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What Are the Complications of Sickle Cell Trait?
Discussion Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a group of inherited blood disorders where there are abnormal hemoglobin molecules and the red blood cells take on a characteristic sickled shape instead of a rounded shape. Sickled hemoglobin provides an evolutionary advantage of giving the individual increased protection against severe and cerebral malaria. The sickled shape doesn’t move through the vascular system as well and therefore is more likely to aggregate in small vessels causing an increased risk of vaso-occlusive disease, acute chest syndrome, splenic sequestration, and priapism. There is also an increased risk of ...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - September 4, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Pediatric Education Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Sixteen-Syndrome in a Young Patient with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
This report describes a case of 16 syndrome in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). A 28 year old woman with underlying lupus was presented with sudden left side body weakness and diplopia. Examination showed features of 16 syndrome with one and a half syndrome, facial diplegia and left hemiparesis. Neuroimaging revealed an acute infarct of bilateral dorsal pons. The patient was placed on antiplatelet therapy. However, she developed left leg deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism after one week. She was then given subcutaneous low molecular weight heparin, followed by warfarin and cycles of cyclophosphamide. Her hemipa...
Source: Neurology India - October 21, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Masnon Nurul Ain Teo Shee Kiang Wan Hazabbah Wan Hitam Hui Jan Tan Rabani Remli Wan Zaidi Wan Asyraf Othmaliza Othman Source Type: research

Simultaneous Acute Pulmonary Thromboembolism and Stroke & #8211; A Management Dilemma
We report the case of a 52-year-old man with concurrent massive right middle cerebral artery AIS and acute PTE, who was successfully managed despite the contradictory guidelines to manage them simultaneously. The patient underwent decompression craniotomy followed by anticoagulant therapy. The current case report demonstrates that full-dose heparin, despite being relatively contraindicated in an AIS, can achieve a good outcome when given under close monitoring. The transesophageal echo with bubble contrast during the Valsalva maneuver demonstrated patent foramen ovale with a right to left shunt as a cause of AIS and PTE in this patient.
Source: Neurology India - October 30, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Sita Jayalakshmi Harsh Khandalia Sudhindra Vooturi PA Jiwani Subhash Kaul Source Type: research

Paradoxical Embolism in a Case of Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia: Case Report with Literature Review
We describe a 48-year-old male who presented with acute onset giddiness, mild dysarthria, right hemiparesis, and ataxia. Clinical examinations indicated left cerebellar signs with right hemiparesis. Additionally, the patient had significant clubbing and mild cyanosis. A strong family history of epistaxis and hemoptysis was noted. His Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed acute left cerebellar and left frontal cortical infarct with normal vessels. The routine stroke and cardiac workup were normal. Chest X-ray showed bilateral lower zone opacities. Contrast-enhanced computerized tomogram (CT) of the chest showed bil...
Source: Neurology India - July 5, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Neena Baby Sabu George Kunnathuparambil Prasanth Varghese Aneesh Mangalasseril Kuriakose Source Type: research

Intravenous Fat Emulsion Does Not Significantly Alter Clotting Markers in Dabigatran-Treated Blood
AbstractDabigatran etexilate is an oral direct thrombin (Factor IIa) inhibitor approved for patients with atrial fibrillation and for management of risk of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Dabigatran offers advantages over treatment with warfarin, including limited laboratory monitoring. It is equivalent in prevention of stroke and deep vein thrombosis with essentially equivalent complication rates. In contrast to warfarin, reversal of the anticoagulation is less well established. Idarucizumab is available for reversal, however supporting research is mixed; the agent also happens to be quite expensive making av...
Source: Indian Journal of Hematology and Blood Transfusion - June 21, 2020 Category: Hematology Source Type: research

Patent foramen ovale: Connecting dots from massive pulmonary embolism to acute ischemic stroke
Ka U Lio, Maruti Kumaran, Parth RaliLung India 2019 36(6):564-566
Source: Lung India - October 30, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Ka U Lio Maruti Kumaran Parth Rali Source Type: research

Thrombolysis with Reteplase in Acute Pulmonary Embolism
ConclusionsDouble bolus reteplase given with heparin is effective in the treatment of high, intermediate risk pulmonary embolism with minimal risk of bleeding.
Source: Indian Heart Journal - September 22, 2019 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Neurological Involvement in Primary Systemic Vasculitis
Conclusion Neurological involvement is a common complication of PSV (Table 1), and neurologists play an important role in the identification and diagnosis of PSV patients with otherwise unexplained neurological symptoms as their chief complaint. This article summarizes the neurological manifestations of PSV and hopes to improve neuroscientists' understanding of this broad range of diseases. TABLE 1 Table 1. Common CNS and PNS involvements of primary systemic vasculitis. Author Contributions SZ conceived the article and wrote the manuscript. DY and GT reviewed and edited the manuscript. All authors ...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 25, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Prevalence, risk determinants and consequences of atrial fibrillation in rheumatic heart disease: 6 years hospital based-Himachal Pradesh- Rheumatic Fever/Rheumatic Heart Disease (HP-RF/RHD) Registry.
CONCLUSION: AF is common in RHD patients and is significantly associated with heart failure and systemic thromboembolism. Age, mitral stenosis severity, tricuspid regurgitation and LA size were independently associated with AF. PMID: 30595324 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Indian Heart J - December 1, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Negi PC, Sondhi S, Rana V, Rathoure S, Kumar R, Kolte N, Kumar R, Rao S, Diman A, Mahajan K, Dev M, Kandoria A, Ganju N, Bhardwaj R, Merwaha R, Sharma R, Asotra S Tags: Indian Heart J Source Type: research

Clinical Characteristics, Complications, and Treatment Practices in Patients With RHD: 6-Year Results From HP-RHD Registry
ConclusionsComplications in patients with RHD increase with age and worsening valvular dysfunction. Programs focused on early detection and evidence-based management will assist in improving outcomes.
Source: Global Heart - September 7, 2018 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Prevalence, risk determinants and consequences of atrial fibrillation in rheumatic heart disease: 6 years hospital based-Himachal Pradesh- Rheumatic Fever/Rheumatic Heart Disease (HP-RF/RHD) Registry
ConclusionAF is common in RHD patients and is significantly associated with heart failure and systemic thromboembolism. Age, mitral stenosis severity, tricuspid regurgitation and LA size were independently associated with AF.
Source: Indian Heart Journal - July 10, 2018 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research