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Source: Translational Stroke Research
Condition: Hemorrhagic Stroke
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Total 266 results found since Jan 2013.
A Systematic and Meta-Analysis of Mortality in Experimental Mouse Models Analyzing Delayed Cerebral Ischemia After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
AbstractAnimal models are established to display the pathophysiological changes following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The aim of the present study was to determine case fatality in mouse delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) models, to compare mortality in mouse DCI models to case fatality in human SAH patients, and to identify factors influencing mouse mortality. A systematic search of the PubMed database was performed to identify all studies that assessed mouse DCI models. Mortality rates and predictor variables were extracted and compared to the human case fatality after SAH as previously reported. Predictors for mouse mor...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 29, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
CD163, a Hemoglobin/Haptoglobin Scavenger Receptor, After Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Functions in Microglia/Macrophages Versus Neurons
Source: Translational Stroke Research - April 6, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
PCMT1 Ameliorates Neuronal Apoptosis by Inhibiting the Activation of MST1 after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rats
This study aims to explore the potential role of PCMT1 in reducing MST1-induced neuronal apoptosis after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in rats. One hundred ninety-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were used. An exogenous PCMT1 agonist, CGP 3466B, was injected subcutaneously 1 h after the SAH induced by endovascular perforation. Chelerythrine or calyculin A was given immediately via intracerebroventricular administration after SAH. The SAH grade, Garcia score, and brain water content were measured at 24 and 72 h after the SAH. Neuronal apoptosis was detected by an immu nofluorescent assay. The expression levels of endogenou...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - May 22, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Cerebellar Exposure to Cell-Free Hemoglobin Following Preterm Intraventricular Hemorrhage: Causal in Cerebellar Damage?
AbstractDecreased cerebellar volume is associated with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in very preterm infants and may be a principal component in neurodevelopmental impairment. Cerebellar deposition of blood products from the subarachnoid space has been suggested as a causal mechanism in cerebellar underdevelopment following IVH. Using the preterm rabbit pup IVH model, we evaluated the effects of IVH induced at E29 (3 days prior to term) on cerebellar development at term-equivalent postnatal day 0 (P0), term-equivalent postnatal day 2 (P2), and term-equivalent postnatal day 5 (P5). Furthermore, the presence of cell-fr...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - June 10, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
To Improve Translational Research in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Source: Translational Stroke Research - June 16, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Alcohol Consumption and Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
AbstractAlcohol consumption may be a modifiable risk factor for rupture of intracranial aneurysms. Our aim is to evaluate the association between ruptured aneurysms and alcohol consumption, intensity, and cessation. The medical records of 4701 patients with 6411 radiographically confirmed intracranial aneurysms diagnosed at the Brigham and Women ’s Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital between 1990 and 2016 were reviewed. Individuals were divided into cases with ruptured aneurysms and controls with unruptured aneurysms. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the assoc...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - July 27, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Melatonin Alleviates Intracerebral Hemorrhage-Induced Secondary Brain Injury in Rats via Suppressing Apoptosis, Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, DNA Damage, and Mitochondria Injury
AbstractIntracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a cerebrovascular disease with high mortality and morbidity, and the effective treatment is still lacking. We designed this study to investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of melatonin on the secondary brain injury (SBI) after ICH. An in vivo ICH model was induced via autologous whole blood injection into the right basal ganglia in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Primary rat cortical neurons were treated with oxygen hemoglobin (OxyHb) as an in vitro ICH model. The results of the in vivo study showed that melatonin alleviated severe brain edema and behavior disorders induced b...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - August 1, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Plasma Biomarkers of Inflammation Reflect Seizures and Hemorrhagic Activity of Cerebral Cavernous Malformations
AbstractThe clinical course of cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) is highly variable. Based on recent discoveries implicating angiogenic and inflammatory mechanisms, we hypothesized that serum biomarkers might reflect chronic or acute disease activity. This single-site prospective observational cohort study included 85 CCM patients, in whom 24 a priori chosen plasma biomarkers were quantified and analyzed in relation to established clinical and imaging parameters of disease categorization and severity. We subsequently validated the positive correlations in longitudinal follow-up of 49 subjects. Plasma levels of matrix...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - August 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Increased Plasma Galectin-3 Preceding the Development of Delayed Cerebral Infarction and Eventual Poor Outcome in Non-Severe Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
