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Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (Ashwagandha): A comprehensive review on ethnopharmacology, pharmacotherapeutics, biomedicinal and toxicological aspects
Biomed Pharmacother. 2021 Nov;143:112175. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112175. Epub 2021 Sep 27.ABSTRACTWithania somnifera (L.) Dunal (Solanaceae) has been used as a traditional Rasayana herb for a long time. Traditional uses of this plant indicate its ameliorative properties against a plethora of human medical conditions, viz. hypertension, stress, diabetes, asthma, cancer etc. This review presents a comprehensive summary of the geographical distribution, traditional use, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities of W. somnifera and its active constituents. In addition, it presents a detailed account of its presence as...
Source: Biomedicine and pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine and pharmacotherapie - October 15, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Subhabrata Paul Shreya Chakraborty Uttpal Anand Swarnali Dey Samapika Nandy Mimosa Ghorai Suchismita Chatterjee Saha Manoj Tukaram Patil Ramesh Kandimalla Jaros ław Proćków Abhijit Dey Source Type: research

Potential Disease-Modifying Effects of Lithium Carbonate in Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C1
Conclusion: Lithium is a potential therapeutic option for NP-C1 patients. Larger randomized and double-blind clinical trials are needed to further support this finding.Clinical Trial Registration:ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03201627.
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - June 9, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Lithium alleviates blood-brain barrier breakdown after cerebral ischemia and reperfusion by upregulating endothelial Wnt/ β-catenin signaling in mice.
Lithium alleviates blood-brain barrier breakdown after cerebral ischemia and reperfusion by upregulating endothelial Wnt/β-catenin signaling in mice. Neuropharmacology. 2021 Jan 29;:108474 Authors: Ji YB, Gao Q, Tan XX, Huang XW, Ma YZ, Fang C, Wang SN, Qiu LH, Cheng YX, Guo FY, Chang J Abstract Although upregulation of endothelial Wnt/β-catenin signaling may be used to treat blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown caused by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, no agents based on this mechanism are available clinically. Lithium, a medication used for treating bipolar mood disorders, upregulates Wnt/β-...
Source: Neuropharmacology - January 29, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ji YB, Gao Q, Tan XX, Huang XW, Ma YZ, Fang C, Wang SN, Qiu LH, Cheng YX, Guo FY, Chang J Tags: Neuropharmacology Source Type: research

Role of TREK-1 in Health and Disease, Focus on the Central Nervous System
Conclusion and Perspectives Since their cloning 20 years ago, the physiological importance of TREK-1 channels has continued to grow (Figure 3). Today, TREK-1 channels have been shown to be important and their presence is essential in a number of physiopathological processes. Their involvement in these different processes demonstrate the necessity to design pharmacological modulators, activators or inhibitors, of these channels to correct any TREK-1-related dysfunctions. Despites a number of studies and many molecule screenings, only few putative new drugs were identified. The activators belonging to the ML and BL series ...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 10, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

The neuroprotective effect of lithium chloride on cognitive impairment through glycogen synthase kinase-3 β inhibition in intracerebral hemorrhage rats.
In this study, Male Sprague-Dawley rats, subjected to intrastriatal blood infusion, were treated with lithium chloride and underwent neurobehavioral test for equivalent injury severity and neurological functional deficits, Morris water maze test for cognitive impairment, high performance liquid chromatography analysis for excitotoxic index determination, immunohistochemistry analysis for neuronal apoptosis, and Western blot analysis for glycogen synthase kinase-3β activity. Our results showed lithium chloride inhibited glycogen synthase kinase-3β activation, which on one hand, suppressed downstream CRMP-2/NR2B, thus dimi...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - October 15, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Liu Z, Li R, Jiang C, Zhao S, Li W, Tang X Tags: Eur J Pharmacol Source Type: research

TRPM2: a candidate therapeutic target for treating neurological diseases.
Abstract Transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) is a calcium (Ca2+)-permeable non-selective cation channel belonging to the TRP ion channel family. Oxidative stress-induced TRPM2 activation provokes aberrant intracellular Ca2+ accumulation and cell death in a variety of cell types, including neurons. Aberrant TRPM2 function has been implicated in several neurological disorders including ischemia/stroke, Alzheimer's disease, neuropathic pain, Parkinson's disease and bipolar disorder. In addition to research identifying a role for TRPM2 in disease, progress has been made in the identification of physiolog...
Source: Acta Pharmacologica Sinica - April 19, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Belrose JC, Jackson MF Tags: Acta Pharmacol Sin Source Type: research

'Non-criteria' neurologic manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome: A hidden kingdom to be discovered.
Abstract Neurological manifestations or disorders associated with central nervous system (CNS) are one of the most common as well as important clinical characteristics of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Although in the last updated (2006) classification criteria of APS its neurological manifestations encompassed only transient ischemic attack (TIA) and stroke, diverse 'non-criteria' neurological disorders or manifestations (headache, migraine, bipolar disorder, transverse myelitis, dementia, chorea, epileptic seizures, multiple sclerosis, psychosis, cognitive impairment, Tourette's syndrome, parkinsonism, dystoni...
Source: CNS and Neurological Disorders Drug Targets - September 19, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Islam MA, Alam F, Kamal MA, Wong KK, Sasongko TH, Gan SH Tags: CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets Source Type: research