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Comparative Analysis of Gonadal Steroid-Mediated Neuroprotection after Transient Focal Ischemia in Rats: Route of Application and Substrate Composition
Abstract Progesterone (P) and 17ß-estradiol (E2) mitigate neuronal damage after experimentally induced traumatic brain injury (TBI) and ischemic stroke. Fish oil components such as omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA n3) also provide neuroprotection in these traumatic models. Steroids and PUFA n3 dampen neuroinflammatory processes and regulate glial function in the affected brain areas. Using a transient focal ischemic rat model, we demonstrate that the co-application of PUFA n3 and P/E2 and the choice of the application route have a clear impact on the prevention of ischemia-induced infarct volume and beha...
Source: Journal of Molecular Neuroscience - November 21, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ameliorate neuroinflammation and mitigate ischemic stroke damage through interactions with astrocytes and microglia
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA n3) provide neuroprotection due to their anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties as well as their regulatory function on growth factors and neuronal plasticity. These qualities enable PUFA n3 to ameliorate stroke outcome and limit neuronal damage. Young adult male rats received transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). PUFA n3 were intravenously administered into the jugular vein immediately after stroke and 12h later. We analyzed stroke volume and behavioral performance as well as the regulation of functionally-relevant genes in the penumbra.
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - November 13, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Adib Zendedel, Pardes Habib, Jon Dang, Leoni Lammerding, S. Hoffmann, Cordian Beyer, Alexander Slowik Source Type: research

The impact of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on the incidence of cardiovascular events and complications in peripheral arterial disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Conclusions: Our results showed that insufficient evidence exists to suggest a beneficial effect of omega-3 PUFA supplementation in adults with peripheral arterial disease with regard to cardiovascular events and other serious clinical outcomes.
Source: BMC Cardiovascular Disorders - May 31, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Jennifer EnnsAzadeh YeganehRyan ZarychanskiAhmed Abou-SettaCarol FriesenPeter ZahradkaCarla Taylor Source Type: research

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids enhance cerebral angiogenesis and provide long-term protection after stroke.
Abstract Stroke is a devastating neurological disorder and one of the leading causes of death and serious disability. After cerebral ischemia, revascularization in the ischemic boundary zone provides nutritive blood flow as well as various growth factors to promote the survival and activity of neurons and neural progenitor cells. Enhancement of angiogenesis and the resulting improvement of cerebral microcirculation are key restorative mechanisms and represent an important therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that post-stroke angiogenesis would be enhanced by omeg...
Source: Neurobiology of Disease - April 29, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Wang J, Shi Y, Zhang L, Zhang F, Hu X, Zhang W, Leak RK, Gao Y, Chen L, Chen J Tags: Neurobiol Dis Source Type: research

Circulating Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Subclinical Brain Abnormalities on MRI in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study Stroke
Conclusions Among older adults, higher phospholipid long-chain omega-3 PUFA content was associated with lower prevalence of subclinical infarcts and better white matter grade on MRI. Our results support the beneficial effects of fish consumption, the major source of long-chain omega-3 PUFAs, on brain health in later life. The role of plant-derived alpha-linolenic acid in brain health requires further investigation.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - October 10, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Virtanen, J. K., Siscovick, D. S., Lemaitre, R. N., Longstreth, W. T., Spiegelman, D., Rimm, E. B., King, I. B., Mozaffarian, D. Tags: Stroke Source Type: research

Transgenic Overproduction of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Provides Neuroprotection and Enhances Endogenous Neurogenesis after Stroke.
Abstract Strokes are devastating as there are no current therapies to prevent the long term neurological deficits that they cause. Soon after ischemic stroke, there is proliferation and differentiation of neural stem/progenitor cells as an important mechanism for neuronal restoration. However, endogenous neurogenesis by itself is insufficient for effective brain repair after stroke as most newborn neurons do not survive. One fascinating strategy for stroke treatment would thus be maintaining the survival and/or promoting the differentiation of endogenous neural stem/progenitor cells. Using transgenic (Tg) mice ove...
Source: Current Molecular Medicine - August 22, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Hu X, Zhang F, Leak RK, Zhang W, Iwai M, Stetler RA, Dai Y, Zhao A, Gao Y, Chen J Tags: Curr Mol Med Source Type: research

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