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Total 262 results found since Jan 2013.

Heart rate is associated with progression of atrial fibrillation, independent of rhythm
Conclusions Within 1.5 years, almost a quarter of the patients with paroxysmal or persistent AF progress to a more sustained form. Progression is strongly associated with heart rate, and age.
Source: Heart - May 12, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Holmqvist, F., Kim, S., Steinberg, B. A., Reiffel, J. A., Mahaffey, K. W., Gersh, B. J., Fonarow, G. C., Naccarelli, G. V., Chang, P., Freeman, J. V., Kowey, P. R., Thomas, L., Peterson, E. D., Piccini, J. P., on behalf of the ORBIT-AF Investigators Tags: Open access, Drugs: cardiovascular system Arrhythmias and sudden death Source Type: research

Heartbeat: Highlights from this issue
This issue of Heart focuses on exercise and cardiovascular (CV) health featuring a state-of-the-art review on the basic science behind the CV effects of exercise by Prof Matthew Wilson (see page 758), jointly published with the British Journal of Sport Medicine. The effects of a prolonged period (>6 months) of regular intensive exercise include a decrease in resting heart rate by 5 to 20 beats per minute, an increase in stroke volume by about 20% and increased myocardial contractility. Myocardial mass increases with a small increase in wall thickness along with increased chamber volumes (Figure 1). The physiologica...
Source: Heart - April 24, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Otto, C. M. Tags: Hypertension, Epidemiology, Tobacco use Heartbeat Source Type: research

Basic science behind the cardiovascular benefits of exercise
Cardiorespiratory fitness is a strong predictor of cardiovascular (CV) disease and all-cause mortality, with increases in cardiorespiratory fitness associated with corresponding decreases in CV disease risk. The effects of exercise upon the myocardium and vascular system are dependent upon the frequency, intensity and duration of the exercise itself. Following a prolonged period (≥6 months) of regular intensive exercise in previously untrained individuals, resting and submaximal exercising heart rates are typically 5–20 beats lower, with an increase in stroke volume of ~20% and enhanced myocardial contractili...
Source: Heart - April 24, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Wilson, M. G., Ellison, G. M., Cable, N. T. Tags: Review articles Reviews Source Type: research

Prognosis importance of low flow in aortic stenosis with preserved LVEF
Conclusions In patients with severe AS and preserved LVEF, LF, as assessed using cardiac catheterisation is frequent, and is an independent predictor of mortality. Consequently, the measurement of SVi should be systematically included in the assessment of these patients.
Source: Heart - April 24, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Magne, J., Mohty, D., Boulogne, C., Boubadara, F. E., Deltreuil, M., Echahidi, N., Cassat, C., Laskar, M., Virot, P., Aboyans, V. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Echocardiography, Aortic valve disease, Clinical diagnostic tests, Epidemiology Valvular heart disease Source Type: research

Atrial fibrillation and stroke after atrial septal defect closure. Is earlier closure warranted?
Atrial septal defects (ASDs) are the most common congenital cardiac abnormalities in adults. Patients frequently present with symptoms for the first time at adult age. One of the most common late complications of an ASD is the development of atrial tachyarrhythmias (ATs), especially atrial fibrillation (AF). In a large population-based study from Ontario, the prevalence of AT was 19% in adult patients with ASD, which is fourfold higher than that in the general population.1 The incidence of AT continues to increase with age.2 3 This vulnerability to AT is not surprising considering the long-standing haemodynamic derangement...
Source: Heart - April 9, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Yap, S.-C. Tags: Congenital heart disease, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Hypertension, Interventional cardiology, Epidemiology Editorials Source Type: research

Atrial fibrillation and stroke in adult patients with atrial septal defect and the long-term effect of closure
Conclusions Patients with ASD had a higher risk of first-time AF after closure than the comparison cohort. There was no effect of closure on the use of AF-related medicine in patients with prevalent AF.
Source: Heart - April 9, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Nyboe, C., Olsen, M. S., Nielsen-Kudsk, J. E., Hjortdal, V. E. Tags: Congenital heart disease in adult patients, Congenital heart disease, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Epidemiology Source Type: research

Diagnosis of an aortic valvular lesion
From the question on page 719 Clinical introduction A 59-year-old woman with hypertension presented with right-sided weakness and vision loss. Her vital signs were normal; cardiopulmonary exam was significant for a systolic and diastolic murmur. MRI of the brain showed multiple chronic bilateral infarctions, and Doppler ultrasound revealed acute left lower extremity deep vein thrombosis. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) to determine cardioembolic source of stroke was significant only for severe aortic valve regurgitation. To assess for cardiac vegetations, transoesophageal echocardiography (TEE) was performed (figure 1...
Source: Heart - April 9, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Elboudwarej, O., Wei, J., Siegel, R. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Echocardiography, Image challenges, Hypertension, Venous thromboembolism, Aortic valve disease, Clinical diagnostic tests Source Type: research