This study included 83 consecutive patients diagnosed with aneurysmal SAH of resuscitated World Federation of Neurological Surgeons (WFNS) grades 1 –3. Plasma galectin-3 levels were once measured on days 1–3 (the day after clipping or coiling). Fifteen patients had poor outcomes, which were associated with increasing age, female, pre-onset morbidity, worse WFNS grade, modified Fisher computed tomography scale, acute hydrocephalus, and highe r galectin-3 levels compared with good outcomes. Multivariate analyses revealed that plasma galectin-3 was an independent determinant for poor outcome (odds ratio, 3.08; 95% confide...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - August 22, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Vasoconstriction and Impairment of Neurovascular Coupling after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: a Descriptive Analysis of Retinal Changes
AbstractImpaired cerebral autoregulation and neurovascular coupling (NVC) contribute to delayed cerebral ischemia after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Retinal vessel analysis (RVA) allows non-invasive assessment of vessel dimension and NVC hereby demonstrating a predictive value in the context of various neurovascular diseases. Using RVA as a translational approach, we aimed to assess the retinal vessels in patients with SAH. RVA was performed prospectively in 24 patients with acute SAH (group A: day 5 –14), in 11 patients 3 months after ictus (group B: day 90 ± 35), and in 35 age-matched healthy controls (group C). ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - November 8, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Coated-Platelet Trends Predict Short-Term Clinical OutcomeAfter Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
AbstractAneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is associated with high socio-economic burden. Prothrombotic states of early brain injury (EBI) and delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) after aSAH determine morbidity and mortality. To understand how activated platelets might contribute to such prothrombotic states, we studied trends in coated-platelets during EBI and DCI periods. Serial blood samples from a prospective cohort of aSAH patients were collected and assayed for coated-platelet levels. Patient ’s coated-platelet level during post-hospital discharge follow-up served as an estimate of baseline. Occurrence of DCI, Mo...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - December 9, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Interleukin 6-Mediated Endothelial Barrier Disturbances Can Be Attenuated by Blockade of the IL6 Receptor Expressed in Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells
AbstractCompromised blood-brain barrier (BBB) by dysregulation of cellular junctions is a hallmark of many cerebrovascular disorders due to the pro-inflammatory cytokines action. Interleukin 6 (IL6) is implicated in inflammatory processes and in secondary brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) but its role in the maintenance of cerebral endothelium still requires a precise elucidation. Although IL6 has been shown to exert pro-inflammatory action on brain microvascular endothelial cells (ECs), the expression of one of the IL6 receptors, the IL6R is controversially discussed. In attempt to reach more clarity in thi...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 10, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Sex Differences in Gene and Protein Expression After Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Mice
AbstractSex dimorphism has been demonstrated after experimental intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Decreased mortality and improved neurobehavioral outcomes occur in female compared to male mice after intrastriatal autologous blood or collagenase injection. Sex-specific differences in post-ICH gene and protein expression may provide mechanistic insight into this phenomenon. Ten- to 12-week-old C57BL/6 male (M) and female in high estrous state (HE-F) underwent left intrastriatal collagenase injection. We assessed neurobehavioral outcomes over the first 30 days, hematoma volume and cerebral edema evolution over the first 24 ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - May 13, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Early Hemolysis Within Human Intracerebral Hematomas: an MRI Study
AbstractEarly hemolysis occurs in the hematoma within 24 h in rat model of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The present study investigated the prevalence of early hemolysis in ICH patients using MRI and the relationship between early hemolysis and perihematomal edema. Thirty ICH patients were prospectively enrolled within 24 h of onset. All patients had cranial CT on admission. Cranial MRI with T2 FLAIR-weighted imaging and T2*-weighted imaging were undertaken at days 1 and 14. The evolution of a non-hypointense lesion on T2*-weighted images and the relationship between the volume of that non-hypointense lesion and perih...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - May 15, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Prolonged Blood-Brain Barrier Injury Occurs After Experimental Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Is Not Acutely Associated with Additional Bleeding
AbstractIntracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) causes blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage along with altered element levels in the brain. BBB permeability was quantified at 3, 7, and 14 days with Evans Blue dye after collagenase-induced ICH in rat. At peak permeability (day 3), a gadolinium (Gd)-based contrast agent was injected to further characterize BBB disruption, and X-ray fluorescence imaging (XFI) was used to map Gd, Fe, Cl, and other elements. XFI revealed that Ca, Cl, Gd , and Fe concentrations were significantly elevated, whereas K was significantly decreased. Therefore, using Gd-XFI, we co-determined BBB dysfunction with...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - June 14, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
