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Source: BMJ Open

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Total 555 results found since Jan 2013.

Sex differences in neurology: a scoping review protocol
This study will aid in mapping recent trends in sex differences in four major neurological conditions and will help identify areas for further research. A manuscript will be compiled for publication and presentations of findings. Registration details The final protocol is registered with the Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/n937x/).
Source: BMJ Open - April 1, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Moores, G., Wolff, E., Pikula, A., Bui, E. Tags: Open access, Neurology Source Type: research

Associations between fibrinogen levels and the risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause death: a cohort study from the Chin-Shan community in Taiwan
Conclusions Fibrinogen may be a potential risk factor for CAD but not for stroke. Further studies are necessary to clarify the differences in the role of fibrinogen levels on the risk of CVD between Asian and Western countries.
Source: BMJ Open - April 1, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Hsieh, C.-T., Chien, K.-L., Hsu, H.-C., Lin, H.-J., Su, T.-C., Chen, M.-F., Lee, Y.-T. Tags: Open access, Epidemiology Source Type: research

Investigating the association between inpatient stroke therapy and disability, destination on discharge, length of stay and mortality: a prospective cohort study using the Sentinel Stroke National Audit Programme
Conclusions Our findings suggest for stroke inpatients requiring therapy, ‘More is better’ may be overly simplistic. Strong limitations associated with analysis of routine data restrict further robust investigation of the therapy–response relationship. Robust prospective work is urgently needed to further investigate the relationships observed here.
Source: BMJ Open - April 1, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Gittins, M., Lugo-Palacios, D. G., Vail, A., Bowen, A., Paley, L., Bray, B., Gannon, B., Tyson, S. Tags: Open access, Rehabilitation medicine Source Type: research

Understanding maternal postnatal blood pressure changes following hypertensive disorders in pregnancy: protocol for a prospective cohort study
Introduction Hypertensive disorders occur in approximately 10% of women during pregnancy. There is robust population-based data to show that women who have hypertension in pregnancy are much more likely to develop cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the postpartum period. Women with a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (HDP) are twice more at risk of heart disease and stroke, and four times more likely to develop hypertension after birth. Two out of three women who had HDP will die from CVD. Recent evidence suggests that young women with HDP develop signs of CVD in the immediate postpartum period, rather than several decades l...
Source: BMJ Open - April 1, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Sheehan, E., Wang, C., Cauldwell, M., Bick, D., Thilaganathan, B. Tags: Open access Obstetrics and gynaecology Source Type: research

FAST-IT: Find A Simple Test -- In TIA (transient ischaemic attack): a prospective cohort study to develop a multivariable prediction model for diagnosis of TIA through proteomic discovery and candidate lipid mass spectrometry, neuroimaging and machine learning--study protocol
Introduction Transient ischaemic attack (TIA) may be a warning sign of stroke and difficult to differentiate from minor stroke and TIA-mimics. Urgent evaluation and diagnosis is important as treating TIA early can prevent subsequent strokes. Recent improvements in mass spectrometer technology allow quantification of hundreds of plasma proteins and lipids, yielding large datasets that would benefit from different approaches including machine learning. Using plasma protein, lipid and radiological biomarkers, our study will develop predictive algorithms to distinguish TIA from minor stroke (positive control) and TIA-mimics (n...
Source: BMJ Open - April 1, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Milton, A. G., Lau, S., Kremer, K. L., Rao, S. R., Mas, E., Snel, M. F., Trim, P. J., Sharma, D., Edwards, S., Jenkinson, M., Kleinig, T., Noschka, E., Hamilton-Bruce, M. A., Koblar, S. A. Tags: Open access, Health services research Source Type: research

