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IOC consensus statement on recommendations and regulations for sport events in the heat
This document presents the recommendations developed by the IOC Medical and Scientific Commission and several international federations (IF) on the protection of athletes competing in the heat. It is based on a working group, meetings, field experience and a Delphi process. The first section presents recommendations for event organisers to monitor environmental conditions before and during an event; to provide sufficient ice, shading and cooling; and to work with the IF to remove regulatory and logistical limitations. The second section summarises recommendations that are directly associated with athletes’ behaviours...
Source: British Journal of Sports Medicine - December 20, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Racinais, S., Hosokawa, Y., Akama, T., Bermon, S., Bigard, X., Casa, D. J., Grundstein, A., Jay, O., Massey, A., Migliorini, S., Mountjoy, M., Nikolic, N., Pitsiladis, Y. P., Schobersberger, W., Steinacker, J. M., Yamasawa, F., Zideman, D. A., Engebretsen Tags: Open access, BJSM Consensus statement Source Type: research

Cooling modality effectiveness and mortality associated with pre-hospital care of exertional heat stroke casualties
Cold water immersion is the gold standard for field treatment of an exertional heat stroke (EHS) casualty. Practical limitations may preclude this method and ice sheets (bed linens soaked in ice water) have emerged as a viable alternative. Laboratory studies suggest that this is an inferior method, however the magnitude of hyperthermia is limited and may under-estimate the cooling rate in EHS casualties.
Source: The Journal of Emergency Medicine - December 19, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: David W DeGroot, Kaemmer N Henderson, Francis G O'Connor Tags: Selected Topics: Prehospital Care Source Type: research

Cooling Modality Effectiveness and Mortality Associate With Prehospital Care of Exertional Heat Stroke Casualities
Cold-water immersion is the gold standard for field treatment of an exertional heat stroke (EHS) casualty. Practical limitations may preclude this method and ice sheets (bed linens soaked in ice water) have emerged as a viable alternative. Laboratory studies suggest that this is an inferior method; however, the magnitude of hyperthermia is limited and may underestimate the cooling rate in EHS casualties.
Source: The Journal of Emergency Medicine - December 19, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: David W. DeGroot, Kaemmer N. Henderson, Francis G. O'Connor Tags: Selected Topics: Prehospital Care Source Type: research

Cooling modality effectiveness and mortality associated with prehospital care of exertional heat stroke casualties
Cold-water immersion is the gold standard for field treatment of an exertional heat stroke (EHS) casualty. Practical limitations may preclude this method and ice sheets (bed linens soaked in ice water) have emerged as a viable alternative. Laboratory studies suggest that this is an inferior method; however, the magnitude of hyperthermia is limited and may underestimate the cooling rate in EHS casualties.
Source: The Journal of Emergency Medicine - December 19, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: David W. DeGroot, Kaemmer N. Henderson, Francis G. O'Connor Tags: Selected Topics: Prehospital Care Source Type: research

The pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies of heat stroke-induced liver injury
Heat stroke (HS) is a life-threatening systemic disease characterized by an elevated core body temperature of more than 40 ℃ and subsequent multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. With the growing frequency of gl...
Source: Critical Care - December 17, 2022 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Fuquan Wang, Yan Zhang, Jianhua Li, Haifa Xia, Dingyu Zhang and Shanglong Yao Tags: Review Source Type: research

Treating exertional heat stroke: Limited understanding of the female response to cold water immersion
According to an expansive body of research and best practice statements, whole-body cold water immersion is the gold standard treatment for exertional heat stroke. However, as this founding evidence was predominantly drawn from males, the current guidelines for treatment are being applied to women without validation. Given the recognised differences in thermal responses experienced by men and women, all-encompassing exertional heat stroke treatment advice may not effectively protect both sexes. In fact, recent evidence suggests that hyperthermic women cool faster than hyperthermic men during cold water immersion. This rais...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - November 25, 2022 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Out-of-Hospital Cold Water Immersion for Classic (Non-Exertional) Heat Stroke Guided by Real-time Core Temperature Monitoring: A Case Series
Prehosp Emerg Care. 2022 Nov 15:1-11. doi: 10.1080/10903127.2022.2148795. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTHeat stroke is a problem that occurs primarily in the out-of-hospital environment. "Cool first, transport second" has been emphasized in consensus statements and systematic reviews regarding the treatment of exertional heat stroke by both EMS and the sports medicine/athletic training communities. However, there remains little guidance on cooling recommendations for the out-of-hospital care of non-exertional heat stroke or classic heat stroke. There is no consensus on the safety or feasibility of cooling classic heat stro...
Source: Prehospital Emergency Care - November 15, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Ryan C Jacobsen Bryan Beaver Benjamin Abo Source Type: research