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Rafe T, Shawon PA, Salem L, Chowdhury NI, Kabir F, Zahur SMB, Akhter R, Noor HB, Mohib MM, Sagor MAT Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Visit-to-visit blood pressure variability and arterial stiffness: Which came first: the chicken or the egg?
This article summarizes the recent literature on these topics. In the elderly hypertensives, strict BP control using CCBs would play a pivotal role to suppress arterial stiffening via VVV reduction. PMID: 30931845 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - March 28, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Miyauchi S, Nagai M, Dote K, Kato M, Oda N, Kunita E, Kagawa E, Yamane A, Higashihara T, Takeuchi A, Tsuchiya A, Takahari K Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research