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Source: Translational Stroke Research
Condition: Hemorrhagic Stroke
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Total 266 results found since Jan 2013.
Irreversible Neuronal Damage Begins Just After Aneurysm Rupture in Poor-Grade Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Patients
AbstractPathophysiological findings of early brain injury in humans have not permitted conclusive determinations. We explored the essence of this phenomenon by taking intraoperative cortical specimens of Hunt-Kosnik grades IV~V (poor-grade) subarachnoid hemorrhages (SAH). From 2013 to 2017, we treated 39 consecutive poor-grade patients in 226 cases of aneurysmal SAH. Fourteen of the 39 patients agreed to this study following written informed consent. We took specimens from untouched areas prior to surgical intervention: cortex near the ruptured aneurysm for clipping, convexity cortex for cerebral ventricular drainage. Cort...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - September 6, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Arginase-1 Released into CSF After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Decreases Arginine/Ornithine Ratio: a Novel Prognostic Biomarker
AbstractWe hypothesized that the enzyme arginase-1 is released into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during red blood cell lysis and contributes to dysregulated metabolism of the nitric oxide (NO) precursor L-arginine during aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). This prospective case –control study included 43 patients with aneurysmal SAH and ventricular drainage for clinical reasons. Longitudinal CSF samples (99) were obtained in the course of SAH. Patients were dichotomized regarding the occurrence of cerebral vasospasm syndrome (CVS) (N = 19). Arginase-1 and the amino acids L-arginine and L-ornithine were quantif...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - October 2, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Letter to Irreversible Neuronal Damage Begins just After Aneurysm Rupture in Poor-Grade Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Patients
Source: Translational Stroke Research - October 13, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Non-Animal Models in Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Research: Potentials and the Dilemma of the Translation from Bench to Bedside
Source: Translational Stroke Research - October 29, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Mitochondrial-Based Therapeutic Strategies for Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Source: Translational Stroke Research - November 6, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Genome-Wide Association Study of Clinical Outcome After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Haemorrhage: Protocol
AbstractAneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH) results in persistent clinical deficits which prevent survivors from returning to normal daily functioning. Only a small fraction of the variation in clinical outcome following aSAH is explained by known clinical, demographic and imaging variables; meaning additional unknown factors must play a key role in clinical outcome. There is a growing body of evidence that genetic variation is important in determining outcome following aSAH. Understanding genetic determinants of outcome will help to improve prognostic modelling, stratify patients in clinical trials and target novel...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 6, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Ultrasound-Induced Release of Nimodipine from Drug-Loaded Block Copolymer Micelles: In Vivo Analysis
In this study, we aimed to assess the concept of controlled drug release from nimodipine-loaded copolymers by ultrasound application in the chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model. Nimodipine-loaded copolymers were produced with the direct dissolution method. Vasospasm of the CAM vessels was induced by means of ultrasound (Physiomed, continuous wave, 3 MHz, 1.0 W/cm2). The ultrasound-mediated nimodipine release (Physiomed, continuous wave, 1 MHz, 1.7 W/cm2) and its effect on the CAM vessels were evaluated. Measurements of vessel diameter before and after ultrasound-induced nimodipine release were performed using...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 5, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
The Genetic Basis of Moyamoya Disease
AbstractMoyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare cerebrovascular disease characterized by progressive spontaneous bilateral occlusion of the intracranial internal cerebral arteries (ICA) and their major branches with compensatory capillary collaterals resembling a “puff of smoke” (Japanese: Moyamoya) on cerebral angiography. These pathological alterations of the vessels are called Moyamoya arteriopathy or vasculopathy and a further distinction is made between primary and secondary MMD. Clinical presentation depends on age and population, with hemorrhage and ischemic infarcts in particular leading to severe neurological dysfun...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 18, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Quantitative Analysis of Stress-Induced Hyperglycemia and Intracranial Blood Volumes for Predicting Mortality After Intracerebral Hemorrhage
In conclusion, GG independently predicts mortality in ICH patients and positively correlates with IPH and IVH volumes. However, causality between the two is not established and would require specifically designed studies.