Do risk factors for cardiovascular disease also increase the risk of frailty?
Frailty is a clinical syndrome characterised by multisystem impairment which decreases physiological reserve and increases the vulnerability to stressors. In patients with cardiovascular disease, frailty is a strong independent predictor of reduced life expectancy, prolonged hospitalisation and complications from surgery and other interventions.1 For these reasons there has been an increasing interest in the role of more systematic evaluation for frailty in elderly patients considered for major cardiovascular interventions.2 In their published Heart paper, Ramsay and colleagues3 provide a different perspective on the links...
Source: Heart - March 25, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Stewart, R. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Hypertension, Acute coronary syndromes, Epidemiology, Tobacco use Editorials Source Type: research

Exercise pathophysiology and sildenafil effects in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
Conclusions Exercise measures of RV function explain much of the variance in the exercise capacity of patients with CTEPH while resting measures do not. Sildenafil increases SVi during exercise in patients with CTEPH, but not in healthy subjects.
Source: Heart - March 25, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Claessen, G., La Gerche, A., Wielandts, J.-Y., Bogaert, J., Van Cleemput, J., Wuyts, W., Claus, P., Delcroix, M., Heidbuchel, H. Tags: Hypertension Pulmonary vascular disease Source Type: research

Cardiovascular highlights from non-cardiology journals
Why is Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk Overestimated by the ACC/AHA Pooled Cohort Equation? The 2013 ACC/AHA Cholesterol Guidelines expand the recommendations for statin use to populations previously felt to be at lower risk. Central to risk-estimation in these guidelines is a new equation for determination of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk. However, this risk model has been criticized overestimating ASCVD risk in validation studies of the model. Using the Women's Health Study, Cook et al. sought to determine the reasons for risk-overestimation by the ACC/AHA model. Among 27,542 women, 632 ...
Source: Heart - February 25, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Bradley, S. M. Tags: Journal scan Source Type: research

Aspirin use in women for primary prevention
At present, there is no consensus on antiplatelet treatments in primary prevention, particularly for women. European guidelines on cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention1 do not recommend antiplatelet therapy, while the American Heart Association guidelines for primary prevention2 support a daily treatment of low-dose aspirin in women aged >65 years. The US Food and Drug Administration at the beginning of this year stated that the agency "does not believe the evidence supports the general use of aspirin for primary prevention of a heart attack or stroke. In fact, there are serious risks associated with the use of ...
Source: Heart - February 12, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ferrario, M. M., Veronesi, G. Tags: Press releases, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Acute coronary syndromes, Epidemiology Editorials Source Type: research

Anthropometric measures in cardiovascular disease prediction: comparison of laboratory-based versus non-laboratory-based model
Conclusions Among middle-aged and elderly where the ability of BMI to predict CVD declines, the non-laboratory-based model, based on ABSI, could predict CVD risk as accurately as the laboratory-based model among men.
Source: Heart - February 12, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Dhana, K., Ikram, M. A., Hofman, A., Franco, O. H., Kavousi, M. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system Cardiac risk factors and prevention Source Type: research

Impact of exercise pulmonary hypertension on postoperative outcome in primary mitral regurgitation
Conclusions ExPHT is associated with increased risk of adverse cardiac events following mitral valve surgery in patients with primary MR.
Source: Heart - February 12, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Magne, J., Donal, E., Mahjoub, H., Miltner, B., Dulgheru, R., Thebault, C., Pierard, L. A., Pibarot, P., Lancellotti, P. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Echocardiography, Hypertension, Mitral valve disease, Clinical diagnostic tests Valvular heart disease Source Type: research

Impact of Human Development Index on the profile and outcomes of patients with acute coronary syndrome
Conclusions Clinical patient profiles differed substantially by country HDI groupings. Lower unadjusted event rates in medium-HDI countries may be explained by younger age and lower comorbidity burden among these countries’ patients. This heterogeneity in patient recruitment across country HDI groupings may have important implications for future global ACS trial design. Trial registration number NCT00699998.
Source: Heart - January 29, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Roy, A., Roe, M. T., Neely, M. L., Cyr, D. D., Zamoryakhin, D., Fox, K. A. A., White, H. D., Armstrong, P. W., Ohman, E. M., Prabhakaran, D. Tags: Open access, Editor's choice, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Acute coronary syndromes Healthcare delivery, economics and global health Source Type: research

Sex differences in cardiovascular outcome during progression of aortic valve stenosis
Conclusions In the SEAS study, women and men had similar rates of AS progression and AS-related events. However, women had lower total mortality and ischaemic CV event rate than men independent of confounders. Trial registration number ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00092677.
Source: Heart - January 14, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Cramariuc, D., Rogge, B. P., Lonnebakken, M. T., Boman, K., Bahlmann, E., Gohlke-Barwolf, C., Chambers, J. B., Pedersen, T. R., Gerdts, E. Tags: Open access, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Echocardiography, Hypertension, Interventional cardiology, Aortic valve disease, Clinical diagnostic tests, Epidemiology Valvular heart disease Source Type: research