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Prevalence of atrial fibrillation in an urban population in India: the Nagpur pilot study
Conclusions The prevalence of AF was low compared with other regions of the world and stroke prophylaxis was underused. A larger study is needed to confirm these findings. This study demonstrates that larger evaluations would be feasible using the community-based techniques employed here.
Source: Heart Asia - April 17, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Saggu, D. K., Sundar, G., Nair, S. G., Bhargava, V. C., Lalukota, K., Chennapragada, S., Narasimhan, C., Chugh, S. S. Tags: Original research Source Type: research

Cochrane Corner: Perioperative beta-blockers for preventing surgery-related mortality and morbidity
In conclusion, perioperative use of beta-blockers appears overall to be beneficial in cardiac surgery. However, in non-cardiac surgery the substantial reduction in rhythm disturbances and AMI appears to be offset by an increase in mortality and stroke, and so the systematic use of beta-blockers in this setting is not recommended.ResumoOs resultados de ensaios clínicos aleatorizados relativos à utilização de betabloqueantes no período perioperatório de cirurgia cardíaca e não cardíaca têm sido controversos. Esta revisão sistemática da Cochrane avaliou o impacto dessa intervenção na mortalidade e eventos cardi...
Source: Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia - February 8, 2020 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Trends in the pharmacological management of atrial fibrillation in UK general practice 2008-2018
Conclusions There has been an increase in the proportion of patients with AF appropriately prescribed anticoagulants following National Institute for Health and Care Excellence and European Society of Cardiology guidelines, which correlates with improvements in mortality and stroke outcomes. Beta-blockers appear increasingly favoured over digoxin for rate control. There has been a steady decline in GP prescribing rates for rhythm control drugs, possibly related to concerns over efficacy and safety and increased availability of AF ablation.
Source: Heart - March 10, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Phillips, K., Subramanian, A., Thomas, G. N., Khan, N., Chandan, J. S., Brady, P., Marshall, T., Nirantharakumar, K., Fabritz, L., Adderley, N. J. Tags: Arrhythmias and sudden death Source Type: research

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of atrial fibrillation and flutter at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi.
CONCLUSION: Hypertension and diabetes mellitus, not rheumatic valve disease were the more common co-morbidities. Stroke risk stratification and prevention needs to be emphasised and appropriately managed. PMID: 23612946 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Cardiovascular Journal of Africa - March 1, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Shavadia J, Yonga G, Mwanzi S, Jinah A, Moriasi A, Otieno H Tags: Cardiovasc J Afr Source Type: research

Sudden cardiac death in transposition of the great arteries with a Mustard or Senning baffle: the myocardial ischemia hypothesis
Purpose of review: The literature on sudden death in transposition of the great arteries (D-TGA) with atrial switch surgery is reviewed and a pathophysiological mechanism is proposed. Recent findings: Over 80% of sudden deaths in patients with D-TGA and Mustard or Senning baffles occur during exercise. Factors most consistently associated with ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death include heart failure parameters and atrial arrhythmias. Atrial arrhythmias have been observed to trigger malignant ventricular arrhythmias. Exercise may promote 1 : 1 conduction, with inordinately high ventricular rates. Reconstructed in...
Source: Current Opinion in Cardiology - December 1, 2016 Category: Cardiology Tags: PEDIATRICS: Edited by Mitchell I. Cohen Source Type: research

Impact of Atrial Fibrillation on Exercise Capacity in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: A RELAX Trial Ancillary Study Original Articles
Conclusions— AF identifies an HFpEF cohort with more advanced disease and significantly reduced exercise capacity. These data suggest that evaluation of the impact of different rate or rhythm control strategies on exercise tolerance in patients with HFpEF and AF is warranted. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00763867.
Source: Circulation: Heart Failure - January 21, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Zakeri, R., Borlaug, B. A., McNulty, S. E., Mohammed, S. F., Lewis, G. D., Semigran, M. J., Deswal, A., LeWinter, M., Hernandez, A. F., Braunwald, E., Redfield, M. M. Tags: Congestive, Exercise/exercise testing/rehabilitation, Arrhythmias, clinical electrophysiology, drugs Original Articles Source Type: research

Comparison of In-Hospital Outcomes for Beta-Blocker Use Versus Non–Beta Blocker Use in Patients Presenting With Cocaine-Associated Chest Pain
In conclusion, no differences in outcomes were observed between patients treated versus not treated with β-blocker therapy in the setting of cocaine-related chest pain.
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - March 17, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Zaher Fanari, Kevin K. Kennedy, Michael J. Lim, Abhay A. Laddu, Joshua M. Stolker Tags: Coronary Artery Disease Source Type: research

Total management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
Abstract Patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) often have multiple comorbid conditions that may interact with each other, confound the choice of treatments, and reduce mortality. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most important comorbidities of CVD, which causes serious consequences in patients with ischemic heart disease, stroke, arrhythmia, and heart failure. COPD shares common risk factors such as tobacco smoking and aging with CVD, is associated with less physical activity, and produces systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. Overall, patients with COPD have a 2-3-fold increas...
Source: Journal of Cardiology - March 18, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Onishi K Tags: J Cardiol Source Type: research

Beta-Blocker Use Is Associated With Impaired Left Atrial Function in Hypertension Hypertension
BackgroundImpaired left atrial (LA) mechanical function is present in hypertension and likely contributes to various complications, including atrial arrhythmias, stroke, and heart failure. Various antihypertensive drug classes exert differential effects on central hemodynamics and left ventricular function. However, little is known about their effects on LA function.Methods and ResultsWe studied 212 subjects with hypertension and without heart failure or atrial fibrillation. LA strain was measured from cine steady‐state free‐precession cardiac MRI images using feature‐tracking algorithms. In multivariable models adju...
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - February 3, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Sardana, M., Syed, A. A., Hashmath, Z., Phan, T. S., Koppula, M. R., Kewan, U., Ahmed, Z., Chandamuri, R., Varakantam, S., Shah, E., Gorz, R., Akers, S. R., Chirinos, J. A. Tags: Atrial Fibrillation, Hypertension, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Original Research Source Type: research

Atrial Fibrillation Management: A Comprehensive Review with a Focus on Pharmacotherapy, Rate, and Rhythm Control Strategies
AbstractAtrial fibrillation (AF) is an increasingly common arrhythmia encountered in clinical practice that leads to a substantial increase in utilization of healthcare services and a decrease in the quality of life of patients. The prevalence of AF will continue to increase as the population ages and develops cardiac comorbidities; thus, prompt and effective treatment is important to help mitigate systemic resource utilization. Treatment of AF involves two tenets: prevention of stroke and systemic embolism and symptom control with either a rate or a rhythm control strategy. Historically, due to the safe nature of medicati...
Source: American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs - March 30, 2022 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Early Intravenous Administration of Beta-Blockers in Patients Suffering from Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Without Heart Failure Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Study-Level Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
ConclusionIntravenous beta-blockers improved the MSI, decreased the risk of VT/VF in the first 24 h, and were associated with increased LVEF at 1 week and 6 months following PCI. In particular, intravenous beta-blockers started before PCI is beneficial for patients with LAD lesions.
Source: Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy - April 1, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research