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Total 262 results found since Jan 2013.

Red cell distribution width in relation to incidence of coronary events and case fatality rates: a population-based cohort study
Conclusions In this population-based study of subjects without history of CE or stroke, high RDW was associated with increased incidence of fatal CE. No relationship was observed for incidence of non-fatal CE.
Source: Heart - June 21, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Borne, Y., Smith, J. G., Melander, O., Engstrom, G. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Acute coronary syndromes, Epidemiology Coronary artery disease Source Type: research

Infective endocarditis: old problem, new guidelines and still much to learn
Despite major advances in treating valvular heart disease, the in-hospital mortality (15–20%) and 1-year mortality (~=40%) for infective endocarditis (IE) has not improved even with modern antibiotics and surgical therapy. Further, stroke (17%), embolisation other than stroke (23%), heart failure (HF) (32%) and other complications remain common; therefore, all precautions to help prevent IE should be employed where indicated. In underdeveloped countries, IE is most often associated with rheumatic heart disease. In developed countries, IE is increasingly associated with prosthetic valves and intracardiac devices, with...
Source: Heart - June 9, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Erwin, J. P., Otto, C. M. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Echocardiography, Clinical diagnostic tests, Epidemiology, Diabetes, Metabolic disorders Editorials Source Type: research

Cardiovascular highlights from non-cardiology journals
Warfarin for atrial fibrillation in patients with chronic kidney disease – does the thromboembolic benefit outweigh the bleeding risk? Chronic kidney disease (CKD) predisposes to high risks for both thrombo-embolism and bleeding. As a result, understanding the risk-benefit profile for use of anticoagulation therapies among CKD patients with atrial fibrillation is important to optimize patient outcomes. However, clinical trials evaluating efficacy and safety of anti-coagulants for atrial fibrillation generally exclude CKD patients and observational studies have had conflicting results. Accordingly, this prospective co...
Source: Heart - June 9, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Bradley, S. M. Tags: Journal scan Source Type: research

Beyond Framingham risk factors and coronary calcification: does aortic valve calcification improve risk prediction? The Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study
Conclusions AVC is associated with incident coronary and CVD events independent of Framingham risk factors. However, AVC fails to improve cardiovascular event prediction over Framingham risk factors and CAC.
Source: Heart - May 19, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kalsch, H., Lehmann, N., Mahabadi, A. A., Bauer, M., Kara, K., Huppe, P., Moebus, S., Mohlenkamp, S., Dragano, N., Schmermund, A., Stang, A., Jockel, K.-H., Erbel, R., on behalf of the Investigator Group of the Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Clinical diagnostic tests Cardiac risk factors and prevention Source Type: research

Cardiovascular highlights from non-cardiology journals
Estrogen formulations have differing cardiovascular risk profile Ever since the publication of the Women's Health Initiative randomized trial that demonstrated clinical harm associated with use of conjugated equine estrogens, providers have been left in a challenging position in balancing the risk of these therapies against their benefit in treatment of menopausal symptoms. In the present study, the authors examined cardiac safety of oral conjugated equine estrogen vs. oral estradiol in a population-based case control study of post-menopausal women. Cases of venous thrombosis (n=68), myocardial infarction (n=67) or ischemi...
Source: Heart - May 19, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Bradley, S. M. Tags: Journal scan Source Type: research

Resistant hypertension: resistance to treatment or resistance to taking treatment?
The treatment of hypertension has been a therapeutic success. A generation or more of effective drugs deserves considerable credit for their contribution to the substantial decline in age-related incidence of stroke, ischaemic heart disease and heart failure. And because almost all the drugs are long-since off patent, the cost of success comes cheaply. Indeed, National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) has branded treatment of hypertension as not only cost effective but cost saving.1 Yet not all patients achieve their blood pressure target and are labelled as ‘resistant hypertension’. A contentious...
Source: Heart - May 8, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Brown, M. J. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Hypertension, Interventional cardiology, Epidemiology Editorials Source Type: research

Under-representation of frail or medically compromised hypertensive older people
To the Editor We have read the article by Briasoulis et al1 on effect of antihypertensive treatment in patients over 65 years of age with great interest. They comprehensively reviewed prospective randomised trials and assessed the effects of antihypertensive treatment on cardiovascular, all-cause mortality, stroke and heart failure in patients over 65 years of age. By the way of 18 clinically relevant studies, they concluded that treatment to blood pressure target of 150/80 mm Hg or to blood pressure reduction of >25/10 mm Hg effectively decreases all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortali...
Source: Heart - May 8, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Bahat, G., Tufan, A., Karan, M. A. Tags: PostScript Source Type: research

Cardiovascular highlights from non-cardiology journals
Stenting of atherosclerotic renal artery disease fails to improve outcomes Atherosclerotic renal-artery stenosis is common among patients with cardiovascular disease and the condition may contribute to hypertension. The impact of renal artery angioplasty or stenting on the risk of clinical events among patients with atherosclerotic renal disease remains poorly defined. In the Cardiovascular Outcomes in Renal Atherosclerotic Lesions (CORAL) study, 947 patients atherosclerotic renal-artery stenosis and hypertension and/or chronic kidney disease were randomized to medical therapy alone or medical therapy plus renal artery ste...
Source: Heart - April 16, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Bradley, S. M. Tags: Journal scan Source Type: research