Assessment of mental health trajectories before and after myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation or stroke: analysis of a cohort study in Tromso, Norway (Tromso Study, 1994-2016)
Conclusion The study indicates that mental health problems among individuals with myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation and stroke may have started to develop several years before the cardiovascular event and suggests that successful CVD rehabilitation may need to consider previous life factors. Future research is recommended to examine whether health promotion measures in a general population also create mental health resilience after a CVD event.
Source: BMJ Open - April 1, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Lorem, G. F., Opdal, I. M., Wilsgaard, T., Schirmer, H., Lochen, M.-L., Olsen, I. P., Steigen, T., Rognmo, K. Tags: Open access, Mental health Source Type: research

How are adults with capacity-affecting conditions and associated communication difficulties included in ethically sound research? A documentary-based survey of ethical review and recruitment processes under the research provisions of the Mental Capacity Act (2005) for England and Wales
Conclusions People with capacity-affecting conditions and associated communication difficulties continue to be excluded from research, with recruitment efforts largely concentrated around participant-facing documentation. There is a need for a more nuanced approach if such individuals are to be included in ethically sound research.
Source: BMJ Open - March 31, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Bunning, K., Jimoh, O. F., Heywood, R., Killett, A., Ryan, H., Shiggins, C., Langdon, P. E. Tags: Open access, Ethics Source Type: research

Incremental significance and sex discrepancies of neck circumference on the odds of ischaemic stroke: a multistage, population-based, cross-sectional study from Northeast China
Conclusion NC and NHR might be promising independent indicators for women IS. Their incremental value in the risk stratification of IS enables the individualised prevention of IS in women.
Source: BMJ Open - March 30, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Li, G., Li, Y., Jing, L., Tian, Y., Shi, L., Jiang, C., Sun, Q., Ren, G., Dai, D., Sun, J., Wang, W., Xue, W., Yang, Z., Liu, S., Xing, L. Tags: Open access, Cardiovascular medicine Source Type: research

Protocol for GUos renovisceral Artery reconstruction-1: a prospective, multicentre, single-arm clinical trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a multibRANched sTEnt graft systEm for thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (GUARANTEE study)
Introduction The multibranched off-the-shelf stent graft is a promising treatment option for thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA). A commercially available, multibranched, off-the-shelf endograft called the t-Branch stent graft has demonstrated favourable midterm outcomes. Another two investigational off-the-shelf endografts, the GORE EXCLUDER Thoracoabdominal Branch Endoprosthesis and E-nside multibranch stent graft system, are still being developed. However, these three endografts have an unsatisfactory anatomic feasibility rate in patients with TAAA. Based on the concept of Guo’s renovisceral artery reconstruct...
Source: BMJ Open - March 23, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Ge, Y., Zhang, H., Rong, D., Liu, F., Jia, X., Xiong, J., Ma, X., Wang, L., Fan, T., Guo, W. Tags: Open access, Cardiovascular medicine Source Type: research

Development of core outcome sets and core outcome measures for central visual impairment, visual field loss and ocular motility disorders due to stroke: a Delphi and consensus study
Conclusions COS and COM are defined for vision research for stroke survivors. Their use has potential to reduce heterogeneity in routine clinical practice and improve standardisation and accuracy of vision assessment. Future research is required to evaluate the use of these COS and COM.
Source: BMJ Open - March 18, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Rowe, F. J., Hepworth, L. R., Kirkham, J. J. Tags: Open access, Ophthalmology Source Type: research

Why do people take part in atrial fibrillation screening? Qualitative interview study in English primary care
Conclusions Participants assessed the SAFER AF screening programme to be a legitimate, relevant and safe screening opportunity, and complied obediently with what they perceived to be a recommendation to take part. Their unreserved acceptance of screening benefit and lack of awareness of potential harms suggests that uptake would be high but reinforces the importance of ensuring participants receive balanced information about AF screening initiatives. Trial registration number ISRCTN16939438; Pre-results.
Source: BMJ Open - March 16, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Hoare, S., Powell, A., Modi, R. N., Armstrong, N., Griffin, S. J., Mant, J., Burt, J., The SAFER Authorship Group, Dymond, Hobbs, Johnson, McManus, Williams Tags: Open access, Public health Source Type: research