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 18, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
The Fate of Erythrocytes after Cerebral Hemorrhage
AbstractAfter a cerebral hemorrhage (intracerebral, subarachnoid, and intraventricular), extravasated blood contributes to both initial brain injury, via physical disruption and mass effect, and secondary injury, through the release of potentially neurotoxic and pro-inflammatory factors such as hemoglobin, iron, and peroxiredoxin-2. Erythrocytes are a major blood component and are a source of such damaging factors. Erythrolysis after cerebral hemorrhage releases potential neurotoxins, contributing to brain injury and edema. Alternatively, erythrocyte phagocytosis via microglia or macrophages may limit the spill of neurotox...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 23, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Targeting Hemoglobin to Reduce Delayed Cerebral Ischemia After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
AbstractDelayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) continues to be a sequela of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) that carries significant morbidity and mortality. Aside from nimodipine, no therapeutic agents are available to reduce the incidence of DCI. Pathophysiologic mechanisms contributing to DCI are poorly understood, but accumulating evidence over the years implicates several factors. Those have included microvessel vasoconstriction, microthrombosis, oxidative tissue damage, and cortical spreading depolarization as well as large vessel vasospasm. Common to these processes is red blood cell leakage into the cerebrospina...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 14, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Circle of Willis Morphology in Primary Intracerebral Hemorrhage
AbstractWe aimed to study the distribution of Circle of Willis (CoW) morphology and its association with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) etiology and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) burden. Patients with primary ICH who had brain MRIs were consecutively enrolled between March 2012 and January 2021. CoW morphology, CSVD features and the combined CSVD burden (including global CSVD burden, total hypertensive arteriopathy [HA] burden, and total cerebral amyloid angiopathy [CAA] burden) were assessed. CoW morphology included poor CoW (defined as CoW score 0 –2), incomplete CoW, and complete fetal-variant of the posterior ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 19, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
The Mfn1- βIIPKC Interaction Regulates Mitochondrial Dysfunction via Sirt3 Following Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
AbstractNeuronal injury following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) has been shown to be associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. βIIPKC, a subtype of protein kinase C (PKC), accumulates on the mitochondrial outer membrane and phosphorylates mitofusin 1 (Mfn1) at serine 86. Here, we investigated the role of Mfn1-βIIPKC interaction in brain damage and neurological function in both in vivo and in vitro experimental SAH models. The expression of βIIPKC protein and the interaction of Mfn1-βIIPKC were found to be increased after OxyHb treatment in primary cultured cortical neurons and were also observed i...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 22, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Induces Sub-acute and Early Chronic Impairment in Learning and Memory in Mice
AbstractSubarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) leads to significant long-term cognitive deficits, so-called the post-SAH syndrome. Existing neurological scales used to assess outcomes of SAH are focused on sensory-motor functions. To better evaluate short-term and chronic consequences of SAH, we explored and validated a battery of neurobehavioral tests to gauge the functional outcomes in mice after the circle of Willis perforation-induced SAH. The 18-point Garcia scale, applied up to 4 days, detected impairment only at 24-h time point and showed no significant difference between the Sham and SAH group. A decrease in locomotion wa...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - March 8, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Cerebral Microvascular Injury in Patients with Left Ventricular Assist Device: a Neuropathological Study
AbstractStrokes are common among patients with left ventricular devices (LVAD). We hypothesize that there is ongoing cerebral microvascular injury with LVAD support and aim to describe this among LVAD-implanted patients through post-mortem neuropathologic evaluation. We identified and reviewed medical records of LVAD patients who underwent brain autopsy between January 2006 and December 2019 at a tertiary center. Cerebral injury was defined as both gross and microscopic injuries within the intracranial space including cerebral infarct (CI), hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HIBI), intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), and cerebral m...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - March 14, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