Heartbeat: Highlights from the issue
This issue of Heart has a group of articles about hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with two of these studies addressing exercise capacity. In a study from The Heart Hospital in London (See page 644 and figure 1) cardiopulmonary exercise testing showed a reduced peak oxygen consumption and cardiac index in 70 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy compared to normal volunteers. Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction was present in 31% of patients at rest and an additional 14% had obstruction provoked by exercise. Compared to patients without obstruction, outflow obstruction at all levels of exercise was associated with an...
Source: Heart - March 21, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Otto, C. M. Tags: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Echocardiography, Interventional cardiology, Clinical diagnostic tests Heartbeat Source Type: research

Cardiac output response and peripheral oxygen extraction during exercise among symptomatic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients with and without left ventricular outflow tract obstruction
Conclusions Cardiac reserve is reduced in HCM because of failure of SV augmentation. LVOTO exacerbates this abnormal response, but haemodynamic responses vary significantly. Non-invasive exercise haemodynamic assessment may improve understanding of symptoms and help tailor therapy.
Source: Heart - March 21, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Critoph, C. H., Patel, V., Mist, B., Elliott, P. M. Tags: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Hypertension Heart failure and cardiomyopathies Source Type: research

Associations with anticoagulation: a cross-sectional registry-based analysis of stroke survivors with atrial fibrillation
Conclusions Anticoagulation was underused in this high-risk population, and those at highest risk were less likely to be treated. Strategies need to be developed to improve prescription of anticoagulation treatment.
Source: Heart - March 5, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Abdul-Rahim, A. H., Wong, J., McAlpine, C., Young, C., Quinn, T. J. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system Cardiac risk factors and prevention Source Type: research

Aspirin versus vitamin K antagonist treatment guided by transoesophageal echocardiography in patients with atrial fibrillation: a pilot study
Conclusions This hypothesis-generating pilot trial has found that TEE may be used for refinement of stroke risk in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation patients. A larger trial is needed to confirm these data. (ClinicalTrials.gov number NTC00224757).
Source: Heart - March 5, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Dinh, T., Baur, L. H. B., Pisters, R., Kamp, O., Verheugt, F. W. A., Smeets, J. L. R. M., Cheriex, E. C., Lindeboom, J.-E., Heesen, W. F., Tieleman, R. G., Prins, M. H., Crijns, H. J. G. M., for the TIARA investigators, Dinh, Pisters, Tieleman, Prins, Cri Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Echocardiography, Clinical diagnostic tests, Epidemiology Cardiac risk factors and prevention Source Type: research

Cardiac MRI assessment of atrial fibrosis in atrial fibrillation: implications for diagnosis and therapy
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most commonly encountered cardiac arrhythmia in clinical practice, with a prevalence of 0.4–1% in the US population.w1 AF is a potent risk factor, increasing the risk of stroke fivefold and accounting for approximately 15% of all strokes in the USA.w2 AF also significantly increases the risk of mortality from heart failure.w3–7 Many therapies, including pharmacological approaches and direct current cardioversion, have been tried to treat this malignant arrhythmia, but were not found to be that effective.1 w8–w11 Catheter ablation of AF has provided better outcomes compared ...
Source: Heart - March 5, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Higuchi, K., Akkaya, M., Akoum, N., Marrouche, N. F. Tags: Tachyarrhythmias, Atrial fibrillation, Education in Heart, Dilated cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Echocardiography, Heart failure, Acute coronary syndromes, Clinical diagnostic tests, Epidemiology Source Type: research

Heartbeat: Highlights from the issue
In this issue of Heart, Dr. Bouri and colleagues (see page 456) reexamined the issue of the perioperative use of beta blockers in patients with an intermediate or high cardiovascular risk who are undergoing major non cardiac surgery. Unfortunately, the evidence base for current recommendations has been called into question because of allegations of research fraud in some of the main studies, which are excluded from this new meta-analysis of the relevant randomized controlled clinical trials. They found that although beta-blockers decreased the risk of non-fatal myocardial infarction, they increased the risk of stroke and h...
Source: Heart - February 19, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Otto, C. M. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Interventional cardiology, Acute coronary syndromes, Epidemiology Heartbeat Source Type: research

Meta-analysis of secure randomised controlled trials of {beta}-blockade to prevent perioperative death in non-cardiac surgery
Conclusions Guideline bodies should retract their recommendations based on fictitious data without further delay. This should not be blocked by dispute over allocation of blame. The well-conducted trials indicate a statistically significant 27% increase in mortality from the initiation of perioperative β-blockade that guidelines currently recommend. Any remaining enthusiasts might best channel their energy into a further randomised trial which should be designed carefully and conducted honestly.
Source: Heart - February 19, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Bouri, S., Shun-Shin, M. J., Cole, G. D., Mayet, J., Francis, D. P. Tags: Open access, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Echocardiography, Interventional cardiology, Acute coronary syndromes, Clinical diagnostic tests, Epidemiology Cardiac risk factors and prevention Source Type: research