AlzEye: longitudinal record-level linkage of ophthalmic imaging and hospital admissions of 353 157 patients in London, UK
Purpose Retinal signatures of systemic disease (‘oculomics’) are increasingly being revealed through a combination of high-resolution ophthalmic imaging and sophisticated modelling strategies. Progress is currently limited not mainly by technical issues, but by the lack of large labelled datasets, a sine qua non for deep learning. Such data are derived from prospective epidemiological studies, in which retinal imaging is typically unimodal, cross-sectional, of modest number and relates to cohorts, which are not enriched with subpopulations of interest, such as those with systemic disease. We thus linked longitu...
Source: BMJ Open - March 16, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Wagner, S. K., Hughes, F., Cortina-Borja, M., Pontikos, N., Struyven, R., Liu, X., Montgomery, H., Alexander, D. C., Topol, E., Petersen, S. E., Balaskas, K., Hindley, J., Petzold, A., Rahi, J. S., Denniston, A. K., Keane, P. A. Tags: Open access, Ophthalmology Source Type: research

RETurn to work After stroKE (RETAKE) Trial: protocol for a mixed-methods process evaluation using normalisation process theory
Objectives This mixed-method process evaluation underpinned by normalisation process theory aims to measure fidelity to the intervention, understand the social and structural context in which the intervention is delivered and identify barriers and facilitators to intervention implementation. Setting RETurn to work After stroKE (RETAKE) is a multicentre individual patient randomised controlled trial to determine whether Early Stroke Specialist Vocational Rehabilitation (ESSVR) plus usual care is a clinically and cost-effective therapy to facilitate return to work after stroke, compared with usual care alone. This protocol ...
Source: BMJ Open - March 15, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Radford, K. A., McKevitt, C., Clarke, S., Powers, K., Phillips, J., Craven, K., Watkins, C., Farrin, A., Holmes, J., Cripps, R., McLellan, V., Sach, T., Brindle, R., Holloway, I., Hartley, S., Bowen, A., O'Connor, R. J., Stevens, J., Walker, M., Murray, J Tags: Open access, Cardiovascular medicine Source Type: research

Comparison of the effects on cardiovascular events between use of metformin and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors as the first-line hypoglycaemic agents in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a claims database analysis
Conclusions Patients who received metformin as first-line therapy may have reduced cardiovascular events than those receiving DPP-4i. This study conforms to previous Japanese database studies, despite the consideration of its limitation being an observational design.
Source: BMJ Open - March 11, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Nishimura, R., Takeshima, T., Iwasaki, K., Aoi, S. Tags: Open access, Diabetes and Endocrinology Source Type: research

Rationale and design for comparison of non-compliant balloon with drug-coating balloon angioplasty for side branch after provisional stenting for patients with true coronary bifurcation lesions: a prospective, multicentre and randomised DCB-BIF trial
Introduction Provisional stenting using drug-eluting stent is effective for simple coronary bifurcation lesions. Kissing balloon inflation using conventional non-compliant balloon is the primary treatment of side branch (SB) after main vessel (MV) stenting. Drug-coating balloon (DCB) is reported to be associated with less frequent clinical events in in-stent restenosis and small vessel disease. The importance of DCB in bifurcation treatment is understudied. Accordingly, this trial is designed to investigate the superiority of DCB to non-compliant balloon angioplasty for SB after provisional stenting in patients with true c...
Source: BMJ Open - March 11, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Gao, X.-F., Ge, Z., Kan, J., Kong, X.-Q., Wang, Y., Qiu, C.-G., Tresukosol, D., He, Y.-Q., Wu, Q., Li, J.-F., Yuan, H.-T., Shen, C., Chen, X., Munawar, M., Hanif, B., Santoso, T., Shin, E.-S., Sheiban, I., Ye, F., Zhang, J.-J., Chen, S.-L., On behalf of t Tags: Open access, Cardiovascular medicine Source Type: research